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薄壳种油棕果实采后脂质成分转录代谢差异分析

李欣瑜 刘小玉 李启黉 周丽霞 李睿 付登强 曹红星

李欣瑜,刘小玉,李启黉,等. 薄壳种油棕果实采后脂质成分转录代谢差异分析 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,39(9):1−12
引用本文: 李欣瑜,刘小玉,李启黉,等. 薄壳种油棕果实采后脂质成分转录代谢差异分析 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,39(9):1−12
LI X Y, LIU X Y, LI Q H, et al. Differentiation in Post-harvest Lipid Metabolism of Oil Palm Fruits [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,39(9):1−12
Citation: LI X Y, LIU X Y, LI Q H, et al. Differentiation in Post-harvest Lipid Metabolism of Oil Palm Fruits [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,39(9):1−12

薄壳种油棕果实采后脂质成分转录代谢差异分析

基金项目: 海南省国际科技合作研发项目(GHYF2024019);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(1630152023007)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李欣瑜(1998—),女,研究实习员,主要从事油棕产量与品质性状鉴定评价,E-mail:17801113697@163.com

    曹红星(1976—),女,博士,主要从事油棕资源与育种方向研究,E-mail:hongxing1976@163.com

  • 中图分类号: S565

Differentiation in Post-harvest Lipid Metabolism of Oil Palm Fruits

  • 摘要:   目的  探究薄壳种油棕果实采后阶段脂质合成和积累的机制。   方法  选用采后不同处理时间的薄壳型油棕果实[授粉后185 d刚采摘的鲜果(T1)、采收后24 h(T2)、采收后36 h(T3)],结合液相色谱-串联质谱法(Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS/MS)和RNA测序(RNA sequencing, RNA-seq)技术,对各脂质代谢物和差异表达基因在酸败过程中的动态变化进行测定和分析。   结果  在采后不同处理时间的果实脂质中共鉴定出5个脂质大类、23个脂质亚类,520个脂质单体分子。联合分析结果表明,乙醛脱氢酶(ALDH7A1、ALDH2)、单酰甘油脂肪酶(MGL)和磷脂酶A1(PLA1)与二酰基甘油三甲基高丝氨酸(DGTS)、磷脂酸(PA)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰甘油(PG)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)等甘油磷脂类物质分别均呈显著负相关,与棕榈酸等游离脂肪酸呈显著正相关;甘油磷酸二酯磷酸二酯酶(GDPD1)、脂磷酸磷酸酶(LPP)和二半乳糖甘油酯合成酶(DGD1)与DGTS、PA、PI、PC、PG、PE等甘油磷脂类物质呈显著正相关,与棕榈酸等游离脂肪酸呈显著负相关;MGL与单甘油酯(MG)和亚油酸(LA)呈极显著正相关,与神经酰胺(Cer)呈显著负相关;DGD1和LPP与MG和LA呈极显著负相关,与Cer呈显著正相关。   结论  ALDH7A1、ALDH2、PLA1、MGL可能抑制甘油磷脂类物质的合成,促进棕榈酸等脂肪酸物质的合成;DGD1、LPP和GDP1可能促进甘油磷脂类物质的合成,抑制棕榈酸等脂肪酸物质的合成。
  • 图  1  采后不同处理时间油棕中果皮中脂质含量的变化

    Figure  1.  Accumulation of lipid metabolites in rancid oil palm fruit mesocarp

    图  2  采后不同处理时间油棕中果皮代表性脂质代谢物的聚类热图

    Figure  2.  Cluster heat map of differential metabolites in rancid oil palm fruit mesocarp

    图  3  采后不同处理时间油棕中果皮差异代谢物统计

    Figure  3.  Statistics on differential metabolites of oil palm fruit mesocarp at different rancid stages

    图  4  采后不同处理时间油棕中果皮差异基因统计

    Figure  4.  Statistics on differential genes of oil palm fruit mesocarp at different sampling times

    图  5  采后不同处理时间油棕差异代谢物及差异基因富集分析

    Figure  5.  Enrichment of differential metabolites and genes in oil palm fruits at different sampling times

    图  6  采后不同处理时间油棕中果皮脂质合成相关基因的动态变化

    Figure  6.  Changes on genes related to lipid synthesis in oil palm fruit mesocarp at different sampling times

    图  7  不同处理时间下油棕中果皮脂质合成关键酶编码基因表达热图

    Figure  7.  Heat map of expressions of key enzyme genes in rancid oil palm fruit mesocarp

    图  8  油棕酸败相关调控酶基因表达量与脂质代谢物含量相关性分析

    “*”表示显著相关,“**”表示极显著相关 "***"表示极其显著相关。

    Figure  8.  Correlation of key enzyme gene expressions and lipid metabolite contents in rancid oil palm fruit mesocarp

    *indicates 0.01<P<0.05; ** indicates 0.001<P<0.01; *** indicates P≤0.001.

    表  1  采后不同处理时间油棕中果皮中各亚类脂质含量

    Table  1.   Lipid content of subclasses in rancid oil palm fruit mesocarp (单位:nmol·g−1

    大类
    Large category
    亚类
    Subclass
    采后不同处理时间
    Different post harvest processing times
    T1 T2 T3
    鞘脂类(SP)神经酰胺(Cer)28.94±3.85a21.53±0.51b25.84±4.13ab
    鞘氨醇(SPH)3.60±0.59b4.18±0.44ab5.29±0.59a
    甘油酯(GL)甘油二脂(DG)315345.99±61101.54460114.66±90158.07450646.11±191075.41
    单甘油酯(MG)1946.23±288.28b4053.17±336.16a2043.03±291.06b
    甘油三酯(TG)24509.04±2703.7829153.02±3638.8025915.44±6506.09
    糖脂(SL)二糖甘油二酯(DGDG)2743.20±435.702248.80±555.862299.76±1216.49
    糖鞘脂(HexCer)5.00±0.05a5.29±0.39a4.19±0.22b
    单糖甘油二酯(MGDG)1058.30±200.41745.27±95.96809.81±378.32
    硫代甘油糖脂(SQDG)842.04±149.80713.06±124.43933.09±491.32
    甘油磷脂(GP)二酰基甘油三甲基高丝氨酸(DGTS)444.84±94.94328.17±55.95428.34±229.02
    溶血二酰基甘油基三甲基高丝氨酸(LDGTS)14.77±4.1515.79±4.0429.49±14.31
    溶血磷脂酸(LPA)25.35±0.90c40.73±0.11b53.25±6.90a
    溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)91.30±2.95c121.40±4.41b139.27±10.88a
    溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LPE)46.51±1.85c64.48±1.47b88.26±9.44a
    溶血磷脂酰甘油(LPG)7.26±0.16b12.00±0.57a12.43±1.72a
    溶血磷脂酰肌醇(LPI)2.52±0.05b9.31±1.31b49.10±15.01a
    磷脂酸(PA)3706.34±225.693320.89±586.403715.32±506.73
    磷脂酰胆碱(PC)1339.82±63.09a816.66±32.87b815.64±42.47b
    磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)1155.08±80.28s604.46±34.88b582.75±72.54b
    磷脂酰甘油(PG)991.61±56.31a524.11±4.14b485.01±4.77b
    磷脂酰肌醇(PI)654.01±32.33ab453.29±34.92b540.57±70.70b
    磷脂酰甲醇(PMeOH)5.50±0.17a2.05±0.08b1.28±0.10c
    脂肪酰类(FA)游离脂肪酸(FFA)60174.75±4469.14b73407.38±2827.63a60715.71±476.04b
    数值为平均数±标准差,不同小写字母表示不同时期之间差异显著(P<0.05)。表2同。
    Values are mean ± standard deviation; different lowercase letters indicates significant differences of different treatment times (P<0.05).
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  采后不同处理时间油棕中果皮中22种脂质单体分子含量

    Table  2.   Molecular contents of 22 lipid monomers in rancid oil palm fruit mesocarp (单位:nmol·g−1

    物质 Substance 采后不同处理时间 Different post harvest processing times
    T1 T2 T3
    神经酰胺 (Cer, 18:2/18:1) 14.52±2.31a 10.66±0.58b 12.41±1.91ab
    甘油二酯(DG, 16:0_18:1) 70636.96±15009.08 92432.42±18944.80 101472.36±51725.27
    单甘油酯(MG, 18:1) 1403.68±224.40b 2965.58±262.87a 1485.12±220.97b
    甘油三酯(TG, 16:0_16:0_18:1) 3516.58±764.07 4308.94±930.54 3231.80±1569.97
    甘油三酯(TG, 16:0_16:0_18:2) 2629.11±346.55 2608.90±543.37 2440.06±446.34
    二糖甘油二酯(DGDG, 16:0_18:1) 778.55±99.30 612.69±142.67 656.75±368.55
    二糖甘油二酯(DGDG, 16:0_18:3) 485.56±86.07 342.74±76.95 333.41±135.86
    单糖甘油二酯(MGDG, 18:3_18:3) 324.09±76.51 251.13±55.70 239.09±98.34
    硫代甘油糖脂(SQDG, 16:0_18:1) 299.17±43.36 244.37±43.76 356.16±191.01
    硫代甘油糖脂(SQDG, 16:0_16:0) 422.55±89.76 335.69±56.08 422.63±217.14
    二酰基甘油三甲基高丝氨酸(DGTS, 18:1_18:3) 104.66±17.65 115.37±24.87 133.59±76.09
    二酰基甘油三甲基高丝氨酸(DGTS, 18:2_18:3) 124.13±26.63a 48.65±4.42b 62.68±31.21b
    磷脂酸(PA, 16:0_18:2) 1354.25±101.53a 919.47±176.05b 1063.04±145.54ab
    磷脂酰胆碱(PC, 16:0_18:1) 412.13±29.49 390.23±17.30 361.94±27.71
    磷脂酰胆碱(PC, 16:0_18:2) 458.78±21.04a 144.72±9.91b 137.97±10.89b
    磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE, 18:2_16:0) 505.79±32.61a 225.63±15.30b 207.44±29.24b
    磷脂酰甘油(PG, 16:0_16:0) 524.14±36.45a 191.76±5.24b 179.77±9.85b
    磷脂酰肌醇(PI, 16:0_18:1) 344.68±14.83a 230.59±17.54b 274.07±44.09b
    磷脂酰肌醇(PI, 18:2_16:0) 164.18±10.24a 119.57±10.73b 134.77±13.99b
    亚油酸(LA, C18:2) 10188.00±782.31b 15804.62±524.96a 11046.89±836.18b
    棕榈酸(PiMA, C16:0) 14345.15±1055.52b 17834.69±819.45a 16177.21±580.58a
    油酸(OA, C18:1) 30396.86±2655.33a 31704.01±568.28a 26683.76±797.90b
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-05-27
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