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野生中国沙棘根际假单胞属菌株的筛选鉴定及其对空心菜促生效果的影响

高佩 徐淑琴 贺曦 三鸿源 马玉花 冶贵生

高佩,徐淑琴,贺曦,等. 野生中国沙棘根际假单胞属菌株的筛选鉴定及其对空心菜促生效果的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,X(7):1−10
引用本文: 高佩,徐淑琴,贺曦,等. 野生中国沙棘根际假单胞属菌株的筛选鉴定及其对空心菜促生效果的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,X(7):1−10
GAO P, XU S Q, HE X, et al. Pseudomonas in Hippophae rhamnoides Rhizosphere Affecting Growth of Ipomoea aquatica [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,X(7):1−10
Citation: GAO P, XU S Q, HE X, et al. Pseudomonas in Hippophae rhamnoides Rhizosphere Affecting Growth of Ipomoea aquatica [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,X(7):1−10

野生中国沙棘根际假单胞属菌株的筛选鉴定及其对空心菜促生效果的影响

基金项目: 青海省“高端创新人才千人计划”项目(2022)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    高佩(1996 —),女,博士生,主要从事植物资源开发与利用研究,E-mail:1639245486@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    马玉花(1978 —),女,博士,教授,硕士生导师,主要从事森林培育理论与技术、植物资源开发利用研究,E-mail:qhxnmy@163.com

  • 中图分类号: S759;S714.6

Pseudomonas in Hippophae rhamnoides Rhizosphere Affecting Growth of Ipomoea aquatica

  • 摘要:   目的  从青海野生中国沙棘根际土中筛选出具有多重功能的假单胞属菌株,为生物菌肥的研发创造条件。  方法  利用筛选培养基对沙棘根际土中的微生物进行分离,利用平板划线法对菌株进行纯化。通过形态、生理生化及16S rDNA序列比对鉴定菌株,并测定菌株解有机磷、解无机磷、解钾、固氮和降解纤维素能力。以空心菜为试验材料,检测各假单胞菌属菌株促进空心菜种子萌发以及空心菜幼苗生长能力。  结果  从中国沙棘根际土壤中分离出7株假单胞菌,培养3 d,7株假单胞菌溶解有机磷浑浊圈直径为4.28~13.71 mm,溶解无机磷透明圈直径为3.51~7.62 mm,解有机磷菌液中磷的质量浓度为5.15~25.41 μg·mL−1,解无磷菌液中磷的质量浓度为2.15~22.26 μg·mL−1,解钾黄色光圈直径为11.12~21.85 mm,解钾菌液中K+质量浓度为5.07~14.33 μg·mL−1,固氮透明圈直径(D)和菌落生长直径(d)的比值(D/d)为1.33~1.86,降解纤维素透明圈直径为4.61~10.22 mm。平板促生试验结果表明,假单胞菌可提高空心菜种子发芽率,并且可显著提高空心菜幼苗生长。其中菌株ZGSJ-3促生效果最好,其叶宽和茎长分别为3.69 mm和50.25 mm,较CK显著增加了35.2%和41.2%。  结论  经综合评价后得出,不同假单胞菌菌液处理下空心菜的生长状况均得到一定程度改善,发芽率得到显著提高,其中ZGSJ-3和ZGSJ-7效果较好。
  • 图  1  菌落形态特征图

    Figure  1.  Colony morphology

    图  2  普通光学显微镜镜检结果(显微镜倍数,×100)

    Figure  2.  Optical microscope images of bacterial colonies, ×100

    图  3  菌株系统发育树

    不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

    Figure  3.  Phylogenetic tree of isolates

    Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference in different treatment (P<0.05).

    图  4  不同菌株菌液中K+含量

    Figure  4.  K+ content in broths of isolates

    图  5  菌株固氮透明圈直径与菌落生长直径的比值

    不同小写字母表示同一时期不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

    Figure  5.  Colony D/d ratios of isolates on media

    Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference in different treatment on the same period (P<0.05).

    图  6  菌株降解纤维素功能测定结果

    Figure  6.  Cellulose-degradation by isolates

    表  1  菌株生理生化特征鉴定结果

    Table  1.   Physio-biochemical characteristics of isolates

    试验
    项目
    Pilot
    project
    菌株
    Strain
    试验
    项目
    Pilot
    project
    菌株
    Strain
    ZGSJ-1 ZGSJ-2 ZGSJ-3 ZGSJ-4 ZGSJ-5 ZGSJ-6 ZGSJ-7 ZGSJ-1 ZGSJ-2 ZGSJ-3 ZGSJ-4 ZGSJ-5 ZGSJ-6 ZGSJ-7
    接触酶
    Catalase
    + + + + + + + 7%氯化钠
    7%sodium
    chloride
    + + + + +
    氧化酶
    Oxidase
    + + 木糖
    Xylose
    + + +
    甲基红
    Methyl
    redMethyl
    red
    pH5.7 + + + + + + +
    明胶液化
    Gelatin liquefaction
    + + 水杨苷
    Salicin
    淀粉水解
    Starch
    hydrolysis
    吲哚
    Indole
    硝酸盐
    还原
    Nitrate
    reduction
    + + L-精氨酸
    双水解
    L-arginine dihydrolyze
    + +
    葡萄糖
    Glucose
    + + + + 葡萄糖
    OFGlucose
    OF
    产碱
    Alkali production
    产碱
    Alkali production
    氧化
    Oxidation
    发酵
    Fermentation
    发酵
    Fermentation
    氧化
    Oxidation
    氧化
    Oxidation
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  菌株解磷能力的定性测定结果

    Table  2.   Phosphate-degrading ability of isolates

    菌株
    Strain
    1 d后的浑浊圈直径
    Diameter of turbid circle
    after 1 d/mm
    3 d后的浑浊圈直径
    Diameter of turbid circle
    after 3 d/mm
    1 d后的透明圈直径
    Diameter of transparent ring
    after 1 d/mm
    3 d后的透明圈直径
    Diameter of transparent ring
    after 3 d/mm
    ZGSI-1 7.79±1.10b 13.71±0.49a 1.66±0.16c 4.27±1.06b
    ZGSI-2 2.91±2.91d 4.28±0.70c 0.82±0.51d 5.13±0.78b
    ZGSI-3 3.75±0.74cd 8.05±0.49b 0.63±0.35d 5.45±0.8ab
    ZGSI-4 7.56±0.98b 11.65±2.48a 3.62±0.96ab 7.62±0.78a
    ZGSI-5 4.92±0.52c 9.07±0.36b 4.30±0.11a 4.31±0.85b
    ZGSI-6 9.75±0.80a 12.05±0.67a 1.93±0.07c 4.82±2.75b
    ZGSI-7 4.12±0.00cd 7.95±0.29b 2.94±0.24b 3.51±0.01b
    同列不同小写字母表示差异表达显著水平(P<0.05)。下同。
    Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences at p<0.05. Same for below.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  菌株的解磷量

    Table  3.   Phosphorus-degrading capacity of isolates

    菌株
    Strain
    解有机磷量
    Organophosphorus
    hydrolysis
    /(μg·mL−1)
    解无机磷量
    Hydrolysis of
    inorganic phosphorus
    /(μg·mL−1)
    ZGSJ-1 8.08±0.41e 2.15±0.13f
    ZGSJ-2 7.41±0.39e 2.49±0.43f
    ZGSJ-3 18.77±0.14b 16.62±0.36b
    ZGSJ-4 17.79±0.47c 9.46±0.41d
    ZGSJ-5 25.41±0.77a 22.26±0.68a
    ZGSJ-6 5.15±0.14f 13.01±0.07c
    ZGSJ-7 9.76±0.19d 3.06±0.51e
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  菌株解钾能力的定性测定结果

    Table  4.   Potassium-degrading ability of isolates

    菌株
    Strain
    1 d后的黄色光圈直径
    Diameter of yellow
    aperture after
    1 d /mm
    3 d后的黄色光圈直径
    Diameter of yellow
    aperture after
    3 d /mm
    ZGSI-1 9.18±1.39c 13.70±1.94bc
    ZGSI-2 3.01±0.42e 11.12±1.85c
    ZGSI-3 21.66±0.40a 21.85±0.60a
    ZGSI-4 12.17±2.29b 16.98±0.19b
    ZGSI-5 5.99±1.73d 14.00±3.10bc
    ZGSI-6 8.25±1.34cd 17.61±3.58b
    ZGSI-7 3.48±0.67e 11.49±1.39c
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  菌株对空心菜发芽率的影响

    Table  5.   Effect of isolates on I. aquatica seed germination rate

    菌株 Strain 第3 天/% 第5 天/%
    CK 53.3±5.77d 63.3±5.77d
    ZGSI-1 63.3±23.09c 66.7±11.55d
    ZGSI-2 80.0±20.00a 80.0±20.00ab
    ZGSI-3 80.0±10.37a 80.0±10.00b
    ZGSI-4 70.0±10.00b 90.0±0.00ab
    ZGSI-5 76.7±20.81ab 96.7±5.80a
    ZGSI-6 66.7±5.77bc 76.7±15.3bc
    ZGSI-7 73.3±11.54b 86.7±11.5a
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  菌液处理对空心菜生长的影响

    Table  6.   Effect of bacterial broth treatment on I. aquatica growth and development

    处理
    Treatment
    茎长
    Stem length /mm
    鲜重
    Fresh weight /g
    叶长
    Leaf length /mm
    叶宽
    Blade width /mm
    主根长
    Taproot length /mm
    须根数
    Number of hairs
    CK 35.60±4.34c 0.21±0.04a 15.57±3.05bc 2.73±0.43c 13.47±3.03de 15.00±8.58d
    ZGSI-1 38.48±9.44bc 0.18±0.04b 15.79±2.94bc 2.48±0.47e 14.88±3.81d 24.83±7.08b
    ZGSI-2 48.39±5.52ab 0.20±0.03a 17.01±2.00b 3.08±0.63b 15.92±3.73c 25.00±7.32b
    ZGSI-3 50.25±7.15a 0.22±0.04a 19.88±3.05a 3.69±0.62a 18.23±3.15a 25.33±4.41ab
    ZGSI-4 39.23±6.49bc 0.21±0.04a 17.86±3.65ab 3.11±0.63b 14.30±2.76d 31.50±7.61a
    ZGSI-5 42.87±6.36b 0.17±0.04b 18.99±2.34a 3.67±0.79a 14.32±3.11d 23.17±10.19b
    ZGSI-6 44.92±3.07b 0.22±0.03a 14.60±3.51c 2.44±0.51de 17.05±4.90b 21.67±7.76c
    ZGSI-7 46.54±10.76ab 0.22±0.03a 20.23±2.25a 3.25±0.44b 18.36±7.48a 17.50±6.47d
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-01-15
  • 修回日期:  2024-05-17
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-08-15

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