2015 Vol. 30, No. 6
Display Method:
2015, 30(6): 533-538.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.001
Abstract:
To investigate the proteinvariationsin the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV),19 Eand 18 M genes from the viruses collected from different farms in Fujian in 2012-2014 were cloned and sequenced.The results indicated that the PEDVEand Mgenes were conservative.There were individual variants foundonlyonamino acids,as compared with CV777 strain.On the nucleotide sequences,the E geneswere 97.4%-100.0% homogenous among themselves,97.4%-100.0% homogenous with attenuated DR13 strain,and 97.0%-99.6% homogenous with CV777 strain.For the M genes,they were 97.4%-100.0% homogenous among the 18 of them,97.2%-99.6% homogenous with attenuated DR13,and 97.5%-98.4% homogenous with CV777.A phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Egenes of the 19 PEDVs were closely related to CV777,and the Mgenes of the 18 PEDVs closely related to KU05CB08.The M gene wasa new variant,which might bear an origin of strains from Thailand.
To investigate the proteinvariationsin the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV),19 Eand 18 M genes from the viruses collected from different farms in Fujian in 2012-2014 were cloned and sequenced.The results indicated that the PEDVEand Mgenes were conservative.There were individual variants foundonlyonamino acids,as compared with CV777 strain.On the nucleotide sequences,the E geneswere 97.4%-100.0% homogenous among themselves,97.4%-100.0% homogenous with attenuated DR13 strain,and 97.0%-99.6% homogenous with CV777 strain.For the M genes,they were 97.4%-100.0% homogenous among the 18 of them,97.2%-99.6% homogenous with attenuated DR13,and 97.5%-98.4% homogenous with CV777.A phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Egenes of the 19 PEDVs were closely related to CV777,and the Mgenes of the 18 PEDVs closely related to KU05CB08.The M gene wasa new variant,which might bear an origin of strains from Thailand.
2015, 30(6): 539-544.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.002
Abstract:
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of low-protein diets on production performance,serum biochemical indices and feces nitrogen content in Mule ducks.A total of 450 1-day-old Mule ducks were randomly assigned to 3dietary treatments with five replicates and thirty ducks with each pen(50% males,50% females).The control group received the diet including the normal level of crude protein(CP)(19% CP during 1-21day-old,16% CP during 22-56day-old),and the level of CP in diet of trial groupⅠand trial groupⅡwas decreased by 1%and 2%,respectively,while supplied with compounded amino acids.The feeding trial lasted for 56 days.The results showed that:(1)There was no significant effect of low-protein diet on average daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG)and feed to gain(F/G)of Mule ducks during 1-21,22-56 and 1-56day-old(P>0.05);(2)The content of total protein(TP),urea nitrogen(UN)and nuric acid(UA)in serum of ducks at 21 d and 56 dold showed tendency to descend,however,the levels of TP,UN and UA in serum among the three groups had no obvious differences(P>0.05);(3)During 1-21day-old,the feces nitrogen content of duck in trial groupⅠand trial group Ⅱwere significantly decreased by 8.17%(P<0.05)and 15.75%(P<0.05),respectively,and which were decreased by 5.64%(P>0.05)and 21.71%,respectively during 22-56day-old(P<0.05).These results indicated that dietary protein decreased by 1%-2% had no obvious effects on growth performance and serum biochemical indices of mule ducks,but which could significantly decrease the feces nitrogen content of ducks under the condition that amino acid in diet met the need of birds.
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of low-protein diets on production performance,serum biochemical indices and feces nitrogen content in Mule ducks.A total of 450 1-day-old Mule ducks were randomly assigned to 3dietary treatments with five replicates and thirty ducks with each pen(50% males,50% females).The control group received the diet including the normal level of crude protein(CP)(19% CP during 1-21day-old,16% CP during 22-56day-old),and the level of CP in diet of trial groupⅠand trial groupⅡwas decreased by 1%and 2%,respectively,while supplied with compounded amino acids.The feeding trial lasted for 56 days.The results showed that:(1)There was no significant effect of low-protein diet on average daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG)and feed to gain(F/G)of Mule ducks during 1-21,22-56 and 1-56day-old(P>0.05);(2)The content of total protein(TP),urea nitrogen(UN)and nuric acid(UA)in serum of ducks at 21 d and 56 dold showed tendency to descend,however,the levels of TP,UN and UA in serum among the three groups had no obvious differences(P>0.05);(3)During 1-21day-old,the feces nitrogen content of duck in trial groupⅠand trial group Ⅱwere significantly decreased by 8.17%(P<0.05)and 15.75%(P<0.05),respectively,and which were decreased by 5.64%(P>0.05)and 21.71%,respectively during 22-56day-old(P<0.05).These results indicated that dietary protein decreased by 1%-2% had no obvious effects on growth performance and serum biochemical indices of mule ducks,but which could significantly decrease the feces nitrogen content of ducks under the condition that amino acid in diet met the need of birds.
2015, 30(6): 545-548.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.003
Abstract:
In this paper,the body weight,body size and other growing indices of Fuqing goats from 0to 18 months were detected,and three kinds of nonlinear models,Von Bertalanffy,Gompertz and Logistic,were used to investigate the growing and developing regularity of Fuqing goat.The results showed that the average weight of ram were 1.98 kg when birth,24.19 kg at 12 months,32.41 kg at 18 months,and those of ewes were 1.74 kg when birth,24.58 kg at 12 months,29.34 kg at 18 months,which indicated that the body weight of male Fuqing goats in different growth periods were higher than those of the female except at 12 months.The size of ram was bigger than ewes.The traits of body height and body length grew faster in 2months and chest girth grew faster in 4months.The chest girth of Fuqing goats was proved to be important for the weight gain.Among three growth curve models,Von Bertalanffy fitted best,and the fitting equations for male and female Fuqing goats were W = 38.384(1-0.527e-0.118t)3 and W = 33.945(1- 0.545e-0.133t)3,the inflection point of age were 3.9and 3.7month,and the inflection point of weight were 11.4and 10.1kg,respectively.
In this paper,the body weight,body size and other growing indices of Fuqing goats from 0to 18 months were detected,and three kinds of nonlinear models,Von Bertalanffy,Gompertz and Logistic,were used to investigate the growing and developing regularity of Fuqing goat.The results showed that the average weight of ram were 1.98 kg when birth,24.19 kg at 12 months,32.41 kg at 18 months,and those of ewes were 1.74 kg when birth,24.58 kg at 12 months,29.34 kg at 18 months,which indicated that the body weight of male Fuqing goats in different growth periods were higher than those of the female except at 12 months.The size of ram was bigger than ewes.The traits of body height and body length grew faster in 2months and chest girth grew faster in 4months.The chest girth of Fuqing goats was proved to be important for the weight gain.Among three growth curve models,Von Bertalanffy fitted best,and the fitting equations for male and female Fuqing goats were W = 38.384(1-0.527e-0.118t)3 and W = 33.945(1- 0.545e-0.133t)3,the inflection point of age were 3.9and 3.7month,and the inflection point of weight were 11.4and 10.1kg,respectively.
2015, 30(6): 549-553.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.004
Abstract:
This study aimed to establish an efficient 2-DE proteomic method of H.parasuis.The 2-DE reaction suitable for the determination was established and optimized through the formulation of lysis buffer,modification on sample preparation,adjustment on sampling,and time needed for isoelectric focusing determination.Two clinical isolates of H.parasuis were used inthe comparative analysis.The results showed that high-resolution,highrepeatability 2-DE pages could be obtained with 500μg protein samples extracted by the ultrasound-lysis(7mol·L-1 ultra lysis buffer)-centrifugation method and purified by a 2-D clean up kit.They were separated by isoelectric focusing on the first dimension reaching 60 000 Vh,and visualized by silver-staining.
This study aimed to establish an efficient 2-DE proteomic method of H.parasuis.The 2-DE reaction suitable for the determination was established and optimized through the formulation of lysis buffer,modification on sample preparation,adjustment on sampling,and time needed for isoelectric focusing determination.Two clinical isolates of H.parasuis were used inthe comparative analysis.The results showed that high-resolution,highrepeatability 2-DE pages could be obtained with 500μg protein samples extracted by the ultrasound-lysis(7mol·L-1 ultra lysis buffer)-centrifugation method and purified by a 2-D clean up kit.They were separated by isoelectric focusing on the first dimension reaching 60 000 Vh,and visualized by silver-staining.
2015, 30(6): 554-557.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.005
Abstract:
According to the genome sequences of the duck NDV,apair of specific primers was designed.The NP gene of the virus was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-30 a.The recombinant plasmids were transformed into BL21(DE3)E.coli.Subsequently,this recombinant fusion protein was successfully expressed following IPTG induction.SDS-PAGE showed that the protein had an approximate molecular weight of 59 kD,and the Western blotting assay revealed that it could be recognized by the monoclonal antibody against histidine-tagged protein.The antiserum was,then,produced by the immunized ICR mice with the recombinant protein.Western blotting on the antiserum indicated its specific reactivity with NDV allantoic fluid.It was concluded that the NP gene could be successfully expressed in E.coli,and the antiserum could be used for detection of NPprotein.
According to the genome sequences of the duck NDV,apair of specific primers was designed.The NP gene of the virus was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-30 a.The recombinant plasmids were transformed into BL21(DE3)E.coli.Subsequently,this recombinant fusion protein was successfully expressed following IPTG induction.SDS-PAGE showed that the protein had an approximate molecular weight of 59 kD,and the Western blotting assay revealed that it could be recognized by the monoclonal antibody against histidine-tagged protein.The antiserum was,then,produced by the immunized ICR mice with the recombinant protein.Western blotting on the antiserum indicated its specific reactivity with NDV allantoic fluid.It was concluded that the NP gene could be successfully expressed in E.coli,and the antiserum could be used for detection of NPprotein.
2015, 30(6): 558-561.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.006
Abstract:
Efficacy of nitazoxanide(NTZ)by oral administration to Pseudosciaena crocea for the Cryptocaryon irritans infection was studied.NTZ was first-dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide to be sprayed evenly on an extruded fish meal,which was,then,coated with a thin oil film.The meal was fed to the fish every day at the rates of 50,100 or 150mg per kg of the fish body weight.The treatments lasted 6days.At the same time,simultaneously hatched theronts were introduced to infect the fish at a rate of 10 000 per P.crocea.Subsequently,the numbers of trophonts appeared on the gill,skin and fins of each fish were monitored regularly.After the 6-day treatments,all P.crocea were infected with thetheronts in large numbers,and the fish fed with 150mg·kg-1 diet died,while the others survived.The oral NTZ treatment apparently did not prevent P.croceafrom being infected by C.irritans.
Efficacy of nitazoxanide(NTZ)by oral administration to Pseudosciaena crocea for the Cryptocaryon irritans infection was studied.NTZ was first-dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide to be sprayed evenly on an extruded fish meal,which was,then,coated with a thin oil film.The meal was fed to the fish every day at the rates of 50,100 or 150mg per kg of the fish body weight.The treatments lasted 6days.At the same time,simultaneously hatched theronts were introduced to infect the fish at a rate of 10 000 per P.crocea.Subsequently,the numbers of trophonts appeared on the gill,skin and fins of each fish were monitored regularly.After the 6-day treatments,all P.crocea were infected with thetheronts in large numbers,and the fish fed with 150mg·kg-1 diet died,while the others survived.The oral NTZ treatment apparently did not prevent P.croceafrom being infected by C.irritans.
2015, 30(6): 562-566.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.007
Abstract:
Murray cod,Maccullochella peelii peelii,is a freshwater fish newly introduced from Australia.Itoffers aconsiderable commercial potential because of its highly desirable nutritional value and palatability.However,Murray cod is vulnerable to a variety diseases.Numerous diseases caused by bacteria,fungi,and parasites are frequently found on the fish.Thus,thebreeding and cultivation conditions for the aquaculture must be maintained at anexceedingly hygienic level.Through careful analyses on the clinical symptoms,pathogens and the epidemiological characteristics of the susceptable diseases,applicable control measures are proposed.Hopefully,they would help prevent,reduce and/or alleviate the occurrence of the diseases facilitating the development of Murray cod aquaculture.
Murray cod,Maccullochella peelii peelii,is a freshwater fish newly introduced from Australia.Itoffers aconsiderable commercial potential because of its highly desirable nutritional value and palatability.However,Murray cod is vulnerable to a variety diseases.Numerous diseases caused by bacteria,fungi,and parasites are frequently found on the fish.Thus,thebreeding and cultivation conditions for the aquaculture must be maintained at anexceedingly hygienic level.Through careful analyses on the clinical symptoms,pathogens and the epidemiological characteristics of the susceptable diseases,applicable control measures are proposed.Hopefully,they would help prevent,reduce and/or alleviate the occurrence of the diseases facilitating the development of Murray cod aquaculture.
2015, 30(6): 567-570.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.008
Abstract:
A high-starch sweet potato variety,‘Rongshu819',was newly developed from ‘Jinshan57'by open pollination in 2008.It was subjected to the regional test on new varieties and a production trial in Fujian from 2011 to 2013.The results showed that ‘Rongshu819'had a higher dry matter content and significantly higher root starch yield than ‘Jinshan57'(CK).Specifically,the dry matter of ‘Rongshu 819'was 29.95%,which was19.85% higher than that of CK,and the root starch was 19.70%,which was 28.09% more than that of CK.In addition,this new variety was judged to be better in table quality than CK,as well as moderately resistant to fusarium wilt,desirable on storage performance and highly acceptable in germination ability.It was,subsequently,certificated by Fujian Committee for Crop Variety Registration in 2014.
A high-starch sweet potato variety,‘Rongshu819',was newly developed from ‘Jinshan57'by open pollination in 2008.It was subjected to the regional test on new varieties and a production trial in Fujian from 2011 to 2013.The results showed that ‘Rongshu819'had a higher dry matter content and significantly higher root starch yield than ‘Jinshan57'(CK).Specifically,the dry matter of ‘Rongshu 819'was 29.95%,which was19.85% higher than that of CK,and the root starch was 19.70%,which was 28.09% more than that of CK.In addition,this new variety was judged to be better in table quality than CK,as well as moderately resistant to fusarium wilt,desirable on storage performance and highly acceptable in germination ability.It was,subsequently,certificated by Fujian Committee for Crop Variety Registration in 2014.
2015, 30(6): 571-576.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.009
Abstract:
This paper briefly reviews the history of the development of the regional trails for new peanut cultivars in Fujian.We summarize the major achievements and progress made since the beginning.Based upon the information,recommendations for future improvements were proposed.
This paper briefly reviews the history of the development of the regional trails for new peanut cultivars in Fujian.We summarize the major achievements and progress made since the beginning.Based upon the information,recommendations for future improvements were proposed.
2015, 30(6): 577-581.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.010
Abstract:
The Flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase gene was cloned from Narcissus tazetta.var.Chinensis by RACE and RT-PCR.The full lenght of Nt3 GT was 1 682 bp with an ORF of 1461 bp,which encoded a protein of487 amino acids with a conservative domain of Glycostranf1superfamily.Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that Nt3 GT was in the closest relationship with Solanum tuberosum(AAZ76827.1),Solanum tuberosum(AAX63403.1)and Solanum pinnatisectum(AAY88192.1).Semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed that Nt3 GT could expressed in leaves and flower,and the expression in leaves was stable in different times.However,the expression in buds was unstable.It could not be detected during scape-sprouting,and was the highest in flowering.
The Flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase gene was cloned from Narcissus tazetta.var.Chinensis by RACE and RT-PCR.The full lenght of Nt3 GT was 1 682 bp with an ORF of 1461 bp,which encoded a protein of487 amino acids with a conservative domain of Glycostranf1superfamily.Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that Nt3 GT was in the closest relationship with Solanum tuberosum(AAZ76827.1),Solanum tuberosum(AAX63403.1)and Solanum pinnatisectum(AAY88192.1).Semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed that Nt3 GT could expressed in leaves and flower,and the expression in leaves was stable in different times.However,the expression in buds was unstable.It could not be detected during scape-sprouting,and was the highest in flowering.
2015, 30(6): 582-585.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.011
Abstract:
In order to improve the germination rate of dormant Brassica juncea seeds,low temperature pretreatment,different culture temperatures and different concentrations of plant growth regulators and hydrogen peroxide were used to treat the seeds of Brassica juncea just harvesting,respectively,for breaking the seed dormancy.The results showed that there was significant influence on improving germination rate of the dormant Brassica juncea seeds at 4℃pretreatment for 1day;It was appropriate for germination of Brassica juncea seeds when treated at 25℃,and the germination of seeds would be inhibited by higher or lower temperature;Among different treatments of GA3,30mg·L-1 GA3 was proved to promote germination of the dormant Brassica juncea seeds;when treated by 2,4-D,the germination of Brassica juncea seeds was accelerated by low concentration,and inhibited by high concentration.It could also promote the Brassica juncea seeds germination when using 0.5%-2.0% H2O2 soaking treated for 2h.
In order to improve the germination rate of dormant Brassica juncea seeds,low temperature pretreatment,different culture temperatures and different concentrations of plant growth regulators and hydrogen peroxide were used to treat the seeds of Brassica juncea just harvesting,respectively,for breaking the seed dormancy.The results showed that there was significant influence on improving germination rate of the dormant Brassica juncea seeds at 4℃pretreatment for 1day;It was appropriate for germination of Brassica juncea seeds when treated at 25℃,and the germination of seeds would be inhibited by higher or lower temperature;Among different treatments of GA3,30mg·L-1 GA3 was proved to promote germination of the dormant Brassica juncea seeds;when treated by 2,4-D,the germination of Brassica juncea seeds was accelerated by low concentration,and inhibited by high concentration.It could also promote the Brassica juncea seeds germination when using 0.5%-2.0% H2O2 soaking treated for 2h.
2015, 30(6): 586-589.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.012
Abstract:
Liquid digestion of Erianthus arundinaceum fibers in the solution containing 2%NaOH and 1%H2O2to achieve the desired cellulase saccharification was studied.Effect of the substrates,digestion time,pH,fiber content,temperature and agitation speed on the process were analyzed.The conditions studied for the fiber hydrolysis included the applications of 2% NaOH and 1%H2O2,28 to 30hof reaction time,pH4.5to 5.5,4to 6gof fiber,temperatures between 50℃ and 55℃,and agitation speeds of approximately 180r· min-1.The orthogonal experiment indicated the optimal conditions to reach a saccharification rate of 45.21% were 30 h,pH6.0,5g fiber and 52℃.
Liquid digestion of Erianthus arundinaceum fibers in the solution containing 2%NaOH and 1%H2O2to achieve the desired cellulase saccharification was studied.Effect of the substrates,digestion time,pH,fiber content,temperature and agitation speed on the process were analyzed.The conditions studied for the fiber hydrolysis included the applications of 2% NaOH and 1%H2O2,28 to 30hof reaction time,pH4.5to 5.5,4to 6gof fiber,temperatures between 50℃ and 55℃,and agitation speeds of approximately 180r· min-1.The orthogonal experiment indicated the optimal conditions to reach a saccharification rate of 45.21% were 30 h,pH6.0,5g fiber and 52℃.
2015, 30(6): 590-593.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.013
Abstract:
A composite chitosan-gelatin coating was applied on the green peppers to determine its effect on the shelf life of the fresh vegetable.A significantly extended shelf life of the green peppers treated with the coating was observed.In addition,the sensory evaluation indicated that the 1.0%chitosan+0.5% gelatin coating rendered the best results on appearance and taste with the lowest weight loss and MDA,as well as the highest ascorbic acid retention for the green peppers.
A composite chitosan-gelatin coating was applied on the green peppers to determine its effect on the shelf life of the fresh vegetable.A significantly extended shelf life of the green peppers treated with the coating was observed.In addition,the sensory evaluation indicated that the 1.0%chitosan+0.5% gelatin coating rendered the best results on appearance and taste with the lowest weight loss and MDA,as well as the highest ascorbic acid retention for the green peppers.
2015, 30(6): 594-598.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.014
Abstract:
Seasonal nitrogen mineralization of the soils in the evergreen broadleaf forests on Mt.Wuyi in Fujian was studied.The environmental factors affecting the process was investigated.The method of In-field Closed Tube Incubation was employed to estimate the mineralization rate.Data obtained were correlated by a regression analysis.At low temperatures,the net mineralization rate of the soil increased with rise of the temperature.After the temperature reached a high threshold,the rate began a downward trend.The seasonal change of the net ammonification rate basically paralleled that of the total mineralization rate.They were also similar in their responses to rainfall.In the region,the nitrification dominated during the dry season;while the ammonification in the rainy season.Ammonification played a determining role in the soil fertility of the evergreen broadleaf forests on Mt.Wuyi.And,rainfall was one of the important environmental factors directly affecting the soil mineralization.
Seasonal nitrogen mineralization of the soils in the evergreen broadleaf forests on Mt.Wuyi in Fujian was studied.The environmental factors affecting the process was investigated.The method of In-field Closed Tube Incubation was employed to estimate the mineralization rate.Data obtained were correlated by a regression analysis.At low temperatures,the net mineralization rate of the soil increased with rise of the temperature.After the temperature reached a high threshold,the rate began a downward trend.The seasonal change of the net ammonification rate basically paralleled that of the total mineralization rate.They were also similar in their responses to rainfall.In the region,the nitrification dominated during the dry season;while the ammonification in the rainy season.Ammonification played a determining role in the soil fertility of the evergreen broadleaf forests on Mt.Wuyi.And,rainfall was one of the important environmental factors directly affecting the soil mineralization.
2015, 30(6): 599-604.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.015
Abstract:
Due to alternations made on farmlandsunder the “land consolidation project,”it is inevitable that the utilization and soil physicochemical properties of the landsundergo varied degree of changes.Reliable evaluation on the quality of newly created landsfor cultivation has become a rather urgent,and yet difficult,task for the scientists and management involved in the projects.Based on the typical project requirements,using Changtai county in the province as an example,a case study was conducted in an attempt to establish an evaluation methodology that could effectively predict the outcome for a given land consolidation project.Indices on theland quality,as well as calculation of the utility and economic coefficients for the farmland,were carefully studied.It was concluded that the fertilizer retention of soil,source of water supply,evenness of field,and calculation of coefficientswere among the areascould be furtherimproved.
Due to alternations made on farmlandsunder the “land consolidation project,”it is inevitable that the utilization and soil physicochemical properties of the landsundergo varied degree of changes.Reliable evaluation on the quality of newly created landsfor cultivation has become a rather urgent,and yet difficult,task for the scientists and management involved in the projects.Based on the typical project requirements,using Changtai county in the province as an example,a case study was conducted in an attempt to establish an evaluation methodology that could effectively predict the outcome for a given land consolidation project.Indices on theland quality,as well as calculation of the utility and economic coefficients for the farmland,were carefully studied.It was concluded that the fertilizer retention of soil,source of water supply,evenness of field,and calculation of coefficientswere among the areascould be furtherimproved.
2015, 30(6): 605-608.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.016
Abstract:
A colloidal gold immunoassay methodology was developed using the conjugate of the lab-made monoclonal antibody of diarrhetic shellfish poison,microcystin-LR(MC-LR),and KLH as the labeled substrate.The conjugate was produced following the immune competition law.Colloidal gold with various particle sizes were prepared.The particle size of 30 nm was selected for labeling the antibody.The rapid detection was carried out on an immunochromatographic strip made of a nitrocellulose membrane coated with the conjugate as the inspection band and the goat anti-mouse IgG as the quality control band. Without a need for additional equipment,this newly developed test strip could give a rapid,visual result in 3-5minutes with a sensitivity and a low threshold MC-LR content of 2ng·mL-1.
A colloidal gold immunoassay methodology was developed using the conjugate of the lab-made monoclonal antibody of diarrhetic shellfish poison,microcystin-LR(MC-LR),and KLH as the labeled substrate.The conjugate was produced following the immune competition law.Colloidal gold with various particle sizes were prepared.The particle size of 30 nm was selected for labeling the antibody.The rapid detection was carried out on an immunochromatographic strip made of a nitrocellulose membrane coated with the conjugate as the inspection band and the goat anti-mouse IgG as the quality control band. Without a need for additional equipment,this newly developed test strip could give a rapid,visual result in 3-5minutes with a sensitivity and a low threshold MC-LR content of 2ng·mL-1.
2015, 30(6): 609-615.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.017
Abstract:
The financing channels and funding sources the Provincial Farmers′Cooperatives in the province relied on for raising their capital were surveyed.Based on the information obtained,the causes of the financial shortages the organizations experienced in the past were thoroughly analyzed by means of the analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.As a result,aprogram consisting of 21 criteria was developed to evaluate the individual cooperative′s ability to provide basic loan guarantees and maintain a sustainable development and a stable fiscal status,as well as the executive's professional competency and managerial skills.Our survey on 44farmers' cooperatives in the province seemed to show(a)ageneral lack of marketing expertise in the organizations;(b)a significant deviation between the cooperatives' ability to secure funds for the businesses associated with crop breeding/aquaculture and that for the operations involved in conventional farming;also,between that for the largescale commodity segments and the small-sized firms;and,(c)a considerable variation on the professional skill levels of the top management.These shortfalls inevitably impeded an efficient operation for some cooperatives,even though their infrastructures were generally updated.Accordingly,suggestions concerning how to effectively enhance their fundraising capability,strengthen personnel training,and vitalize support mechanism are presented.
The financing channels and funding sources the Provincial Farmers′Cooperatives in the province relied on for raising their capital were surveyed.Based on the information obtained,the causes of the financial shortages the organizations experienced in the past were thoroughly analyzed by means of the analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.As a result,aprogram consisting of 21 criteria was developed to evaluate the individual cooperative′s ability to provide basic loan guarantees and maintain a sustainable development and a stable fiscal status,as well as the executive's professional competency and managerial skills.Our survey on 44farmers' cooperatives in the province seemed to show(a)ageneral lack of marketing expertise in the organizations;(b)a significant deviation between the cooperatives' ability to secure funds for the businesses associated with crop breeding/aquaculture and that for the operations involved in conventional farming;also,between that for the largescale commodity segments and the small-sized firms;and,(c)a considerable variation on the professional skill levels of the top management.These shortfalls inevitably impeded an efficient operation for some cooperatives,even though their infrastructures were generally updated.Accordingly,suggestions concerning how to effectively enhance their fundraising capability,strengthen personnel training,and vitalize support mechanism are presented.
2015, 30(6): 616-621.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.018
Abstract:
It is an important way to explore and implement the transformation and upgrading of traditional agriculture by constructing and developing modern agriculture demonstration area.As the demonstration carrier of agricultural technology integration,scientific and technological achievements conversion and modern agriculture production,the modern agriculture demonstration area is not only an important base for development,transformation and promotion of new agricultural technology,but also the main platform for cultivation of new industries and rural technological services.In this paper,for the modern agriculture demonstration area,we elaborated its significance and leading role,,emphasized the key points for the construction and mechanism innovation,and proposed strategies for the development and promotion of Jian'ou modern agriculture demonstration area based on the local conditions,which included(1)establishing the development region of green agriculture in mountain;(2)setting up the exhibition zones of efficient and high-quality agriculture;(3)building the demonstration zones of the ecological fruit-tea planting in hills;(4)constructing the pioneering district of bambooshoot industry;(5)founding the leading area of modern circular agricultur2;(6)building the rural leisure area with various functions.
It is an important way to explore and implement the transformation and upgrading of traditional agriculture by constructing and developing modern agriculture demonstration area.As the demonstration carrier of agricultural technology integration,scientific and technological achievements conversion and modern agriculture production,the modern agriculture demonstration area is not only an important base for development,transformation and promotion of new agricultural technology,but also the main platform for cultivation of new industries and rural technological services.In this paper,for the modern agriculture demonstration area,we elaborated its significance and leading role,,emphasized the key points for the construction and mechanism innovation,and proposed strategies for the development and promotion of Jian'ou modern agriculture demonstration area based on the local conditions,which included(1)establishing the development region of green agriculture in mountain;(2)setting up the exhibition zones of efficient and high-quality agriculture;(3)building the demonstration zones of the ecological fruit-tea planting in hills;(4)constructing the pioneering district of bambooshoot industry;(5)founding the leading area of modern circular agricultur2;(6)building the rural leisure area with various functions.
2015, 30(6): 622-624.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.06.019
Abstract:
SPAD and total nitrogen content of the 1st leaves from the tip of asugarcane plant were determined.Correlation between the two measurements during the growth periods of the plants farmed in Yunnan and Guangxi provinces was studied.The results showed that(1)the leaf SPAD of the sugarcanes in Guangxi was higher than that in Yunnan,but the nitrogen contents were similar;(2)SPAD and total nitrogen were higher at plant maturation in November than when the leaves continued to elongate in August;(3)a significant correlation was found between the leaf SPAD and total nitrogen on plants in Guangxi,but not between them on those in Yunnan.
SPAD and total nitrogen content of the 1st leaves from the tip of asugarcane plant were determined.Correlation between the two measurements during the growth periods of the plants farmed in Yunnan and Guangxi provinces was studied.The results showed that(1)the leaf SPAD of the sugarcanes in Guangxi was higher than that in Yunnan,but the nitrogen contents were similar;(2)SPAD and total nitrogen were higher at plant maturation in November than when the leaves continued to elongate in August;(3)a significant correlation was found between the leaf SPAD and total nitrogen on plants in Guangxi,but not between them on those in Yunnan.
