转录组和代谢组联合分析茶树对茶饼病病原菌的防御反应

姚玉仙; 张明泽; 舒烨; 罗福丹; 全昌彬; 刘荣; 向志攀; 梅鑫

转录组和代谢组联合分析茶树对茶饼病病原菌的防御反应

姚玉仙^{1, 2,},
张明泽^{1, 2, ,},
舒烨¹,
罗福丹¹,
全昌彬¹,
刘荣^{1, 2},
向志攀¹,
梅鑫^{1, 2}

1.
黔南民族师范学院生物科学与农学院，贵州　都匀　558000
2.
贵州省高等学校茶树特征性成分研究重点实验室，贵州　都匀　558000

基金项目: 贵州省基础研究（自然科学）项目（黔科合基础〔2020〕1Y120）；贵州省教育厅自然科学基金项目(黔教合KY字〔2019〕211)；贵州省教育厅贵州省高等学校茶树特征性成分研究重点实验室项目（黔教技〔2023〕027号）；贵州省大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S202210670021）

详细信息

作者简介:
姚玉仙（1988 —），女，硕士，讲师，主要从事植物分子生物学研究，E-mail：yaoyuxian0520@126.com

通讯作者:
张明泽（1986 —），男，博士，副教授，主要从事植物分子遗传学研究，E-mail: zhangmingze20@163.com

中图分类号: S435.711
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-14
- 修回日期: 2024-07-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-11

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Tea Leaves in Response to Tea Blister Blight

YAO Yuxian^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Mingze^{1, 2
, ,},
SHU Ye¹,
LUO Fudan¹,
QUAN Changbin¹,
LIU Rong^{1, 2},
XIANG Zhipan¹,
MEI Xin^{1, 2}

1.
College of Biological Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou　558000, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Tea Research for Characteristic Components, Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Duyun, Guizhou　558000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探明茶树对茶饼病菌的抗性分子机制，挖掘抗病相关基因，为茶树抗性育种提供依据。方法通过转录组测序和代谢组分析，比较茶树健康叶片（CK）和感染茶饼病的叶片（TB）中的差异表达基因（DEGs）和差异代谢物（DAMs）。结果转录组数据显示，样品CK和TB之间共有1009个 DEGs；GO 富集分析表明，差异基因参与了细胞壁代谢及调控几丁质酶活性、氧化还原酶活性和木葡聚糖：木葡基转移酶活性；KEGG 代谢途经分析表明，DEGs显著富集在“类黄酮生物合成”“苯丙素生物合成”“氨基糖和核苷糖代谢”“甘油酯代谢”和“芪类，二芳基庚烷和姜酚生物合成”途径；DEGs 中包含47个转录因子，分属21个转录因子家族，主要包括bHLH、SBP、AP2/ERF-AP2和MYB等，这些转录因子可能是茶树抵御茶饼病侵染过程中重要的调控基因。利用广泛靶向代谢组学技术分析，共发现353个DAMs，DAMs主要富集于“类黄酮生物合成”“赖氨酸生物合成”和“丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢”途径。利用转录组联合代谢组分析发现，显著共同富集的途径是“类黄酮生物合成”“苯丙素生物合成”和“芪类，二芳基庚烷和姜酚生物合成”；筛选了与苯丙素类及类黄酮生物合成途径相关的20个DEGs和15个DAMs，其中，CSS0011741（4CL）、CSS0002940（DFR）、CSS0015968（DFR）和CSS0010687（ANS）等DEGs在感病叶中上调表达，根皮素、根皮苷、4-羟基苯乙烯、对香豆酰喹啉酸、二氢杨梅素、表没食子儿茶素和芍药素-3-O葡萄糖苷等DAMs在感病叶中积累。结论 “苯丙素类生物合成”和“类黄酮生物合成”等代谢途径中的 DEGs在茶树响应茶饼病侵染中发挥重要作用，根皮素、根皮苷以及表没食子儿茶素等DAMs可能是茶树抵御茶饼病侵染的重要次生代谢产物。
- 茶饼病 /
- 转录组 /
- 代谢组 /
- 差异表达基因 /
- 差异代谢物
Abstract: Objective To explore the resistance molecular mechanism of tea plants to the pathogen of tea blister blight, and to explore the resistance-related genes, so as to provide a basis for resistance breeding of tea plants. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were compared between healthy leaves (CK) and leaves infected with blister blight disease (TB) by transcriptome sequencing and metabolome analysis. Results Transcriptome data showed that there were 1009 DEGs between CK and TB, and GO enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs were involved in cell wall metabolism and the regulation of chitinase activity, oxidoreductase activity, and xyloglucan:xyloglucanosyltransferase activity. KEGG metabolic pathway analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways of "Flavonoid biosynthesis", "Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis", "Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism", "Glycerolipid metabolism", and "Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis". 47 transcription factors in DEGs belonging to 21 transcription factor families, mainly including bHLH, SBP, AP2/ERF-AP2 and MYB, etc., which may be important regulatory genes in the process of tea plant to blister blight disease. A total of 353 DAMs were identified using widely targeted metabolomics, and the DAMs were mainly enriched in the pathways of "Flavonoid biosynthesis", "Lysine biosynthesis", and "Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism". Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome revealed that the pathways with significant co-enrichment were "Flavonoid biosynthesis", "Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis", "Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis". A total of 20 DEGs and 15 DAMs related to the phenylpropanoids and flavonoids biosynthesis pathways were screened out. Among them, DEGs such as CSS0011741（4CL）、CSS0002940（DFR）、CSS0015968（DFR）and CSS0010687（ANS）were up-regulated in susceptible leaves. DAMs such as phloretin, phlorizin, 4-Hydroxystyrene, p-Coumaroyl quinic acid, dihydromyricetin, epigallocatechin and peonidin 3-O-glucoside were accumulated in susceptible leaves. Conclusion DEGs in the pathways of "Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis" and "Flavonoid biosynthesis" play important roles in the response of tea plant to tea blister blight disease infestation, and DAMs such as phloretin, phlorizin, and epigallocatechin may be important secondary metabolites for tea plant resistance to blister blight disease.
- Exobasidium vexans /
- transciptome /
- metabolome /
- differentially expressed genes (DEGs) /
- differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs)

HTML全文

图 1 样本相关性热图及各样本间的主成分分析

A. 转录组样本相关性热图；B. 转录组各样本间的主成分分析；C. 代谢组样本相关性热图；D. 代谢组各样本间的主成分分析。

Figure 1. Heatmap of the Pearson correlation between samples and principal component analysis plots of samples

A. Heatmap of the Pearson correlation between samples in transcriptome; B. Principal component analysis plots of samples in transcriptome; C. Heatmap of the Pearson correlation between samples in metabolome; D. Principal component analysis plots of samples in metabolome.

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图 2 样品CK和TB中的差异表达基因

Figure 2. Differentially expressed genes in CK vs. TB

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图 3 差异表达基因的GO富集分析

A. 生物学过程；B. 细胞组分；C. 分子功能。

Figure 3. GO enriched analysis of differentially expressed genes

A. Biological process; B. Cellular component; C. Molecular function.

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图 4 差异表达基因的KEGG富集分析

A. KEGG代谢通路分类统计；B. KEGG前20条显著性富集代谢通路。

Figure 4. KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes

A. Classification statistical diagram of KEGG metabolic pathway; B. The top 20 metabolic pathways of KEGG were significantly enriched.

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图 5 茶树感染茶饼病菌后转录因子变化情况

A. 转录因子类别及数量统计；B. 转录因子表达热图。

Figure 5. Changes of transcription factors in tea plants infected with E. vexans

A. Classification and quantity statistics of transcription factors; B. The expression heatmap of transcription factors.

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图 6 CK vs. TB的差异代谢物火山图

Figure 6. Differential metabolite volcano map of CK vs. TB

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图 7 差异代谢物KEGG通路富集分析

Figure 7. Enriched KEGG pathways of differentially metabolites

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图 8 前20个差异代谢物差异倍数柱状图

Figure 8. Histogram of fold change for the first 20 differential metabolites

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图 9 转录-代谢KEGG共有富集通路气泡图

A. Venn 图；B. 代谢通路分析。圆点代表DEGs, 三角形代表DAMs。-lg (P value) 越大，富集可信度越高。

Figure 9. Bubble diagram of enriched pathways shared by transcriptome and metabolome through KEGG analysis

A. Venn diagram; B. Metabolic pathway analysis. Triangles are DEGs and dots are DAMs. The bigger the -lg (P value) is, the more reliable the enrichment is.

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图 10 苯丙素类和类黄酮生物合成途径的关键DEGs和DAMs

流程图中红色方框表示TB中的上调代谢物，绿色方框表示TB中的下调代谢物。

Figure 10. The key DEGs and DAMs of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway

The red boxes in the flow chart represent up-regulated metabolites in TB, and the green boxes represent down-regulated metabolites in TB.

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图 11 部分差异表达基因的qRT-PCR验证分析

“*” 和“**”分别代表CK与TB相比差异显著（P＜0.05）和差异极显著（P＜0.01）。

Figure 11. qRT-PCR verification analysis of partial differentially expressed genes

"*" and "**" represent significant differences (P＜0.05) and extremely significant differences (P＜0.01) between CK and TB, respectively.

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表 1 qRT-PCR基因及引物

Table 1. Genes and primers for qRT-PCR

基因 Gene	正向引物 Forward primer (5'-3')	反向引物 Reverse primer (5'-3')
CSS0007745	CCAAGAGTGTGGAAGGGTATG	CAGAGGGAGGCCAAATCTTATG
CSS0013831	CATTGCTTCTTGGCCCTACTA	TGACAGTGCCATCACCATAAA
CSS0038049	GATGCCATGGCTTATGGATTTG	GACCTATGCGGTAGACAGTTTC
CSS0008562	AGTGCCTCATCAACCATCAC	AGGAAGAAGAAGAGGAGGTAGAG
CSS0042430	GAGACTCAGAGGACTCGAAAGA	CAGACTCGGACGCCTTTATG
CSS0005594	AATATGGGTGCCGGGTATTG	TCTTCTCCTCCGATGGTACTT
CsEF1（KA280301.1）	TTGGACAAGCTCAAGGCTGAACG	ATGGCCAGGAGCATCAATGACAGT

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 样本测序数据的质量控制分析

Table 2. Analysis of quality control for transcriptome sequencing data

样本 Sample	过滤序列 Clean reads	过滤碱基 Clean bases/G	Q20/%	Q30/%	GC含量 GC Content /%	匹配序列（比对效率/%） Mapped reads (Efficiency/%)
CK1	40107608	6.00	98.87	96.51	45.31	35374239 (88.20)
CK2	40805448	6.10	98.72	96.33	45.11	35890315 (87.95)
CK3	40738514	6.10	98.48	95.89	44.84	35837746 (87.97)
TB1	41033002	6.14	98.77	96.24	45.42	36088623 (87.95)
TB2	40766338	6.10	98.87	96.54	45.25	35886380 (88.03)
TB3	41144588	6.16	98.71	96.28	45.21	36124713 (87.80)
总计 Total	244595498	36.59

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表 3 显著差异的黄酮类物质

Table 3. Flavonoids with significant differences

编号 code	代谢物名称 Compound	差异倍数 Fold_change	P值 P-value	变量重要性投影 VIP	差异类型 Type
NEG_q122	二氢杨梅素 Dihydromyricetin	1.10	0.00	1.33	上调 Up
NEG_q260	对香豆酰奎宁酸 P-Coumaroyl quinic Acid	1.22	0.00	1.38
NEG_q264	根皮素 Phloretin	1.56	0.02	1.27
NEG_q265	根皮苷 Phlorizin	1.29	0.04	1.28
POS_q141	(-)-表没食子儿茶素 Epigallocatechin	1.05	0.02	1.29
NEG_q79	芹菜素 Apigenin	0.65	0.01	1.37	下调 Down
NEG_q94	儿茶素没食子酸酯 Catechin Gallate	0.95	0.03	1.30
NEG_q160	没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯 Gallocatechin Gallate	0.95	0.02	1.30
NEG_q145	表儿茶素没食子酸酯 (-)-Epicatechin Gallate	0.73	0.01	1.27
NEG_q92	儿茶素 Catechin	0.65	0.00	1.38
NEG_q98	绿原酸 Chlorogenic Acid	0.68	0.00	1.36
NEG_q120	二氢山奈酚 Dihydrokaempferol	0.57	0.00	1.35
NEG_q158	(+)-没食子儿茶素 Gallocatechin	0.91	0.01	1.32
NEG_q240	柚皮素查耳酮 Naringenin Chalcone	0.66	0.00	1.38
NEG_q241	柚皮苷 Naringin	0.76	0.00	1.32
NEG_q307	花旗松素 Taxifolin	0.80	0.00	1.35

下载: 导出CSV

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