稻虱缨小蜂在不同寄主上的适合度

张居念; 连玲; 吴春珠; 董萌; 施龙清; 解振兴; 姜照伟; 占志雄

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.08.011

稻虱缨小蜂在不同寄主上的适合度

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.08.011

福建省农业科学院水稻研究所，福建　福州　350018

基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项（2021R10230010、2023R1065）；福建省自然科学基金项目（2022J01452）

详细信息

作者简介:
张居念（1971 — ），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事水稻害虫的生物防治研究，E-mail：zjn9258@163.com

通讯作者:
占志雄（1964 — ），男，研究员，主要从事昆虫生态与害虫综合治理研究，E-mail：zzx64@sohu.com

中图分类号: S435
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-04
- 修回日期: 2024-05-22
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-13
- 刊出日期: 2024-08-28

Host Selection of Anagrus nilaparvatae

Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350018, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探明繁殖寄主对稻虱缨小蜂生物学特性的影响，为室内大量扩繁稻虱缨小蜂提供理论依据。方法分别以褐飞虱、白背飞虱、灰飞虱和小宽头飞虱为寄主繁殖对应的稻虱缨小蜂品系，比较不同品系稻虱缨小蜂个体大小、体色、怀卵量、寄生力、羽化率、性比和成虫寿命等适合度指标，以及不同品系对寄主的偏好差异。结果以褐飞虱、白背飞虱、灰飞虱和小宽头飞虱为寄主的稻虱缨小蜂品系成虫体长分别为728.03、715.5 、633.17 、509.1 μm，不同品系成虫体长之间存在差异，以褐飞虱和白背飞虱为寄主的品系体长最长，显著长于灰飞虱和小宽头飞虱的品系。不同寄主对稻虱缨小蜂的体色也有影响，以褐飞虱、白背飞虱和灰飞虱为寄主的品系体色呈浅橙色，少数个体呈黄绿色，小宽头飞虱品系体色较深，呈橙红色，无黄绿色个体。不同品系怀卵量分别为：褐飞虱32.93粒、白背飞虱32.97粒、灰飞虱27.47粒和小宽头飞虱11.83粒，除褐飞虱品系与白背飞虱品系的怀卵量之间无显著差异外，不同品系怀卵量之间存在显著差异。不同品系寄生力大小为褐飞虱=白背飞虱＞灰飞虱＞小宽头飞虱。不同品系的羽化率、性比和成虫寿命之间无显著差异。不同品系对寄主的选择为随机，未表现出对某一寄主的偏好。不同品系内禀增长力r_m由大到小分别为褐飞虱0.1531＞白背飞虱0.1482＞灰飞虱0.1307＞小宽头飞虱0.0427。结论以褐飞虱和白背飞虱为寄主的稻虱缨小蜂品系具有怀卵量大、寄生力强、内禀增长力大的优势。褐飞虱和白背飞虱是稻虱缨小蜂扩繁的合适寄主。
- 稻虱缨小蜂 /
- 寄主 /
- 适合度
Abstract: Objective Reproductive biology of Anagrus nilaparvatae strains (Ans) that lay eggs on different pests was studied to determine the best parasitoid/host matches for biocontrol. Method Nilaparvata lugens (Nl),Sogatella furcifera (Sf), Laodelphax striatellus (Ls), and Ishiharodelphax matsuyamensis (Im) were used in an indoor experiment as the hosts to study the reproductive behavior of Ans. Fitness of parasitoid/pest pairings as well as host preference by specific stains of An were determined based upon the size, body color, egg load, parasitism capacity, larva emergence, sex ratio, and lifespan of the wasps. Result The body lengths of different species of adult Ans varied significantly, as it was 728.03 μm for those hosted on Nl (AnNl), 715.5 μm on Sf (AnSf), 633.17 μm on Ls (AnLs), and 509.1 μm on Im(AnIm) . The color of wasp body also varied depending upon the pests they chose to lay eggs on. For instance, AnNl, AnSf, and AnLs were mostly light orange, with a few yellowish green, in color, but all AnIm had dark reddish orange bodies. Significant differences in fecundity existed among the strains as well. The egg counts per female were similar between AnNl at 32.93 and AnSf at 32.97 but 27.47 for AnLs and 11.83 for AnIm. The parasitism of these wasps ranked AnNl or AnSf＞AnLs＞AnIm. On the other hand, no significant differences were detected on the rate of larvae emerged from eggs, male/female ratio, or lifespan of them. Nor was on host selection—they simply deposited eggs randomly based on availability. The intrinsic rate of increase (r_m) of AnNl was the highest at 0.1531 followed by 0.1482 of AnSf, 0.1307 of AnLs, and 0.0427 of AnIm. Conclusion The strains of An that parasited on Nl and Sf had significantly greater egg load, parasitism capability, and r_m than those did on Ls or Im . Hence, they could be the better candidates to be artificially propagated for biocontrol on the pests.
- Anagrus nilaparvatae /
- host /
- fitness

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图 1 不同寄主稻虱缨小蜂品系的幼虫形态特征

A：褐飞虱品系；B：白背飞虱品系；C：灰飞虱品系；D：小宽头飞虱品系。

Figure 1. Morphology of An larvae

A: AnNl；B: AnSf；C: AnLs；D: AnIm.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同寄主稻虱缨小蜂品系的成虫体长

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著（P<0.05）。下同。

Figure 2. Length of adult An body

Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05). Same for below.

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图 3 不同寄主稻虱缨小蜂品系的成虫腹部长度

Figure 3. Length of adult An abdomin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同寄主稻虱缨小蜂品系的怀卵量

Figure 4. Egg load of Ans

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图 5 不同寄主稻虱缨小蜂品系的寄生力

Figure 5. Parasitism capacity of Ans

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图 6 不同寄主卵繁育的稻虱缨小蜂对寄主卵的偏好性

Figure 6. Oviposition preference of Ans emerged from different hosts

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同寄主稻虱缨小蜂品系的羽化率、雌成虫比例和成虫寿命

Table 1. Emergence rate, proportion of female adults, and lifespan of Ans

寄主 Host	羽化率 Eclosion rate/%	雌成虫比例 Female percentages/%	成虫寿命 Adult lifespan/d
褐飞虱 N. lugens	96.34±0.49a	51.48±0.17a	3.03±0.02a
白背飞虱 S. furcifera	96.48±0.40a	51.19±0.16a	3.00±0.03a
灰飞虱 L. striatellus	96.11±0.46a	51.42±0.21a	2.98±0.10a
小宽头飞虱 I. matsuyamensis	96.34±0.47a	51.83±0.37a	3.00±0.11a

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表 2 不同寄主稻虱缨小蜂品系的种群参数

Table 2. Population parameters of Ans

寄主 Host	净增殖率R₀ Net reproductive rate	平均世代周期T Mean generation time/d	内禀增长率r_m Intrinsic rate of increase	周限增长率λ Finite rate of increase
褐飞虱 N. lugens	5.3144	10.91	0.1531	1.1654
白背飞虱 S. furcifera	5.0064	10.87	0.1482	1.1598
灰飞虱 L. striatellus	4.1934	10.96	0.1307	1.1397
小宽头飞虱 I. matsuyamensis	1.5931	10.91	0.0427	1.0436

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