2013 Vol. 28, No. 3
Display Method:
2013, 28(3): 195-200.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.001
Abstract:
We constructed two trans-linked double T-DNA plant expression vectors by modification of the structure of the double T-DNA,p1300-DMAR-LF-GCMSAGS and p1300-DMAR-LF-GLCMSAGS.They were verified by transgenic rice plants.The results indicated that the selectable marker-free transgenic plants could be obtained.The frequencies of unlinked co-transformants transformed by the trans-linked double T-DNA plant expression vectors were increased from 47.37% and 45.83% to 55.81% and 51.28% compared to those transformed by the cis-linked double T-DNA plant expression vectors,indicated that the efficiency on the selectable marker-free transgenic plant was improved.
We constructed two trans-linked double T-DNA plant expression vectors by modification of the structure of the double T-DNA,p1300-DMAR-LF-GCMSAGS and p1300-DMAR-LF-GLCMSAGS.They were verified by transgenic rice plants.The results indicated that the selectable marker-free transgenic plants could be obtained.The frequencies of unlinked co-transformants transformed by the trans-linked double T-DNA plant expression vectors were increased from 47.37% and 45.83% to 55.81% and 51.28% compared to those transformed by the cis-linked double T-DNA plant expression vectors,indicated that the efficiency on the selectable marker-free transgenic plant was improved.
2013, 28(3): 201-205.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.002
Abstract:
Immune stimulating complex(ISCOMs) is an efficient mucosal delivery system which can induce non-specific immune response.Bovine serum albumin(BSA) was incorporated into ISCOMs(BSA-ISCOMs).Pseudosciaena crocea took diets containing BSA-ISCOMs for 10 d,while the control group took diets containing PBS.At the 15th and 30th day after oral completion,serum was collected for non-specific immune parameters analysis.The results showed that at 15th day after oral completion,SOD,C3 and total protein of the fish feeding BSA-ISCOMs were significantly higher than those of the control fish(P<0.05),and interferon γ of the former was higher than that of the latter,but not significantly(P>0.05),while lysozyme of the former was significantly lower than that of the latter(P<0.05).At 30th day after oral completion,these parameters except lysozyme of the experimental group were not significantly different from the control group(P>0.05).The results of the challenge with Vibrio vulnificus at 30th day after oral completion showed that the cumulative mortality of the control and the experimental group was 100% and 26.7%,respectively,and the relative percent survival(RPS) was 73.3%.So this study indicated that BSA-ISCOMs can induce the immune response and improve the disease resistance of Pseudosciaena crocea.
Immune stimulating complex(ISCOMs) is an efficient mucosal delivery system which can induce non-specific immune response.Bovine serum albumin(BSA) was incorporated into ISCOMs(BSA-ISCOMs).Pseudosciaena crocea took diets containing BSA-ISCOMs for 10 d,while the control group took diets containing PBS.At the 15th and 30th day after oral completion,serum was collected for non-specific immune parameters analysis.The results showed that at 15th day after oral completion,SOD,C3 and total protein of the fish feeding BSA-ISCOMs were significantly higher than those of the control fish(P<0.05),and interferon γ of the former was higher than that of the latter,but not significantly(P>0.05),while lysozyme of the former was significantly lower than that of the latter(P<0.05).At 30th day after oral completion,these parameters except lysozyme of the experimental group were not significantly different from the control group(P>0.05).The results of the challenge with Vibrio vulnificus at 30th day after oral completion showed that the cumulative mortality of the control and the experimental group was 100% and 26.7%,respectively,and the relative percent survival(RPS) was 73.3%.So this study indicated that BSA-ISCOMs can induce the immune response and improve the disease resistance of Pseudosciaena crocea.
2013, 28(3): 206-210.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.003
Abstract:
According to current situation of larval abalone breeding production,an 129-days experiment was conducted to test the effects of microencapsulated diet on the growth of crossbred juvenile abalone.The commercially available powder state abalone formulated diet was used as a control.At the 92th day,the abalone shell length of groupⅠand groupⅡ were significantly higher than those of the control fed with powder state diet(P<0.05);and at the last day,the abalone shell length and the specific growth rate(SGR) of the abalone shell length of groupⅠwere significantly higher than those of the control and groupⅡ,while no significant difference was found between the control and groupⅡ.The survival rate of the juvenile abalone in groupⅠwas two percents higher than others,but the difference was not significant(P> 0.05).The results indicated that the crossbred juvenile abalone fed with microcapsules diet which accounted for 1/3 or 1/9 ration showed various degree of dominant growth.
According to current situation of larval abalone breeding production,an 129-days experiment was conducted to test the effects of microencapsulated diet on the growth of crossbred juvenile abalone.The commercially available powder state abalone formulated diet was used as a control.At the 92th day,the abalone shell length of groupⅠand groupⅡ were significantly higher than those of the control fed with powder state diet(P<0.05);and at the last day,the abalone shell length and the specific growth rate(SGR) of the abalone shell length of groupⅠwere significantly higher than those of the control and groupⅡ,while no significant difference was found between the control and groupⅡ.The survival rate of the juvenile abalone in groupⅠwas two percents higher than others,but the difference was not significant(P> 0.05).The results indicated that the crossbred juvenile abalone fed with microcapsules diet which accounted for 1/3 or 1/9 ration showed various degree of dominant growth.
2013, 28(3): 211-216.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.004
Abstract:
Using 39 Minghui derived lines from indica-japonica cross and 17 indica and japonica parents as materials,the heterotic grouping and the genetic diversity analysis were researched.The result of the cluster analysis with SSR molecular markers was similar to it of the cluster analysis with phenotype on accurately clustering dominant groups.However,the cluster analysis with phenotypic traits did not accurately indicate the relationship between tested materials but SSR markers did it at the molecular level.It suggests that the cluster analysis of SSR molecular markers could be applied to unknown materials in relationship for the heterotic grouping.SSR markers of 221 primer pairs were used to analyze genetic diversity of tested materials.The results showed that,the maximum values of Nei gene diversity index,Shannon diversity index and polymorphism information content(PIC) were all higher in the strains of indica-japonica cross than in parental values.The maximum value of Nei gene diversity index,Shannon diversity index,polymorphism information content(PIC) were 0.819,1.856,0.796 for the strains of indica-japonica cross,respectively,and 0.796,1.677,0.766 for their parents′respectively.It indicated that,by genetic selection,the allelic variation was more abundant in the strains of indica-japonica cross than in the parental.
Using 39 Minghui derived lines from indica-japonica cross and 17 indica and japonica parents as materials,the heterotic grouping and the genetic diversity analysis were researched.The result of the cluster analysis with SSR molecular markers was similar to it of the cluster analysis with phenotype on accurately clustering dominant groups.However,the cluster analysis with phenotypic traits did not accurately indicate the relationship between tested materials but SSR markers did it at the molecular level.It suggests that the cluster analysis of SSR molecular markers could be applied to unknown materials in relationship for the heterotic grouping.SSR markers of 221 primer pairs were used to analyze genetic diversity of tested materials.The results showed that,the maximum values of Nei gene diversity index,Shannon diversity index and polymorphism information content(PIC) were all higher in the strains of indica-japonica cross than in parental values.The maximum value of Nei gene diversity index,Shannon diversity index,polymorphism information content(PIC) were 0.819,1.856,0.796 for the strains of indica-japonica cross,respectively,and 0.796,1.677,0.766 for their parents′respectively.It indicated that,by genetic selection,the allelic variation was more abundant in the strains of indica-japonica cross than in the parental.
2013, 28(3): 217-222.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.005
Abstract:
In order to understand the distribution of protein in plant organs of Fuhua 5 during the pod development,the protein content and component of subunits were analyzed with SDS-PAGE electrophoresis.The results showed that,the number of protein subunits in major organs was differing with the pod development and the number of protein subunits in various organ was following the order of nutleafstem=needlerootshell.The protein components were different among organs with the molecular weight from 32 to 238 Ku;in which,the subunit of 34Ku was displayed in most frequency of various organs.The relative concentrations of total protein subunits in various organs were different.The average relative concentration of nuts was the largest and it of the stem was the smallest.The average relative concentrations of total protein subunits in various organ of Fuhua5 was following the order of nut﹥needle﹥leaf﹥root﹥shell﹥stem.The average relative concentrations of protein subunits were differing between the organs and with different molecular weight.The distribution of relative concentration of protein subunits for root,stem,leaf,fruit,nut and needle was in 0.01-1.84,0.01-1.47,0.02-1.57,0.01-1.94,0.02-1.43 and 0.01-4.59,respectively.In all of protein of two peanut genotypes of root,leaf and nut,except nut80Ku and nut33Ku of Fuhua5,the other subunits were significantly related.Correlation between types of subunits had positive and negative correlation,only positive correlation,only negative significant correlation and single correlation.
In order to understand the distribution of protein in plant organs of Fuhua 5 during the pod development,the protein content and component of subunits were analyzed with SDS-PAGE electrophoresis.The results showed that,the number of protein subunits in major organs was differing with the pod development and the number of protein subunits in various organ was following the order of nutleafstem=needlerootshell.The protein components were different among organs with the molecular weight from 32 to 238 Ku;in which,the subunit of 34Ku was displayed in most frequency of various organs.The relative concentrations of total protein subunits in various organs were different.The average relative concentration of nuts was the largest and it of the stem was the smallest.The average relative concentrations of total protein subunits in various organ of Fuhua5 was following the order of nut﹥needle﹥leaf﹥root﹥shell﹥stem.The average relative concentrations of protein subunits were differing between the organs and with different molecular weight.The distribution of relative concentration of protein subunits for root,stem,leaf,fruit,nut and needle was in 0.01-1.84,0.01-1.47,0.02-1.57,0.01-1.94,0.02-1.43 and 0.01-4.59,respectively.In all of protein of two peanut genotypes of root,leaf and nut,except nut80Ku and nut33Ku of Fuhua5,the other subunits were significantly related.Correlation between types of subunits had positive and negative correlation,only positive correlation,only negative significant correlation and single correlation.
2013, 28(3): 223-226.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.006
Abstract:
Using 20 representative sweet-waxy maize varieties imported from Taiwan,with randomized block design,9 main agronomic characters such like plant height etc,were used for study variation coefficient,correlation analysis and path analysis.The results showed that 9 characters all had different variation,among them barren tip,ear height,yield per plot,and ear rows have bigger variation coefficient,1000-kernel weight and kernel rate have smaller variation coefficient.By correlation analysis indicated yield was highly significant positive correlation with ear length,row grains and kernel rate,and the yield had the greatest correlation coefficient with kernel rate,but negative correlation with plant height,ear height,and barren tip.By path analysis indicated the kernel rate had the biggest direct path coefficient with yield,ear length,ear rows,row grains and plant height had positive direct path coefficients with yield,but 1000-kernel weight,ear height and barren tip had negative direct path coefficients with yield.By trait selection,it is very important to select the largest variability of traits.By varieties selection,should pay attention to the varieties with higher yield,kernel rate,row grains,ear rows and ear length.
Using 20 representative sweet-waxy maize varieties imported from Taiwan,with randomized block design,9 main agronomic characters such like plant height etc,were used for study variation coefficient,correlation analysis and path analysis.The results showed that 9 characters all had different variation,among them barren tip,ear height,yield per plot,and ear rows have bigger variation coefficient,1000-kernel weight and kernel rate have smaller variation coefficient.By correlation analysis indicated yield was highly significant positive correlation with ear length,row grains and kernel rate,and the yield had the greatest correlation coefficient with kernel rate,but negative correlation with plant height,ear height,and barren tip.By path analysis indicated the kernel rate had the biggest direct path coefficient with yield,ear length,ear rows,row grains and plant height had positive direct path coefficients with yield,but 1000-kernel weight,ear height and barren tip had negative direct path coefficients with yield.By trait selection,it is very important to select the largest variability of traits.By varieties selection,should pay attention to the varieties with higher yield,kernel rate,row grains,ear rows and ear length.
2013, 28(3): 227-231.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.007
Abstract:
We established a rapid propagation and leave regeneration system of strawberry with the stem tip culture of the Hongshimei and Fumei1 strawberry.Our results showed that the medium MS+2.0 mg·L-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L-12,4-D has the optimum induction of leaves shoot for Fumei1 and reaches 85.7%.In the contrast,the medium of MS+2.0 mg·L-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L-1 IBA had the optimum induction of leaves shoot for Hongshimei and reached 81.9%.Meanwhile,the medium of MS+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA had better induction and propagation of stem tip and the propagation coefficient reached 8.78.In the end,an effective system of stem tip cultivation,multiplication and propagation technology of the virus-free seedling of strawberry was established.
We established a rapid propagation and leave regeneration system of strawberry with the stem tip culture of the Hongshimei and Fumei1 strawberry.Our results showed that the medium MS+2.0 mg·L-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L-12,4-D has the optimum induction of leaves shoot for Fumei1 and reaches 85.7%.In the contrast,the medium of MS+2.0 mg·L-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L-1 IBA had the optimum induction of leaves shoot for Hongshimei and reached 81.9%.Meanwhile,the medium of MS+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA had better induction and propagation of stem tip and the propagation coefficient reached 8.78.In the end,an effective system of stem tip cultivation,multiplication and propagation technology of the virus-free seedling of strawberry was established.
2013, 28(3): 232-236.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.008
Abstract:
ISSR were used to detect the genetic diversity among 34 strawberry accessions from different countries,to establish genetic tree and reveal the genetic relationships between the varieties.The results showed that eleven ISSR primers produced 79 DNA bands with averaged 7.18 DNA bands each primer pair;in which 59 were polymorphic bands with the ratio of 74.68%.The genetic similarity coefficient between the varieties was 0.71 to 0.99,34 strawberry accessions were classified into 7 groups at similarity coefficient of 0.75.The results from ISSR molecular markers were correlated obviously with the geographical distribution of the Strawberry accessions.The varieties of "Fualandi" in Fujian and Guangdong province with "Sweet Charlie" in American were proved to be a synonym.
ISSR were used to detect the genetic diversity among 34 strawberry accessions from different countries,to establish genetic tree and reveal the genetic relationships between the varieties.The results showed that eleven ISSR primers produced 79 DNA bands with averaged 7.18 DNA bands each primer pair;in which 59 were polymorphic bands with the ratio of 74.68%.The genetic similarity coefficient between the varieties was 0.71 to 0.99,34 strawberry accessions were classified into 7 groups at similarity coefficient of 0.75.The results from ISSR molecular markers were correlated obviously with the geographical distribution of the Strawberry accessions.The varieties of "Fualandi" in Fujian and Guangdong province with "Sweet Charlie" in American were proved to be a synonym.
2013, 28(3): 237-240.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.009
Abstract:
The content of sorbitol,sucrose,fructose and glucose in loquat were investigated for the cultivars 'Zaozhong 6','Guifei' and 'Jiefangzhong' during fruit development.The results showed that the content of sorbitol was significantly higher than that of sucrose,fructose and glucose for all three loquat cultivars during slow growing period of 40-80 days after full bloom(DAFB),and then decreased fast in speedy growing period(80-140 DAFB).The content of sucrose,fructose and glucose were slowly accumulated during slow growing and early speedy growing phase(80110 DAFB),then accumulated rapidly after 110 DAFB with a clear turning point.At maturation,the sugar with high proportion in loquat cultivar for 'Zaozhong 6','Guifei','Jiefangzhong' was as sucrose,fructose and glucose,fructose,respectively.
The content of sorbitol,sucrose,fructose and glucose in loquat were investigated for the cultivars 'Zaozhong 6','Guifei' and 'Jiefangzhong' during fruit development.The results showed that the content of sorbitol was significantly higher than that of sucrose,fructose and glucose for all three loquat cultivars during slow growing period of 40-80 days after full bloom(DAFB),and then decreased fast in speedy growing period(80-140 DAFB).The content of sucrose,fructose and glucose were slowly accumulated during slow growing and early speedy growing phase(80110 DAFB),then accumulated rapidly after 110 DAFB with a clear turning point.At maturation,the sugar with high proportion in loquat cultivar for 'Zaozhong 6','Guifei','Jiefangzhong' was as sucrose,fructose and glucose,fructose,respectively.
2013, 28(3): 241-244.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.010
Abstract:
To screen asparagus varieties which have resistance to stem blight and good agronomic traits in seedling period,nine asparagus varieties were tested.Our results showed that Xinwangchao F1,Jinglvlu No.1 and SD 09-6 are resistant to stem blight disease,and the germination rate of Xinwangchao F1,De Paoli F1,Green Tower and UC157 F2 are higher and reach 85.33%.Meanwhile,the agronomic characters of Xinwangchao F1,Jinglvlu No.1,TC,SD 09-6 and UC157 F2 were the best.
To screen asparagus varieties which have resistance to stem blight and good agronomic traits in seedling period,nine asparagus varieties were tested.Our results showed that Xinwangchao F1,Jinglvlu No.1 and SD 09-6 are resistant to stem blight disease,and the germination rate of Xinwangchao F1,De Paoli F1,Green Tower and UC157 F2 are higher and reach 85.33%.Meanwhile,the agronomic characters of Xinwangchao F1,Jinglvlu No.1,TC,SD 09-6 and UC157 F2 were the best.
2013, 28(3): 245-248.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.011
Abstract:
In oder to control Phytophthora blight of soyben by new biological pesticides,the bioactivity of Shenqimycin against different stages of Phytophthora sojae was investigated in vitro.The results showed that Shenqinmycin could inhibit mycelia growth,zoospores release and germination with the effective concentration(EC50) values of 2.043 6,230.370 1 and 0.726 5 μg·mL-1 respectively,but have no effect on sporangia production.These findings suggest that Shenqinmycin can obviously inhibit the growth of P.sojae in vitro and have high potential for controlling of Phytophthora blight in soyben.
In oder to control Phytophthora blight of soyben by new biological pesticides,the bioactivity of Shenqimycin against different stages of Phytophthora sojae was investigated in vitro.The results showed that Shenqinmycin could inhibit mycelia growth,zoospores release and germination with the effective concentration(EC50) values of 2.043 6,230.370 1 and 0.726 5 μg·mL-1 respectively,but have no effect on sporangia production.These findings suggest that Shenqinmycin can obviously inhibit the growth of P.sojae in vitro and have high potential for controlling of Phytophthora blight in soyben.
2013, 28(3): 249-261.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.012
Abstract:
Bacillus is widespread around the world and mainly found in the soil and on the surface of plants and animals.We obtained 27 Bacillus isolates from selfheal and its rhizosphere soil using dilution plating technique in Wuyi mountain and then identified these strains by 16S rDNA sequencing to know the diversity of Bacillus inside the selfheal and its rhizosphere soil and enrich Bacillus distribution.Our results showed that 27 strains were classified into 14 Bacillus species and two strains may be new Bacillus species,suggesting that there was a diversity of Bacillus species in selfheal and its rhizosphere soil,and it enriched the study of the endogenous Bacillus in the medicinal plant.
Bacillus is widespread around the world and mainly found in the soil and on the surface of plants and animals.We obtained 27 Bacillus isolates from selfheal and its rhizosphere soil using dilution plating technique in Wuyi mountain and then identified these strains by 16S rDNA sequencing to know the diversity of Bacillus inside the selfheal and its rhizosphere soil and enrich Bacillus distribution.Our results showed that 27 strains were classified into 14 Bacillus species and two strains may be new Bacillus species,suggesting that there was a diversity of Bacillus species in selfheal and its rhizosphere soil,and it enriched the study of the endogenous Bacillus in the medicinal plant.
2013, 28(3): 262-267.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.013
Abstract:
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different soil pyrene contents on the growth of ryegrass root and stem-leaf and the activities of dehydrogenase,hydrogen peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in rhizospheric soil,and meanwhile the ryegrass phytoremediation for pyrene contaminated soil was investigated.The results showed that the fresh weight of ryegrass root increased at 40 d and 60 d as the pyrene content increasing.The stem-leaf fresh weight of ryegrass decreased at 60 d.The fresh weight ratio of root to the whole plant rose during growth and significantly increased at 40 d and 60 d.The dehydrogenase activities in rhizospheric soil of ryegrass increased as growing and declined as pyrene content increasing during experiment,especially treated by 20,40 mg·kg-1 pyrene.The hydrogen peroxidase activities were significantly higher than control under 100、200、400 mg·kg-1 pyrene stress at 40 d.When treated by 400 mg kg-1 pyrene in test,The polyphenol oxidase activities were higher than other treatments with very significant level.The content of extractable pyrene was lower in the ryegrass pots than in CK(pots without ryegrass and pots without both plant and bacteria).Plant absorption made few loss of pyrene.The pyrene loss rate of rhizospheric soil decreased significantly as the pyrene content increasing.The phytoremediation of pyrene contaminated soil by ryegrass was more complete with less content of pyrene in soil.
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different soil pyrene contents on the growth of ryegrass root and stem-leaf and the activities of dehydrogenase,hydrogen peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in rhizospheric soil,and meanwhile the ryegrass phytoremediation for pyrene contaminated soil was investigated.The results showed that the fresh weight of ryegrass root increased at 40 d and 60 d as the pyrene content increasing.The stem-leaf fresh weight of ryegrass decreased at 60 d.The fresh weight ratio of root to the whole plant rose during growth and significantly increased at 40 d and 60 d.The dehydrogenase activities in rhizospheric soil of ryegrass increased as growing and declined as pyrene content increasing during experiment,especially treated by 20,40 mg·kg-1 pyrene.The hydrogen peroxidase activities were significantly higher than control under 100、200、400 mg·kg-1 pyrene stress at 40 d.When treated by 400 mg kg-1 pyrene in test,The polyphenol oxidase activities were higher than other treatments with very significant level.The content of extractable pyrene was lower in the ryegrass pots than in CK(pots without ryegrass and pots without both plant and bacteria).Plant absorption made few loss of pyrene.The pyrene loss rate of rhizospheric soil decreased significantly as the pyrene content increasing.The phytoremediation of pyrene contaminated soil by ryegrass was more complete with less content of pyrene in soil.
2013, 28(3): 268-273.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.014
Abstract:
The influence of waterlogging stress on agronomical and physiological characteristics in flue-cured tobacco at the root extending stage were studied with cultivar yunyan87 under pot experiment with volcanic ash and paddy field soil from Yunnan Province.The results showed that in the same degree of waterlogging stress,agronomical characteristics and root growth of the flue-cured tobacco grown in volcanic soil suffered the adverse effects less than flue-cured tobacco grown in paddy field soil,the suppression suffered serious degree proportional to the stress level.The root activity of two soils is inhibited,but it is no significant difference.Chlorophyll content and NR activity are volcanic ash soil grown flue-cured tobacco higher,but is inversely proportional to the degree of NR activity suppression suffered by the degree of stress.
The influence of waterlogging stress on agronomical and physiological characteristics in flue-cured tobacco at the root extending stage were studied with cultivar yunyan87 under pot experiment with volcanic ash and paddy field soil from Yunnan Province.The results showed that in the same degree of waterlogging stress,agronomical characteristics and root growth of the flue-cured tobacco grown in volcanic soil suffered the adverse effects less than flue-cured tobacco grown in paddy field soil,the suppression suffered serious degree proportional to the stress level.The root activity of two soils is inhibited,but it is no significant difference.Chlorophyll content and NR activity are volcanic ash soil grown flue-cured tobacco higher,but is inversely proportional to the degree of NR activity suppression suffered by the degree of stress.
2013, 28(3): 274-277.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.015
Abstract:
To study the changes on the hardness and cell wall substances of loquat fruit,50-60 mg·L-1 exogenous ethylene gas was applied to treat 'Zaozhong No.6′loquat fruit.The fruits were preserved at low temperature after treatment and the microstructure analysis of pulp tissue was conducted.The results showed that exogenous ethylene treatment repressed the fruits in developing of hardness,decreasing of water-soluble pectin and fibering synthesis,but not affected total pectin in the fruits.After 20 days and 30 days preservation,hardness of fruits in treatment group increased by 35.9% and 57.8%,respectively,in contrast,that of control group increased by 62.5% and 90.0% respectively.40 days later,fruit hardness of two groups tended to be similar to each other.On the 40th day,the water-soluble pectin of fruits in treated group was 57.4% of that before the preservation,and in control group,it was 48.5% of that without preservation.The crude fiber content of fruits was 0.6 g·kg-1 more in control group than in treatment group.The observations of microscope on pulp cell microstructure agreed with the results.
To study the changes on the hardness and cell wall substances of loquat fruit,50-60 mg·L-1 exogenous ethylene gas was applied to treat 'Zaozhong No.6′loquat fruit.The fruits were preserved at low temperature after treatment and the microstructure analysis of pulp tissue was conducted.The results showed that exogenous ethylene treatment repressed the fruits in developing of hardness,decreasing of water-soluble pectin and fibering synthesis,but not affected total pectin in the fruits.After 20 days and 30 days preservation,hardness of fruits in treatment group increased by 35.9% and 57.8%,respectively,in contrast,that of control group increased by 62.5% and 90.0% respectively.40 days later,fruit hardness of two groups tended to be similar to each other.On the 40th day,the water-soluble pectin of fruits in treated group was 57.4% of that before the preservation,and in control group,it was 48.5% of that without preservation.The crude fiber content of fruits was 0.6 g·kg-1 more in control group than in treatment group.The observations of microscope on pulp cell microstructure agreed with the results.
2013, 28(3): 278-282.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.016
Abstract:
In order to improve processing techniques for instant Lentinus edodes,effects of water temperature on dipping dried Lentinus edodes were studied;the parameters in microwave for co-sterilization of boiling water were optimized with response surface method.The results showed that the best in texture and flavors with reduced losing in polysaccharide and protein of mushroom was obtained when dipping dried mushroom in water at 90℃ for 15 min.The optimized parameters for microwave co-sterilization of dipping mushroom were that microwave time 103 s,transmitting power 3.7 W·g-1 and boiling water processing 21 min.This improvement in processing techniques would enhance the quality of instant Lentinus edodes and to promote the development in instant mushroom production.
In order to improve processing techniques for instant Lentinus edodes,effects of water temperature on dipping dried Lentinus edodes were studied;the parameters in microwave for co-sterilization of boiling water were optimized with response surface method.The results showed that the best in texture and flavors with reduced losing in polysaccharide and protein of mushroom was obtained when dipping dried mushroom in water at 90℃ for 15 min.The optimized parameters for microwave co-sterilization of dipping mushroom were that microwave time 103 s,transmitting power 3.7 W·g-1 and boiling water processing 21 min.This improvement in processing techniques would enhance the quality of instant Lentinus edodes and to promote the development in instant mushroom production.
Application of HACCP Principle in Loquat Vinegar Fermentation and Loquat Vinegar Beverage Production
2013, 28(3): 283-286.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.017
Abstract:
According to the processing characteristics for loquat vinegar beverage,we discussed the application of HACCP(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) system in the vinegar beverage production and analyzed the hazards in the production technology.In the end,we ascertained the critical control points of each technical flow and adopted feasible ways to enhance sanitary quality and safety of loquat vinegar beverage.
According to the processing characteristics for loquat vinegar beverage,we discussed the application of HACCP(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) system in the vinegar beverage production and analyzed the hazards in the production technology.In the end,we ascertained the critical control points of each technical flow and adopted feasible ways to enhance sanitary quality and safety of loquat vinegar beverage.
2013, 28(3): 287-293.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.018
Abstract:
Changting County is the severe soil and water loss region in Fujian province.Ecological treatment for about 20 years,the ecological condition in Changting County has been improved prominently.But the environment conditions in the areas soil erosion controlled initially were still fragile,and there were still some serious conflicts between economic development and ecological construction.Based on the analysis of current status and problems existed in Changting County,this paper put forward the ideas to improve soil and water conservation by developing circular agriculture.Finally,countermeasures were proposed to make full use of resources,combine agriculture with animal industry,enrich the red soil fertility,adjust the crop planting structure and protect the ecological environment.
Changting County is the severe soil and water loss region in Fujian province.Ecological treatment for about 20 years,the ecological condition in Changting County has been improved prominently.But the environment conditions in the areas soil erosion controlled initially were still fragile,and there were still some serious conflicts between economic development and ecological construction.Based on the analysis of current status and problems existed in Changting County,this paper put forward the ideas to improve soil and water conservation by developing circular agriculture.Finally,countermeasures were proposed to make full use of resources,combine agriculture with animal industry,enrich the red soil fertility,adjust the crop planting structure and protect the ecological environment.
2013, 28(3): 294-299.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.03.019
Abstract:
With the aim to make further corporation to promote fishery development in Fujian and Taiwan, the article presented how to effectively carry out the construction of Taiwan fishermanPs entrepreneurial park, taking Xiapu County in Ningde as an example. The significances and conditions for the construction of Taiwan fisherman's entrepreneurial park in Xiapu were firstly introduced, followed by the general constructing line. The main contents constructed consisted of piscatorial sci-tech service complex, advanced fishery processing industry integration, logistics and trade zone for cross-strait fishery, low-carbon fishery operating area and the leisure tourism circle of fishery. Finally, the safeguard measurements were proposed to guarantee the construction of entrepreneurial park.
With the aim to make further corporation to promote fishery development in Fujian and Taiwan, the article presented how to effectively carry out the construction of Taiwan fishermanPs entrepreneurial park, taking Xiapu County in Ningde as an example. The significances and conditions for the construction of Taiwan fisherman's entrepreneurial park in Xiapu were firstly introduced, followed by the general constructing line. The main contents constructed consisted of piscatorial sci-tech service complex, advanced fishery processing industry integration, logistics and trade zone for cross-strait fishery, low-carbon fishery operating area and the leisure tourism circle of fishery. Finally, the safeguard measurements were proposed to guarantee the construction of entrepreneurial park.
