2013 Vol. 28, No. 6
Display Method:
2013, 28(6): 517-521.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.001
Abstract:
Vibrio vulnificus is an important pathogen that causes the eel sepsis.In this study,the outer membrane protein U(ompU)gene of Vibrio vulnificus strain FJ03-X2is cloned,and then inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector,named pET32a-ompU.The plasmid was then transformed into E.coli strain to induce the expression of rompU protein.The soluble rompU protein can be expressed under the induction of IPTG(0.5mmol/ L)at 37℃for 4h.Then purified it by Ni-NTA His Binding affinity purification.SDS-PAGE displayed the purified rompU as a single band of the expected size.The purified rompU protein was then injected into SD level rats to produce polyclonal antibody.High specificity antiserum of FJ03-X2rompU is confirmed by ELISA detection.Western-blot confirmed that OmpU polyclonal antibodies can recognize the natural outer membrane protein OmpU in Vibrio vulnificus FJ03-X2.
Vibrio vulnificus is an important pathogen that causes the eel sepsis.In this study,the outer membrane protein U(ompU)gene of Vibrio vulnificus strain FJ03-X2is cloned,and then inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector,named pET32a-ompU.The plasmid was then transformed into E.coli strain to induce the expression of rompU protein.The soluble rompU protein can be expressed under the induction of IPTG(0.5mmol/ L)at 37℃for 4h.Then purified it by Ni-NTA His Binding affinity purification.SDS-PAGE displayed the purified rompU as a single band of the expected size.The purified rompU protein was then injected into SD level rats to produce polyclonal antibody.High specificity antiserum of FJ03-X2rompU is confirmed by ELISA detection.Western-blot confirmed that OmpU polyclonal antibodies can recognize the natural outer membrane protein OmpU in Vibrio vulnificus FJ03-X2.
2013, 28(6): 522-524.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.002
Abstract:
With the development of Acipenser schrenckii artificial breeding in Fujian Province,a new seedling cultivation mode has been established by testing of different water and fertilized egg sources.,The results showed that using coastal saline groundwater to formulate 8‰ salinity water in incubation of Fujian Acipenser schrenckii eggs would get a hatching rate of 90%-92%,and 10‰salinity water's application in cultivation of local Acipenser schrenckii seedling provided a survival rate of fry up to 85%-87%.The hatching rate and the survival rate of the new mode are about 40%and 30%highter than those of flesh well water incubation of northern Acipenser schrenckii seedling mode.The new mode is a better Acipenser schrenckii seedling cultivation method of Fujian province.
With the development of Acipenser schrenckii artificial breeding in Fujian Province,a new seedling cultivation mode has been established by testing of different water and fertilized egg sources.,The results showed that using coastal saline groundwater to formulate 8‰ salinity water in incubation of Fujian Acipenser schrenckii eggs would get a hatching rate of 90%-92%,and 10‰salinity water's application in cultivation of local Acipenser schrenckii seedling provided a survival rate of fry up to 85%-87%.The hatching rate and the survival rate of the new mode are about 40%and 30%highter than those of flesh well water incubation of northern Acipenser schrenckii seedling mode.The new mode is a better Acipenser schrenckii seedling cultivation method of Fujian province.
2013, 28(6): 525-528.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.003
Abstract:
The experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of nitrogen application amount on early hybrid rice of Fujian province‘Jinyou 2155’and‘T78you 2155’.The results indicated that nitrogen contents in organs of the two cultivars decreased with plant growth and development process;The nitrogen contents,nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen amount from vegetation transfer in different organs of the two cultivars at different growing stages increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount after the transplant;The nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen uptake amount during the period of grain grouting depended more on vegetation in‘T78you 2155’;Nitrogen harvest index and soil nitrogen contribution ratio between two cultivars had no significant difference among different nitrogen treatments.Nitrogen crops physiological efficiency of the two cultivars reduced with the increase of N application amount,while nitrogen fertilizer utilization ratio of the two cultivars showed different changing trend as the increase of nitrogen application.
The experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of nitrogen application amount on early hybrid rice of Fujian province‘Jinyou 2155’and‘T78you 2155’.The results indicated that nitrogen contents in organs of the two cultivars decreased with plant growth and development process;The nitrogen contents,nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen amount from vegetation transfer in different organs of the two cultivars at different growing stages increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount after the transplant;The nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen uptake amount during the period of grain grouting depended more on vegetation in‘T78you 2155’;Nitrogen harvest index and soil nitrogen contribution ratio between two cultivars had no significant difference among different nitrogen treatments.Nitrogen crops physiological efficiency of the two cultivars reduced with the increase of N application amount,while nitrogen fertilizer utilization ratio of the two cultivars showed different changing trend as the increase of nitrogen application.
2013, 28(6): 529-532.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.004
Abstract:
By crossing Wuyou 7and F7 of Quanhua 10and ICGV91284,a new peanut variety,Fuhua 8,was obtained in the spring of 2002.It was submitted to the provincial spring peanut regional tests in Fujian in 20092010.The pod and seed yields of the peanut were 3 924.45kg.hm-2 and 2 572.80kg.hm-2,respectively,which were 5.42% and 3.7%,respectively,higher than those of Quanhua 7in 2009,and 3 796.05kg.hm-2 and 2 574.75kg.hm-2,respectively,(with the increases of 19.67% and 19.95%,respectively,as compared to Quanhua 7)in 2010.The average pod and seed yield of the peanut in 2009and 2010were 3 860.25kg.hm-2 and 2 573.85kg.hm-2,which were 12.55%and 11.83%,respecthively,higher than those of the control.Its crude fat content was 51.9%,protein content 32.1%,and oleic acid/linoleic acid value 1.12.The variety was resistant to leaf spot and rust,susceptible of bacterial wilt,resistant to drought,and strongly tolerant to flooding,and had a high yield and general yield stability.It was officially certified in 2012in Fujian.
By crossing Wuyou 7and F7 of Quanhua 10and ICGV91284,a new peanut variety,Fuhua 8,was obtained in the spring of 2002.It was submitted to the provincial spring peanut regional tests in Fujian in 20092010.The pod and seed yields of the peanut were 3 924.45kg.hm-2 and 2 572.80kg.hm-2,respectively,which were 5.42% and 3.7%,respectively,higher than those of Quanhua 7in 2009,and 3 796.05kg.hm-2 and 2 574.75kg.hm-2,respectively,(with the increases of 19.67% and 19.95%,respectively,as compared to Quanhua 7)in 2010.The average pod and seed yield of the peanut in 2009and 2010were 3 860.25kg.hm-2 and 2 573.85kg.hm-2,which were 12.55%and 11.83%,respecthively,higher than those of the control.Its crude fat content was 51.9%,protein content 32.1%,and oleic acid/linoleic acid value 1.12.The variety was resistant to leaf spot and rust,susceptible of bacterial wilt,resistant to drought,and strongly tolerant to flooding,and had a high yield and general yield stability.It was officially certified in 2012in Fujian.
Inheritance Research of Main Characters of Strawberry Fruit in Open Field Cultivation of South China
2013, 28(6): 533-537.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.005
Abstract:
In this experiment,three strawberry cross combinations were used to study the inheritance trend of main fruit characters,and correlations between fruit characters of strawberry were also discussed.The result indicated that the fruit weight,length,width and soluble solid content were quantitative characters with succession variance.The average broad-sense heritability of three cross combinations′fruit length,width,weight and soluble solid content traits were 0.68,0.56,0.64and 0.86respectively,which showed the difference of these fruit characters were mainly caused by heredity.As concerning the parents,the average of weight and width of F1trended to be smaller,but the average of soluble solid content and length trended mainly to be bigger.The correlation between fruit soluble solids content and length of Sagahonoka×Sweet Charlie cross combination was significantly positive correlated,and Toyonoka×Sweet Charlie cross combination was extremely significantly positive correlated.And the correlations between fruit length and width of three cross combinations were extremely significantly positive correlated.
In this experiment,three strawberry cross combinations were used to study the inheritance trend of main fruit characters,and correlations between fruit characters of strawberry were also discussed.The result indicated that the fruit weight,length,width and soluble solid content were quantitative characters with succession variance.The average broad-sense heritability of three cross combinations′fruit length,width,weight and soluble solid content traits were 0.68,0.56,0.64and 0.86respectively,which showed the difference of these fruit characters were mainly caused by heredity.As concerning the parents,the average of weight and width of F1trended to be smaller,but the average of soluble solid content and length trended mainly to be bigger.The correlation between fruit soluble solids content and length of Sagahonoka×Sweet Charlie cross combination was significantly positive correlated,and Toyonoka×Sweet Charlie cross combination was extremely significantly positive correlated.And the correlations between fruit length and width of three cross combinations were extremely significantly positive correlated.
2013, 28(6): 538-540.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.006
Abstract:
Effects of exposure to different light quality(i.e.,white,red,yellow,green or blue)and quantity on the mycelial growth and primordium formation of Sparassis crispawas studied.The result showed that the red light at 200lx was most favorable for the mycelial growth at a rate of 1.32mm.d-1.And the yellow light was most conducive to the primordium formation,as the growth cycle was minimized at 400lx.The information provided a basis for the industrialization of Sparassis crispacultivation.
Effects of exposure to different light quality(i.e.,white,red,yellow,green or blue)and quantity on the mycelial growth and primordium formation of Sparassis crispawas studied.The result showed that the red light at 200lx was most favorable for the mycelial growth at a rate of 1.32mm.d-1.And the yellow light was most conducive to the primordium formation,as the growth cycle was minimized at 400lx.The information provided a basis for the industrialization of Sparassis crispacultivation.
2013, 28(6): 541-544.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.007
Abstract:
In vitro culture technique of Fujian wild grapes was studied by using the stem-segment with node as explants.The results showed that their axillary buds could be induced in MS medium supplemented with 2.0mg.L-1 BA and 0.2mg.L-1 NAA,in which the induction rate was 72.2%.Considering multiplication coefficient and plantlet quality comprehensively,the medium MS or 1/2MS added with 2.0mg.L-1 BA and 0.2mg.L-1 NAA was the best for the proliferation of fascicular gemma with the propagation coefficient over than 3.0.For in vitro germplasm conservation of Fujian wild grape plantlets,the suitable medium was MS with 0.1mg.L-1 NAA and the plastochrone of subculture were about 5to 6mouths.Consequently,the growth ability of plantlets could be maintained vigorously.
In vitro culture technique of Fujian wild grapes was studied by using the stem-segment with node as explants.The results showed that their axillary buds could be induced in MS medium supplemented with 2.0mg.L-1 BA and 0.2mg.L-1 NAA,in which the induction rate was 72.2%.Considering multiplication coefficient and plantlet quality comprehensively,the medium MS or 1/2MS added with 2.0mg.L-1 BA and 0.2mg.L-1 NAA was the best for the proliferation of fascicular gemma with the propagation coefficient over than 3.0.For in vitro germplasm conservation of Fujian wild grape plantlets,the suitable medium was MS with 0.1mg.L-1 NAA and the plastochrone of subculture were about 5to 6mouths.Consequently,the growth ability of plantlets could be maintained vigorously.
2013, 28(6): 545-551.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.008
Abstract:
Volatiles in Guifei loquat flowers were extracted by the conventional steam distillation method,and subsequently,separated using GC followed by the structure identification by MS.A total of 56,61and 48 chemicals,constituting 96.27%,94.73%,and 96.08% of the total,respectively,were obtained from three extraction stages in their 1∶1water solutions.Twenty-five of the chemicals were commonly existed in all three extracts.The majority of the volatiles in the first-and second-stage extracts was aldehydes(70.19%and 60.03%,respectively)with benzaldehyde in the greatest amounts(56.01% and 50.22%,respectively).Of the volatiles in the third-stage extract,45.14% were esters and 22.28%alcohols,and the single chemical in the greatest quantity,as much as 20.4%,was l-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate.The results obtained should be useful for the development of essential oil extraction from loquat flowers.
Volatiles in Guifei loquat flowers were extracted by the conventional steam distillation method,and subsequently,separated using GC followed by the structure identification by MS.A total of 56,61and 48 chemicals,constituting 96.27%,94.73%,and 96.08% of the total,respectively,were obtained from three extraction stages in their 1∶1water solutions.Twenty-five of the chemicals were commonly existed in all three extracts.The majority of the volatiles in the first-and second-stage extracts was aldehydes(70.19%and 60.03%,respectively)with benzaldehyde in the greatest amounts(56.01% and 50.22%,respectively).Of the volatiles in the third-stage extract,45.14% were esters and 22.28%alcohols,and the single chemical in the greatest quantity,as much as 20.4%,was l-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate.The results obtained should be useful for the development of essential oil extraction from loquat flowers.
2013, 28(6): 552-556.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.009
Abstract:
Aromatics of 10varieties of Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra Sieb.et Zucc),including Ruansianhaibian,Fugongyihao and Dongkui,were studied.Using GC-MS,141compounds were identified.Shenhongzhong was found to contain the most number of the aromatic components,i.e.,24,while Ruansianhaibian and Baxiandao the least,i.e.,12.Paraffins and olefins were the majority chemicals found in the 10chinese bayberry varieties.lcaryophyllene appeared to be the characteristic component,and it was the only substance present in all 10cultivars.The significant compositional differences among these varieties could be attributed to the varied genetic factors as well as cultivation conditions.
Aromatics of 10varieties of Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra Sieb.et Zucc),including Ruansianhaibian,Fugongyihao and Dongkui,were studied.Using GC-MS,141compounds were identified.Shenhongzhong was found to contain the most number of the aromatic components,i.e.,24,while Ruansianhaibian and Baxiandao the least,i.e.,12.Paraffins and olefins were the majority chemicals found in the 10chinese bayberry varieties.lcaryophyllene appeared to be the characteristic component,and it was the only substance present in all 10cultivars.The significant compositional differences among these varieties could be attributed to the varied genetic factors as well as cultivation conditions.
2013, 28(6): 557-560.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.010
Abstract:
Plant growth,fruit yield and disease susceptibility of the lemon trees from seedlings of selected virus-free and common varieties were monitored for 6years.It was found that the virus-free variety had higher crowns,by 1.9%to 17.75%,and the diameter of its graft-set interface 1.81%to 24.61%greater than the common variety.In the third year,the per hectare fruit yield of the virus-free lemon trees was higher than its counterpart,but the difference was not significant.However,the difference became significantly higher at 24.70% to 36.24% afterward.And,the common lemon variety showed a continuous decline on fruit yield in the 5th and 6th year.In addition,they were infected with exocortis and tristeza diseases in the second year.After the 3rd year,the infection rates of exocortis were 9.5%-30.3%,and tristeza 4.5%-14.0%.
Plant growth,fruit yield and disease susceptibility of the lemon trees from seedlings of selected virus-free and common varieties were monitored for 6years.It was found that the virus-free variety had higher crowns,by 1.9%to 17.75%,and the diameter of its graft-set interface 1.81%to 24.61%greater than the common variety.In the third year,the per hectare fruit yield of the virus-free lemon trees was higher than its counterpart,but the difference was not significant.However,the difference became significantly higher at 24.70% to 36.24% afterward.And,the common lemon variety showed a continuous decline on fruit yield in the 5th and 6th year.In addition,they were infected with exocortis and tristeza diseases in the second year.After the 3rd year,the infection rates of exocortis were 9.5%-30.3%,and tristeza 4.5%-14.0%.
2013, 28(6): 561-565.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.011
Abstract:
Selected biological characteristics of Pleurotus centralis Yu,Chen Yao,sp.nov.ined.2012,collected from the natural forest located in Putian,Fujian Province.The results showed that the range of temperature for the growth of P.centralis was 10~35℃,and the optimum was 25℃;the range of temperature for mycelial growth was 10~35℃,the optimum was 25℃;the lethal temperature for the spores and the mycelium was 45℃ 25min and 50℃15min.The mycelial growth of P.centralis could go under the range of pH 4~10,the optimum being 6.Sucrose,lactose,soluble starch,glucose,fructose and maltose were suitable for the mycelia growth and maltose was the best.Beef anointed,peptone,yeast extract,NH4NO3,KNO3and NH4Cl could be used as nitrogen sources and peptone was the best.For the mycelial growth of P.centralis,the range of C/N was 15:1~60:1,and the C/N of 25:1~35:1was the most suitable.The fruit body formation need illumination;the difference is not remarkable between the continuous illumination and alternation of dark(12h)and illumination(12h).But the fruit body could not form under absolute darkness.
Selected biological characteristics of Pleurotus centralis Yu,Chen Yao,sp.nov.ined.2012,collected from the natural forest located in Putian,Fujian Province.The results showed that the range of temperature for the growth of P.centralis was 10~35℃,and the optimum was 25℃;the range of temperature for mycelial growth was 10~35℃,the optimum was 25℃;the lethal temperature for the spores and the mycelium was 45℃ 25min and 50℃15min.The mycelial growth of P.centralis could go under the range of pH 4~10,the optimum being 6.Sucrose,lactose,soluble starch,glucose,fructose and maltose were suitable for the mycelia growth and maltose was the best.Beef anointed,peptone,yeast extract,NH4NO3,KNO3and NH4Cl could be used as nitrogen sources and peptone was the best.For the mycelial growth of P.centralis,the range of C/N was 15:1~60:1,and the C/N of 25:1~35:1was the most suitable.The fruit body formation need illumination;the difference is not remarkable between the continuous illumination and alternation of dark(12h)and illumination(12h).But the fruit body could not form under absolute darkness.
2013, 28(6): 566-569.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.012
Abstract:
‘Mingyan 4’is a newly bred cucumber variety by Sanming academy of Agricultural Sciences with Shaxian local cucumber as female parent and‘B-38’introduced from Guangdong as male parent.‘Mingyan 4’showes following advantages:early maturity,high yield,strong branches,high continuous fruiting rate,deep-green peel,bright-green and tasty flesh,good flavor,and high commercial value.The whole growth period of‘Mingyan 4’is 130d,yields 61 399.5-83 047.5kg.hm-2,increasing by 7.6%-48.1%compared to the control‘Zhongnong 8’ when tested in plots,variety comparison and field from 2007to 2010
‘Mingyan 4’is a newly bred cucumber variety by Sanming academy of Agricultural Sciences with Shaxian local cucumber as female parent and‘B-38’introduced from Guangdong as male parent.‘Mingyan 4’showes following advantages:early maturity,high yield,strong branches,high continuous fruiting rate,deep-green peel,bright-green and tasty flesh,good flavor,and high commercial value.The whole growth period of‘Mingyan 4’is 130d,yields 61 399.5-83 047.5kg.hm-2,increasing by 7.6%-48.1%compared to the control‘Zhongnong 8’ when tested in plots,variety comparison and field from 2007to 2010
2013, 28(6): 570-574.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.013
Abstract:
To probe into the biocontrol mechanism of Bacillus subtilis strain CS16and develop effective biocontrol agents,the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),phenylalanine(PAL)andβ-1,3-glucanase of banana were characterized after being inoculated with fermented liquid of CS16and its cell-free culture supernatant.The results showed that inoculated with fermented liquid of CS16and its cell-free culture supernatant will increase the activities of PPO,POD,SOD,PAL andβ-1,3-glucanase in banana leaves,and the increase activities induced by fermented liquid of CS16is better.Our results suggested that Bacillus subtilis strain CS16and its extracellular metabolites could induce disease resistance of banana seedling,and the induced systemic resistance is one of the biocontrol mechanisms of the strain CS16against Banana vasicular wilt.
To probe into the biocontrol mechanism of Bacillus subtilis strain CS16and develop effective biocontrol agents,the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),phenylalanine(PAL)andβ-1,3-glucanase of banana were characterized after being inoculated with fermented liquid of CS16and its cell-free culture supernatant.The results showed that inoculated with fermented liquid of CS16and its cell-free culture supernatant will increase the activities of PPO,POD,SOD,PAL andβ-1,3-glucanase in banana leaves,and the increase activities induced by fermented liquid of CS16is better.Our results suggested that Bacillus subtilis strain CS16and its extracellular metabolites could induce disease resistance of banana seedling,and the induced systemic resistance is one of the biocontrol mechanisms of the strain CS16against Banana vasicular wilt.
2013, 28(6): 575-579.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.014
Abstract:
Toxicity of 6fungicides and co-toxicities between procymidone and thiram on Botrytis cinerea were determined by measuring the growth rate of mycelia,and the control efficiency of 7fungicides against grey mould of tomato in the field were also studied.The results showed that chlorothalonil,iprodione and procymidone have higher toxicity to the fungus,and chlorothalonil has the best toxicity(EC50=0.516 6mg.L-1).The synergism between procymidone and thiram with different mixing ratios(5∶1,1∶3and 1∶5)were 121.44,124.22and 128.46indicated by CTCs respectively.Furthermore,the field control efficacy of pocymidone 50% WP(562.5 g.hm-2),picoxystrobin 25%SC(112.5g.hm-2),boscalid 50%WG(300g.hm-2)were all above 75%.
Toxicity of 6fungicides and co-toxicities between procymidone and thiram on Botrytis cinerea were determined by measuring the growth rate of mycelia,and the control efficiency of 7fungicides against grey mould of tomato in the field were also studied.The results showed that chlorothalonil,iprodione and procymidone have higher toxicity to the fungus,and chlorothalonil has the best toxicity(EC50=0.516 6mg.L-1).The synergism between procymidone and thiram with different mixing ratios(5∶1,1∶3and 1∶5)were 121.44,124.22and 128.46indicated by CTCs respectively.Furthermore,the field control efficacy of pocymidone 50% WP(562.5 g.hm-2),picoxystrobin 25%SC(112.5g.hm-2),boscalid 50%WG(300g.hm-2)were all above 75%.
2013, 28(6): 580-583.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.015
Abstract:
The toxicities of 19fungicides and the mixture difenoconazole validamycin A against Ustilaginoidea virens were tested in laboratory by detecting mycelial growth rate,and eight fungicides with better efficacy were selected to test in fields.The results showed that propiconazole,trifloxystrobin,prochloraz,tebuconazole,picoxystrobin,azoxystrobin and difenoconazole had stronger inhibition on mycelial growth,and the EC50values were 0.025 4,0.032 8,0.041 8,0.045 1,0.082 6,0.100 1and 0.148 2mg.L-1,respectively.The mixture of difenoconazole and validamycin A combined with the ratio of 1∶2had obvious efficiency on Ustilaginoidea virens,with the 174.78 and the EC500.226 3 mg.L-1.Field tests revealed that 43% tebuconazole SC,25% azoxystrobin SC,25% prochloraz EC,8% validamycin A 4%difenoconazole WP and 25% propiconazole EC had better control effect,which were 83.27%,82.76%,82.73%,80.66%and 80.35%,respectively.
The toxicities of 19fungicides and the mixture difenoconazole validamycin A against Ustilaginoidea virens were tested in laboratory by detecting mycelial growth rate,and eight fungicides with better efficacy were selected to test in fields.The results showed that propiconazole,trifloxystrobin,prochloraz,tebuconazole,picoxystrobin,azoxystrobin and difenoconazole had stronger inhibition on mycelial growth,and the EC50values were 0.025 4,0.032 8,0.041 8,0.045 1,0.082 6,0.100 1and 0.148 2mg.L-1,respectively.The mixture of difenoconazole and validamycin A combined with the ratio of 1∶2had obvious efficiency on Ustilaginoidea virens,with the 174.78 and the EC500.226 3 mg.L-1.Field tests revealed that 43% tebuconazole SC,25% azoxystrobin SC,25% prochloraz EC,8% validamycin A 4%difenoconazole WP and 25% propiconazole EC had better control effect,which were 83.27%,82.76%,82.73%,80.66%and 80.35%,respectively.
2013, 28(6): 584-588.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.016
Abstract:
Phosphofructokinase(PFK)is one of the important regulatory enzymes in the Embden Meyerhof Parnas pathway.The PFK gene(pfkA)was cloned from the wine-brewing Aspergillus oryzae,CICC2012.It was subsequently sequenced and submitted to Genbank(accession number:KC113503.1)for verification.The sequence analysis revealed that pfkA was 2,722bp in length containing two introns,and 2,358bp long with an open reading frame encoding 785amino acids.The PFK was a hydrophilic protein containing two family signatures with a molecular weight of 86.0kD and an isoelectric point of 6.38.Its secondary structure consisted of 42.68% α-helix,14.27%β-folding and 43.06% random coil.The 3Dhomology model showed two(i.e.,N-and C-terminal) domains with the substrate,fructose-6-phosphate,bound to the N-terminal domain.The phylogenetic tree indicated pfkA′s close relationship with PFKs from other filamentous fungi.
Phosphofructokinase(PFK)is one of the important regulatory enzymes in the Embden Meyerhof Parnas pathway.The PFK gene(pfkA)was cloned from the wine-brewing Aspergillus oryzae,CICC2012.It was subsequently sequenced and submitted to Genbank(accession number:KC113503.1)for verification.The sequence analysis revealed that pfkA was 2,722bp in length containing two introns,and 2,358bp long with an open reading frame encoding 785amino acids.The PFK was a hydrophilic protein containing two family signatures with a molecular weight of 86.0kD and an isoelectric point of 6.38.Its secondary structure consisted of 42.68% α-helix,14.27%β-folding and 43.06% random coil.The 3Dhomology model showed two(i.e.,N-and C-terminal) domains with the substrate,fructose-6-phosphate,bound to the N-terminal domain.The phylogenetic tree indicated pfkA′s close relationship with PFKs from other filamentous fungi.
2013, 28(6): 589-592.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.017
Abstract:
Polysaccharide is one of the active ingredients extracted fromradix pseudostellariae.In this study,the solid-liquid ratio,temperature,extracting duration and times in crude polysaccharide extraction of radix pseudostellariae were investigated by hot water bath,using both the single-factor test and L9(34)orthogonal test.The results showed that the optimum parameters for extraction were with the ratio of solid to liquid 1∶20,extracting temperature 100℃,reflux extraction time 90min and extraction for 3times.The deproteinization effects were compared among three methods,the Sevag reagent,trichloroacetic acid,and trichloroacetic acid-butyl alcohol,and the results presented that trichloroacetic acid-butyl alcohol was the best for deproteinization,with 81.2% crued polysacchsrides and 9.93% protein,indicating that the deproteinization rate was 60.14%.
Polysaccharide is one of the active ingredients extracted fromradix pseudostellariae.In this study,the solid-liquid ratio,temperature,extracting duration and times in crude polysaccharide extraction of radix pseudostellariae were investigated by hot water bath,using both the single-factor test and L9(34)orthogonal test.The results showed that the optimum parameters for extraction were with the ratio of solid to liquid 1∶20,extracting temperature 100℃,reflux extraction time 90min and extraction for 3times.The deproteinization effects were compared among three methods,the Sevag reagent,trichloroacetic acid,and trichloroacetic acid-butyl alcohol,and the results presented that trichloroacetic acid-butyl alcohol was the best for deproteinization,with 81.2% crued polysacchsrides and 9.93% protein,indicating that the deproteinization rate was 60.14%.
2013, 28(6): 593-596.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.018
Abstract:
The fermentation conditions for generating alcohol from cassava starch were studied in this experiment using alcohol concentration as index.The single factors used in fermentation were carried out on reaction time,temperature,pH,nitrogen source,additive dosage of ammonium sulfate and yeast.The results showed that with reacting time 72to 84h,temperature 35to 40℃,pH 4.5to 5.0,ammonium sulfate 1.0%to 1.2%and yeast 10% to 15%,the alcohol generating of cassava starch revealed the best efficiency.By orthogonal experiment,the optimum fermentation conditions were determined as adding 1.2%ammonium sulfate and 15%yeast,fermenting at 40℃for 84h;of which the alcohol concentration and the yield of liquor reached to 11.16%(V/V)and 52.19%,respectively.
The fermentation conditions for generating alcohol from cassava starch were studied in this experiment using alcohol concentration as index.The single factors used in fermentation were carried out on reaction time,temperature,pH,nitrogen source,additive dosage of ammonium sulfate and yeast.The results showed that with reacting time 72to 84h,temperature 35to 40℃,pH 4.5to 5.0,ammonium sulfate 1.0%to 1.2%and yeast 10% to 15%,the alcohol generating of cassava starch revealed the best efficiency.By orthogonal experiment,the optimum fermentation conditions were determined as adding 1.2%ammonium sulfate and 15%yeast,fermenting at 40℃for 84h;of which the alcohol concentration and the yield of liquor reached to 11.16%(V/V)and 52.19%,respectively.
2013, 28(6): 597-603.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.019
Abstract:
The bacterial community and diversity were revealed by using PCR-DGGE technique,which were associated with biogas slurry of up-flow intelligent biogas digester.The results showed that the majority genus of bacteria were Empedobacter sp.,Thermomonas sp.,Duganellasp.,Gordoniasp.,Bacillus sp.,Bacteroidetes bacteriumand anaerobic bacterium.The sequences of 16SrDNA predominant bands in DGGE were compared with NCBI database.The results showed that the bacterial community was abundant in up-flow intelligent biogas digester,but its community structure was changed variously with fermentation time phases and fermentation layer phases in intelligent biogas digester.The most of predominant bacterial genus were non-cultural bacteria.The results suggest that the DGGE technique is reliable in applying to analyze microbial diversity in intelligent biogas digester.
The bacterial community and diversity were revealed by using PCR-DGGE technique,which were associated with biogas slurry of up-flow intelligent biogas digester.The results showed that the majority genus of bacteria were Empedobacter sp.,Thermomonas sp.,Duganellasp.,Gordoniasp.,Bacillus sp.,Bacteroidetes bacteriumand anaerobic bacterium.The sequences of 16SrDNA predominant bands in DGGE were compared with NCBI database.The results showed that the bacterial community was abundant in up-flow intelligent biogas digester,but its community structure was changed variously with fermentation time phases and fermentation layer phases in intelligent biogas digester.The most of predominant bacterial genus were non-cultural bacteria.The results suggest that the DGGE technique is reliable in applying to analyze microbial diversity in intelligent biogas digester.
2013, 28(6): 604-608.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.020
Abstract:
By incorporating tourism in farming operation,considerable benefits have been realized for the local economy.Meanwhile,the orchard owners also became increasingly interested in upgrading their information dissemination to improve advertisement effectiveness and gain competitive advantages among competitors.The proposed Utmost Technical Scheme of Information Presentation System（UTSIPS）was designed to substantially increase the displayed information,including orchards’immersive cultivation and geographical location,for the target audience.By using the 3Dpanorama,Sogou Map API and Mashup software,UTSIPS effectively offered an on-line integrated application platform.For instance,the system brought viewers an interactive web experience on Fujian wax apples.The program was characterized by the intuitive displays,simple operation,richly informative content,as well as reliable performance.
By incorporating tourism in farming operation,considerable benefits have been realized for the local economy.Meanwhile,the orchard owners also became increasingly interested in upgrading their information dissemination to improve advertisement effectiveness and gain competitive advantages among competitors.The proposed Utmost Technical Scheme of Information Presentation System（UTSIPS）was designed to substantially increase the displayed information,including orchards’immersive cultivation and geographical location,for the target audience.By using the 3Dpanorama,Sogou Map API and Mashup software,UTSIPS effectively offered an on-line integrated application platform.For instance,the system brought viewers an interactive web experience on Fujian wax apples.The program was characterized by the intuitive displays,simple operation,richly informative content,as well as reliable performance.
2013, 28(6): 609-614.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.021
Abstract:
Artificial intelligence is the forefront of the 21st Century technology development.Using the computer and control sciences, significant social and economic benefits have been realized.Its application to improve the production efficiency and management automation has become an essential task for the agricultural professionals as well.In China, the progress is seen crucial for the modernization and sustainability of its agriculture, and the continual improvements on the high-yield, high-efficiency and high-quality crops.
Artificial intelligence is the forefront of the 21st Century technology development.Using the computer and control sciences, significant social and economic benefits have been realized.Its application to improve the production efficiency and management automation has become an essential task for the agricultural professionals as well.In China, the progress is seen crucial for the modernization and sustainability of its agriculture, and the continual improvements on the high-yield, high-efficiency and high-quality crops.
2013, 28(6): 615-623.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.06.022
Abstract:
Empoasca vitis(Gothe)is one of the most serious pest insects on tea trees in China.In this paper,the advances of Empoasca vitis(Gothe)in the main biological characteristics,ecology and control technology were summarized,including Empoasca vitis dominant specie identification,biology,population dynamics,spatial distribution,genetic differences,communication behavior,different tea varieties adaptability as well as its agricultural control,physical control,biological control and chemical control.The research emphasis of Empoasca vitis Gothe in the future was also proposed.
Empoasca vitis(Gothe)is one of the most serious pest insects on tea trees in China.In this paper,the advances of Empoasca vitis(Gothe)in the main biological characteristics,ecology and control technology were summarized,including Empoasca vitis dominant specie identification,biology,population dynamics,spatial distribution,genetic differences,communication behavior,different tea varieties adaptability as well as its agricultural control,physical control,biological control and chemical control.The research emphasis of Empoasca vitis Gothe in the future was also proposed.
