2014 Vol. 29, No. 6
Display Method:
2014, 29(6): 515-518.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.001
Abstract:
Applicability of the anther culture of F1 generation on Indica rice as affected by the sowing date was studied.The natural doubling rate of H1 population, the agronomic traits of callus seedlings lines (i.e., the green seedlings differentiated from a same callus) , and the genetic variability detection on H1 population by DNA technology were investigated using Peiai 64 S, S2, F1 and H1generation for the experimentation.The results showed that (a) sowing date significantly affected the applicability of the anther cultivation; (b) the diploid natural doubling rate of H1 population was 64.25%; (c) the agronomic traits of most callus seedlings lines were uniform; (d) there were bidirectional super parent advantages, except the perieds, between the seeding date and the heading stage;and, (e) the genetic mutation or chromosome structure variation was not detected in H1 population by SSR molecular marker.
Applicability of the anther culture of F1 generation on Indica rice as affected by the sowing date was studied.The natural doubling rate of H1 population, the agronomic traits of callus seedlings lines (i.e., the green seedlings differentiated from a same callus) , and the genetic variability detection on H1 population by DNA technology were investigated using Peiai 64 S, S2, F1 and H1generation for the experimentation.The results showed that (a) sowing date significantly affected the applicability of the anther cultivation; (b) the diploid natural doubling rate of H1 population was 64.25%; (c) the agronomic traits of most callus seedlings lines were uniform; (d) there were bidirectional super parent advantages, except the perieds, between the seeding date and the heading stage;and, (e) the genetic mutation or chromosome structure variation was not detected in H1 population by SSR molecular marker.
2014, 29(6): 519-523.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.002
Abstract:
Nine lines were derived from the hybridization between indica and japonica rice.Meanwhile, the subspecific differentiation of the lines was analyzed by morphological index and InDel markers.The results indicated that the lines of GY908、GY1128、GY1124and GY2888 were attributed to the indica type, the lines of GY926 and GY2750attributed to hesien (indica) and the lines of GY726、GY770、GY1134attributed to the keng (japonica) type, similar to the cluster analysis of the genetic distance.The results showed that developed indica-japonica intermediate type of rice by the hybridization between indica and japonica rice had the great significance for enrich the genetic background of rice.
Nine lines were derived from the hybridization between indica and japonica rice.Meanwhile, the subspecific differentiation of the lines was analyzed by morphological index and InDel markers.The results indicated that the lines of GY908、GY1128、GY1124and GY2888 were attributed to the indica type, the lines of GY926 and GY2750attributed to hesien (indica) and the lines of GY726、GY770、GY1134attributed to the keng (japonica) type, similar to the cluster analysis of the genetic distance.The results showed that developed indica-japonica intermediate type of rice by the hybridization between indica and japonica rice had the great significance for enrich the genetic background of rice.
2014, 29(6): 524-529.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.003
Abstract:
Genetic diversity of 23 spring soybean landraces in Fujian were examined according to their phenotypic traits and SSR markers.The results showed that the average coefficient of variation was 26.56%, and the average diversity index was 1.29.The phenotypic traits could be clustered into 3groups.One hundred sixty-three alleles were detected with an average of 3.26 alleles, and 2.286 efficient alleles per locus.The polymorphism inform content varied from 0.131 8to 0.728 5, with an average of 0.454 9.The mean Shannon-Weaver index was 0.899 5.The similarity coefficients ranged from 0.194 4to 0.725 2, with an average of 0.450 9.Using UPGMA based on the data on the SSR molecular markers, the cluster analysis also grouped the 23 landraces into 3categories.On the other hand, the dengdrogram did not indicate a clear division among the landraces of different geographical origins.
Genetic diversity of 23 spring soybean landraces in Fujian were examined according to their phenotypic traits and SSR markers.The results showed that the average coefficient of variation was 26.56%, and the average diversity index was 1.29.The phenotypic traits could be clustered into 3groups.One hundred sixty-three alleles were detected with an average of 3.26 alleles, and 2.286 efficient alleles per locus.The polymorphism inform content varied from 0.131 8to 0.728 5, with an average of 0.454 9.The mean Shannon-Weaver index was 0.899 5.The similarity coefficients ranged from 0.194 4to 0.725 2, with an average of 0.450 9.Using UPGMA based on the data on the SSR molecular markers, the cluster analysis also grouped the 23 landraces into 3categories.On the other hand, the dengdrogram did not indicate a clear division among the landraces of different geographical origins.
2014, 29(6): 530-534.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.004
Abstract:
The seed metrology characteristics in different Milk vetch (MV) germplasm were evaluated with morphology and ecological stoichiometry methods and were used in classification for MV germplasm.Comparing the thousand grain weight among 11 Milk vetch varieties, the heaviest one was found in‘Maxi'with average 3.40 g and the lighter were ‘Guangze'and ‘Minzi 3'with 3.05 g and 3.11 g, respectively.The thousand grain weight indicated the‘Maxi'variety in yield but not for its early ripe character.The total surface area of seed among 11 varieties, the smallest one was‘Minzi 5'with 3.46mm2 and the biggest was‘Maxi'with 4.12mm2.The seed form was reniform and subreniform with the proportion for 83% 96.7% of total seeds.The highest ratio of reniform seed was found in‘Minzi 7'with 96.7%, while it in‘Minzi 4'and‘Minzi 5'was similar as the lowest with 83%.The difference between the highest and the lowest ratios was significant.With correlation analysis, the data showed that the surface area of seed was correlated positively with thousand grain weight (r=0.698*) .The ratios in C/N and C/P were higher for early ripe varieties, such as‘Guangze', than for other varieties.Although the indexes in the thousand grain weight, surface area and morphology of MV seed could not be used in differentiation for the genotype of the varieties, the indexes might be referred in use for identifying of the varieties.Ratios in C/N and C/P could be used in identification for Milk vetch character in early or late ripe varieties.
The seed metrology characteristics in different Milk vetch (MV) germplasm were evaluated with morphology and ecological stoichiometry methods and were used in classification for MV germplasm.Comparing the thousand grain weight among 11 Milk vetch varieties, the heaviest one was found in‘Maxi'with average 3.40 g and the lighter were ‘Guangze'and ‘Minzi 3'with 3.05 g and 3.11 g, respectively.The thousand grain weight indicated the‘Maxi'variety in yield but not for its early ripe character.The total surface area of seed among 11 varieties, the smallest one was‘Minzi 5'with 3.46mm2 and the biggest was‘Maxi'with 4.12mm2.The seed form was reniform and subreniform with the proportion for 83% 96.7% of total seeds.The highest ratio of reniform seed was found in‘Minzi 7'with 96.7%, while it in‘Minzi 4'and‘Minzi 5'was similar as the lowest with 83%.The difference between the highest and the lowest ratios was significant.With correlation analysis, the data showed that the surface area of seed was correlated positively with thousand grain weight (r=0.698*) .The ratios in C/N and C/P were higher for early ripe varieties, such as‘Guangze', than for other varieties.Although the indexes in the thousand grain weight, surface area and morphology of MV seed could not be used in differentiation for the genotype of the varieties, the indexes might be referred in use for identifying of the varieties.Ratios in C/N and C/P could be used in identification for Milk vetch character in early or late ripe varieties.
2014, 29(6): 535-538.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.005
Abstract:
With field test, overturning Astragalus sinicus into paddy fields was conducted to study its effects on crop growth of watermelon-rice rotation.The results showed that there were no significant differences in watermelon yields resulting of Astragalus sinicus plus either normal fertilization or lessening 20%-40% chemical fertilizer while compared with normal fertilization.Nevertheless, overturning Astragalus sinicus combined fertilization treatments improved the sugar content of watermelon, particularly with a significant increase of 9.6%14.7%for central sugar (P<0.05) .For rice after watermelon crop, overturning Astragalus sinicus significantly improved rice growth during the tillering stage and increased the number of grains per tassel in mature stage.Likewise, the yield of rice grain was significantly increased by 7.6%-17.0%, the most significant result found from the treatment of overturning Astragalus sinicus 45000 kg hm-2+100% of chemical fertilizer (HZ+100% H) .Overturning Astragalus sinicus not only increased the quality of watermelon in central and marginal sugar content, but also improved the yield of rice after watermelon, which suggested a continuous aftereffect.
With field test, overturning Astragalus sinicus into paddy fields was conducted to study its effects on crop growth of watermelon-rice rotation.The results showed that there were no significant differences in watermelon yields resulting of Astragalus sinicus plus either normal fertilization or lessening 20%-40% chemical fertilizer while compared with normal fertilization.Nevertheless, overturning Astragalus sinicus combined fertilization treatments improved the sugar content of watermelon, particularly with a significant increase of 9.6%14.7%for central sugar (P<0.05) .For rice after watermelon crop, overturning Astragalus sinicus significantly improved rice growth during the tillering stage and increased the number of grains per tassel in mature stage.Likewise, the yield of rice grain was significantly increased by 7.6%-17.0%, the most significant result found from the treatment of overturning Astragalus sinicus 45000 kg hm-2+100% of chemical fertilizer (HZ+100% H) .Overturning Astragalus sinicus not only increased the quality of watermelon in central and marginal sugar content, but also improved the yield of rice after watermelon, which suggested a continuous aftereffect.
2014, 29(6): 539-545.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.006
Abstract:
Tobacco cultivars, Yunyan 97, Yunyan 99, Honghuadajinyuan, Zhongyan 103, Yunyan 100, NC297, NC71, Xingyan No.1, K326 and Yunyan 87 (ck) , were used to evaluate the effect of fertilization on the agronomic characteristics, botanical properites, disease resistance, visual quality and economic performance of the tobaccos grown in Ankang.The results showed that the agronomic characteristics, plant height, stem girth and lumbar leaf length of the tested cultivars increased with increased fertilization.But, the increases slowed down as the amount of the fertilizer was further increased.As for the overall disease resistance, Yunyan 97, Yunyan 99, Yunyan 100 and NC297were better among all tested varietis.Economically, the yield and output of Yunyan 97, Yunyan 100, NC297 and Yunyan 99 performed well when the intermediate fertilization was applied.
Tobacco cultivars, Yunyan 97, Yunyan 99, Honghuadajinyuan, Zhongyan 103, Yunyan 100, NC297, NC71, Xingyan No.1, K326 and Yunyan 87 (ck) , were used to evaluate the effect of fertilization on the agronomic characteristics, botanical properites, disease resistance, visual quality and economic performance of the tobaccos grown in Ankang.The results showed that the agronomic characteristics, plant height, stem girth and lumbar leaf length of the tested cultivars increased with increased fertilization.But, the increases slowed down as the amount of the fertilizer was further increased.As for the overall disease resistance, Yunyan 97, Yunyan 99, Yunyan 100 and NC297were better among all tested varietis.Economically, the yield and output of Yunyan 97, Yunyan 100, NC297 and Yunyan 99 performed well when the intermediate fertilization was applied.
2014, 29(6): 546-549.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.007
Abstract:
Based on a fragment cDNA from suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) of Narcissus tazetta var.chinensis induced by paclobutrazol, an ATP Synthase CF0 subunit gene NtATPF was separated and cloned by RACE and RT-PCR.The full length of NtATPFcDNA was 905 bp with a 555 bp ORF, which encoded a protein of184 amino acids and had a transmembrance domain (27-49) with a predicted molecular mass of 20.809 5kD and theoretical isoelectric point of 5.69.Phylogenetic analysis showed that NtATPF had close relationship to ATP Synthase CF0 subunit in Allium fistulosum (AEX93661.1) .
Based on a fragment cDNA from suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) of Narcissus tazetta var.chinensis induced by paclobutrazol, an ATP Synthase CF0 subunit gene NtATPF was separated and cloned by RACE and RT-PCR.The full length of NtATPFcDNA was 905 bp with a 555 bp ORF, which encoded a protein of184 amino acids and had a transmembrance domain (27-49) with a predicted molecular mass of 20.809 5kD and theoretical isoelectric point of 5.69.Phylogenetic analysis showed that NtATPF had close relationship to ATP Synthase CF0 subunit in Allium fistulosum (AEX93661.1) .
2014, 29(6): 550-554.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.008
Abstract:
A series of experiments applying biochar was carried out on tea plantations in the city of Wuyi Mountain, Anxi County, Yongchun County and Hua'an County.The following results were obtained: (a) the soil pH increased 0.12-0.20 over the control, significantly ameliorating the acidity; (b) the soil organic carbon increased4.14%-29.37%, significantly increasing the carbon sequestration of the soil; (c) the total nitrogen increased3.34%-23.98%, hydrolyzable nitrogen decreased 3.40%-9.83%, the available phosphorus increased 1.61-9.69mg·kg-1, and the available potassium increased 9.13%-133.79%in the soils, as compared to the control;and, (d) the fresh leaf yield increased 1.71%-8.28%, significantly improving the economic return.Thus, it was concluded that the application of biochar could be used to improve soil properties and tea yield for a tea plantation.An extended testing on additional planting areas was recommended for further confirmation and demonstration of the effects.
A series of experiments applying biochar was carried out on tea plantations in the city of Wuyi Mountain, Anxi County, Yongchun County and Hua'an County.The following results were obtained: (a) the soil pH increased 0.12-0.20 over the control, significantly ameliorating the acidity; (b) the soil organic carbon increased4.14%-29.37%, significantly increasing the carbon sequestration of the soil; (c) the total nitrogen increased3.34%-23.98%, hydrolyzable nitrogen decreased 3.40%-9.83%, the available phosphorus increased 1.61-9.69mg·kg-1, and the available potassium increased 9.13%-133.79%in the soils, as compared to the control;and, (d) the fresh leaf yield increased 1.71%-8.28%, significantly improving the economic return.Thus, it was concluded that the application of biochar could be used to improve soil properties and tea yield for a tea plantation.An extended testing on additional planting areas was recommended for further confirmation and demonstration of the effects.
2014, 29(6): 555-559.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.009
Abstract:
To study on the adoptability of new variety with regional test, the Oolong tea-Chunlan was introduced to Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan provinces and planted for 6years from 2003 to 2009, the variety of Huangdan was planted meantime as control (CK) .During the testing period, the variety characteristics of Chunlan were investigated in aspects of plant survival rate, growth potential, phenological phase, fresh leave yield, tea making quality and stress tolerances.Resultsshowed that the new variety Chunlan was better than variety Huangdan in growth potential and strength at stress tolerances with high survival rate and good quality of processed tea.The data suggests that Chunlan is an early-maturing variety with excellent quality for making tea and adaptability for growing widely in plantation regions.
To study on the adoptability of new variety with regional test, the Oolong tea-Chunlan was introduced to Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan provinces and planted for 6years from 2003 to 2009, the variety of Huangdan was planted meantime as control (CK) .During the testing period, the variety characteristics of Chunlan were investigated in aspects of plant survival rate, growth potential, phenological phase, fresh leave yield, tea making quality and stress tolerances.Resultsshowed that the new variety Chunlan was better than variety Huangdan in growth potential and strength at stress tolerances with high survival rate and good quality of processed tea.The data suggests that Chunlan is an early-maturing variety with excellent quality for making tea and adaptability for growing widely in plantation regions.
2014, 29(6): 560-564.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.010
Abstract:
A new hybrid hot pepper, Mingjiao 7, for processing applications was bred by crossing between m16-4-2-1-3, as a female parent, and f243-2-4-3-1, as a male parent.The resultant variety was an mid-to-early –maturing, strong and vigorous growing plant.Its nodes at the first flowering stage numbered 9to 11.The fruit was about 7-9cm long, 2.5-3cm in diameter, 0.2cm on wall thickness and weighed 7-10 g.The young maturing fruit was green in color, and the matured fruit was red with a ruffled surface, and had a spicy taste with desirable commercial quality.It took approximately 60-65 dfrom planting to harvest.The averaged fruit yield was 42 000-52 500kg·hm-2.The plant was strongly resistant to stresses, and the peppers had a moderate storability.Consequently, Mingjiao 7was considered suitable for farming in Fujian and/or other areas of similar ecological conditions.
A new hybrid hot pepper, Mingjiao 7, for processing applications was bred by crossing between m16-4-2-1-3, as a female parent, and f243-2-4-3-1, as a male parent.The resultant variety was an mid-to-early –maturing, strong and vigorous growing plant.Its nodes at the first flowering stage numbered 9to 11.The fruit was about 7-9cm long, 2.5-3cm in diameter, 0.2cm on wall thickness and weighed 7-10 g.The young maturing fruit was green in color, and the matured fruit was red with a ruffled surface, and had a spicy taste with desirable commercial quality.It took approximately 60-65 dfrom planting to harvest.The averaged fruit yield was 42 000-52 500kg·hm-2.The plant was strongly resistant to stresses, and the peppers had a moderate storability.Consequently, Mingjiao 7was considered suitable for farming in Fujian and/or other areas of similar ecological conditions.
2014, 29(6): 565-569.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.011
Abstract:
To analyze the pathogenicity, medicine sensitive, serotype and virulence associated genes of Escherichia coli (E.coli) strains from salpingitis ducks, the livers of ducks typically showing salpingitis were collected, from which the E.coli was isolated and identified.Pathogenicity of E.coli isolates were determined by subcutaneous injection of susceptible ducks.Serotype of E.coli isolates were detected by agglutination test.Virulence associated genes were detected by PCR.16 strains of duck E.coli were identified, among which there were 11 virulent strains.More than 70%of the strains were sensitive to Amikacin, Florfenicol, Cefazolin, Levofloxacin and Spectinomycin.More than 70% of the strains were resistant to Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, Kanamycin, Gentamicin, Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin.These strains were belonged to 4serotypes, among which O78 was the main serotype which accounted for 56.3%.The detection rate of irp2 gene, fyuAgene, fimCgene and papCgene were68.8%, 87.5%, 75%, 100%.16 strains of E.coli were isolated from salpingitis ducks and O78 was the main serotype.Spectinomycin and Florfenicol were the suitable drugs.
To analyze the pathogenicity, medicine sensitive, serotype and virulence associated genes of Escherichia coli (E.coli) strains from salpingitis ducks, the livers of ducks typically showing salpingitis were collected, from which the E.coli was isolated and identified.Pathogenicity of E.coli isolates were determined by subcutaneous injection of susceptible ducks.Serotype of E.coli isolates were detected by agglutination test.Virulence associated genes were detected by PCR.16 strains of duck E.coli were identified, among which there were 11 virulent strains.More than 70%of the strains were sensitive to Amikacin, Florfenicol, Cefazolin, Levofloxacin and Spectinomycin.More than 70% of the strains were resistant to Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, Kanamycin, Gentamicin, Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin.These strains were belonged to 4serotypes, among which O78 was the main serotype which accounted for 56.3%.The detection rate of irp2 gene, fyuAgene, fimCgene and papCgene were68.8%, 87.5%, 75%, 100%.16 strains of E.coli were isolated from salpingitis ducks and O78 was the main serotype.Spectinomycin and Florfenicol were the suitable drugs.
2014, 29(6): 570-574.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.012
Abstract:
To develop a detection method for Streptococcus agalaciate in tilapia, a double-antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) was established using the SIP monoclonal antibody (McAb) as the capture antibody and the HRPlabelled rabbit polyclonal antibodies against SIP as the detecting antibody.Two hybridoma strains, 1C9 and 6G5, that secreted antibody against SIP of S.agalaciatein tilapia, were prepared and characterized.The titers of these two monoclonal antibodies could reach 1∶105 and 1∶104, and their isotypes were IgM.Indirect ELISA assay indicated that McAb 1C9 had a specific and sensitivity detection for S.agalaciate.Polyclonal antibodies against SIP were developed and conjugated with HRP.The titers of them were 1∶105and 1∶104.The optimal concentration of HRP-labelled antibody was 1∶400.The ELISA had no cross-reaction with S.iniae, S.suis or S.pluranimalium, and the minimum amount of S.agalaciate could be detected by this DAS-ELISA was 0.85×106 CFU·mL-1.The results indicated that the ELISA method was quick, sensitive, reproducible and applicable for the detection of S.agalaciatein tilapia.
To develop a detection method for Streptococcus agalaciate in tilapia, a double-antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) was established using the SIP monoclonal antibody (McAb) as the capture antibody and the HRPlabelled rabbit polyclonal antibodies against SIP as the detecting antibody.Two hybridoma strains, 1C9 and 6G5, that secreted antibody against SIP of S.agalaciatein tilapia, were prepared and characterized.The titers of these two monoclonal antibodies could reach 1∶105 and 1∶104, and their isotypes were IgM.Indirect ELISA assay indicated that McAb 1C9 had a specific and sensitivity detection for S.agalaciate.Polyclonal antibodies against SIP were developed and conjugated with HRP.The titers of them were 1∶105and 1∶104.The optimal concentration of HRP-labelled antibody was 1∶400.The ELISA had no cross-reaction with S.iniae, S.suis or S.pluranimalium, and the minimum amount of S.agalaciate could be detected by this DAS-ELISA was 0.85×106 CFU·mL-1.The results indicated that the ELISA method was quick, sensitive, reproducible and applicable for the detection of S.agalaciatein tilapia.
2014, 29(6): 575-579.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.013
Abstract:
This 137-day experiment was conducted to examine the effect of microencapsulated feed on the immunity and growth of juvenile abalones under the conventional aquaculture practices.The commercially available, formulated abalone feed powder was used as the control.Ten pools of juvenile abalones were allotted to the two groups with 5replicate pens each.The treatment group was fed with a diet consisting of 31% microencapsulated ingredients and 69% Control.The results showed that (a) the AKP and T-SOD activities of the juvenile abalones in the treatment group were significantly higher than those of Control (P<0.05) ; (b) the lysozyme content in the treatment abalones was slightly higher than that of Control, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05) ; (c) the coefficient of variation on the shell length of the treatment abalones was less than that of Control.The treatment abalones appeared relatively uniform on various specifications.The results indicated that the microcapsules had the immune-enhancing, death-rate-lowering and growthpromoting effects on the abalones.And, the growth-promoting effect was found most apparent 71 dafter the abalones were fed with a diet containing the microencapsulated material.
This 137-day experiment was conducted to examine the effect of microencapsulated feed on the immunity and growth of juvenile abalones under the conventional aquaculture practices.The commercially available, formulated abalone feed powder was used as the control.Ten pools of juvenile abalones were allotted to the two groups with 5replicate pens each.The treatment group was fed with a diet consisting of 31% microencapsulated ingredients and 69% Control.The results showed that (a) the AKP and T-SOD activities of the juvenile abalones in the treatment group were significantly higher than those of Control (P<0.05) ; (b) the lysozyme content in the treatment abalones was slightly higher than that of Control, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05) ; (c) the coefficient of variation on the shell length of the treatment abalones was less than that of Control.The treatment abalones appeared relatively uniform on various specifications.The results indicated that the microcapsules had the immune-enhancing, death-rate-lowering and growthpromoting effects on the abalones.And, the growth-promoting effect was found most apparent 71 dafter the abalones were fed with a diet containing the microencapsulated material.
2014, 29(6): 580-585.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.014
Abstract:
In order to identify the causal agent of black spot disease on wax apple (Syzygium samarangense Merr.et Perry) in its taxonomic status, the causal fungi FJAT-9860 was isolated and characterized with pathogenicity test, morphology and culture feature observation, rDNA-ITS sequences assay and biological characteristics test.The results indicated that the causal agent belong to Lasiodiplodia theobromae.The colony of strain FJAT-9860 on PDA was white at first, then gradually became as grey to black.The monadic conidia were elliptic to round, and colourless.The rDNA-ITS sequence of the strain shared 99%identity with that of Lasiodiplodia theobromae strain.The results showed that the optimum temperature for mycelium growth of this pathogen was 25℃and the optimum pH was 8.0.The mycelial growth was affected by different carbon sources and the best one was mannitol.
In order to identify the causal agent of black spot disease on wax apple (Syzygium samarangense Merr.et Perry) in its taxonomic status, the causal fungi FJAT-9860 was isolated and characterized with pathogenicity test, morphology and culture feature observation, rDNA-ITS sequences assay and biological characteristics test.The results indicated that the causal agent belong to Lasiodiplodia theobromae.The colony of strain FJAT-9860 on PDA was white at first, then gradually became as grey to black.The monadic conidia were elliptic to round, and colourless.The rDNA-ITS sequence of the strain shared 99%identity with that of Lasiodiplodia theobromae strain.The results showed that the optimum temperature for mycelium growth of this pathogen was 25℃and the optimum pH was 8.0.The mycelial growth was affected by different carbon sources and the best one was mannitol.
2014, 29(6): 586-591.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.015
Abstract:
Large-scale piggery structure was designed in full contactable microbial fermentation bed for breeding sows, of which, the land for entire piggery was 5 700m2 including workplace and green belts along sides.The piggery for breeding sows was 93 mlong and 33 mwide with total area 3 069m2, including office area 60m2, aisle107m2.The microbial fermentation bed covered area 2 902m2 with 88.7mlong and 27.7mwide, it occupied 95%of the total area of the piggery.The thick of padding on microbial fermentation bed was 80 cm in height with volume2 321m3, packed with 733 tons of coconut chaff+rice chaff.The large space of microbial fermentation bed would be separated in different functional zones for boar breeding, gilts, pregnant sows, sow delivery table, as well as piglets nurse culture.The piggery would also be equipped with automatic control systems such as automatic feeding, automatic sprinkler, automatic orientation corral for pregnant sows, sow delivery table system, fan-water curtain cooling system, video monitoring system, environmental parameter system including light, temperature, water, humidity, CO2, NH3 and so on.The feeding trough and water trough were placed in each zone and the overflow pipe was designed for water trough to remove extra water.The piggery was designed in capacity for breeding 500 sows and 4.9m2 microbial fermentation bed enjoyed by each sow in average, with annual output of 10 000 piglets.
Large-scale piggery structure was designed in full contactable microbial fermentation bed for breeding sows, of which, the land for entire piggery was 5 700m2 including workplace and green belts along sides.The piggery for breeding sows was 93 mlong and 33 mwide with total area 3 069m2, including office area 60m2, aisle107m2.The microbial fermentation bed covered area 2 902m2 with 88.7mlong and 27.7mwide, it occupied 95%of the total area of the piggery.The thick of padding on microbial fermentation bed was 80 cm in height with volume2 321m3, packed with 733 tons of coconut chaff+rice chaff.The large space of microbial fermentation bed would be separated in different functional zones for boar breeding, gilts, pregnant sows, sow delivery table, as well as piglets nurse culture.The piggery would also be equipped with automatic control systems such as automatic feeding, automatic sprinkler, automatic orientation corral for pregnant sows, sow delivery table system, fan-water curtain cooling system, video monitoring system, environmental parameter system including light, temperature, water, humidity, CO2, NH3 and so on.The feeding trough and water trough were placed in each zone and the overflow pipe was designed for water trough to remove extra water.The piggery was designed in capacity for breeding 500 sows and 4.9m2 microbial fermentation bed enjoyed by each sow in average, with annual output of 10 000 piglets.
2014, 29(6): 592-596.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.016
Abstract:
For studying the simulated microgravity in rotating bioreactor and the movement of micro-carrier in the microgravity fluid, two methods were applied to verify the effect of simulated microgravity in rotating bioreactor:keeping the effective acceleration of gravity far less than the surface gravity acceleration, or the " approximate static" condition for micro-carrier in the aqueous solution.In the self-developed perfusion system in rotating bioreactor, the motion displacement and speed of micro-carrier were analyzed to find out the movement rules of micro-carrier in the aqueous solution, and the ideal radius of membrane oxygenator in cell bottle was decided by centrifugal force calculating.The results showed that micro-carrier moved from center to outside following a certain rule until touching the wall.To get better test results, the radius of membrane oxygenator was set to be a small parameter between 0.3 733-0.8 042 cm.
For studying the simulated microgravity in rotating bioreactor and the movement of micro-carrier in the microgravity fluid, two methods were applied to verify the effect of simulated microgravity in rotating bioreactor:keeping the effective acceleration of gravity far less than the surface gravity acceleration, or the " approximate static" condition for micro-carrier in the aqueous solution.In the self-developed perfusion system in rotating bioreactor, the motion displacement and speed of micro-carrier were analyzed to find out the movement rules of micro-carrier in the aqueous solution, and the ideal radius of membrane oxygenator in cell bottle was decided by centrifugal force calculating.The results showed that micro-carrier moved from center to outside following a certain rule until touching the wall.To get better test results, the radius of membrane oxygenator was set to be a small parameter between 0.3 733-0.8 042 cm.
2014, 29(6): 597-601.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.017
Abstract:
Applying the partial least squares regression methodology, the protein contents of corn measured by using near infrared at 10 000-4 000cm-1 wave band and the conventional biochemical method were compared.The near infrared spectra were firstly de-noised and smoothed for dimensionality reduction, and then, the data was used as the input and protein content as the output for the model establishment.The simulation results showed that the protein content of corn could be accurately predicted by the regression model.The predictive expression regression coefficients and the variable importance in projection obtained on the spectra at a certain wavelengths highly correlated with the protein content.The model appeared to provide a significant quantitative relationship between the biochemical and near infrared determinations on the protein content of corn.
Applying the partial least squares regression methodology, the protein contents of corn measured by using near infrared at 10 000-4 000cm-1 wave band and the conventional biochemical method were compared.The near infrared spectra were firstly de-noised and smoothed for dimensionality reduction, and then, the data was used as the input and protein content as the output for the model establishment.The simulation results showed that the protein content of corn could be accurately predicted by the regression model.The predictive expression regression coefficients and the variable importance in projection obtained on the spectra at a certain wavelengths highly correlated with the protein content.The model appeared to provide a significant quantitative relationship between the biochemical and near infrared determinations on the protein content of corn.
2014, 29(6): 602-607.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.018
Abstract:
The zebrafish genome sequencing has been completed, and a number of specialized online databases have been established.As a model organism, zebrafish has been widely used in genetics, developmental biology and other fields.The advantages of zebrafish in fish etiology and immunology researches, such as transparent ontogenesis, mature immune system which contained both innate and adaptive immune system, and the supportive capacity for infection and replication of many fish-derived bacteria and viruses in the adults and the embryos;have made it the most popular model organism for studying infectious pathogenesis and immune response of the fish.The established zebrafish infection models and their application on vaccinology of a variety of fish pathogenic bacteria and virus have been overviewed briefly in this report.
The zebrafish genome sequencing has been completed, and a number of specialized online databases have been established.As a model organism, zebrafish has been widely used in genetics, developmental biology and other fields.The advantages of zebrafish in fish etiology and immunology researches, such as transparent ontogenesis, mature immune system which contained both innate and adaptive immune system, and the supportive capacity for infection and replication of many fish-derived bacteria and viruses in the adults and the embryos;have made it the most popular model organism for studying infectious pathogenesis and immune response of the fish.The established zebrafish infection models and their application on vaccinology of a variety of fish pathogenic bacteria and virus have been overviewed briefly in this report.
2014, 29(6): 608-611.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.06.019
Abstract:
Gerbera jamesonii is one of five major cut flowers in the world.It has a high economic value.Its planting area continues to expand.At the same time, the disease problem is also becoming increasingly serious.Root rot is one of the main diseases on G.jamesonii that has widely spread in recent years causing heavy economic losses.This paper reviews recent developments on the molecular biology of the plant-pathogen interactions relating to the disease's mechanism and the host plant's natural defense against the disease.Prospect of applying molecular breeding, as well as other potentially applicable approaches, for the disease prevention and control is discussed.
Gerbera jamesonii is one of five major cut flowers in the world.It has a high economic value.Its planting area continues to expand.At the same time, the disease problem is also becoming increasingly serious.Root rot is one of the main diseases on G.jamesonii that has widely spread in recent years causing heavy economic losses.This paper reviews recent developments on the molecular biology of the plant-pathogen interactions relating to the disease's mechanism and the host plant's natural defense against the disease.Prospect of applying molecular breeding, as well as other potentially applicable approaches, for the disease prevention and control is discussed.
