分子标记辅助选育优质甜糯玉米新自交系

卢小转; 李晨晨; 陈子强; 郭新睿; 李刚; 田大刚

分子标记辅助选育优质甜糯玉米新自交系

福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所，福建　福州　350003

基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项（2021R1027001、2022R1027009）

详细信息

作者简介:
卢小转（）

通讯作者:
田大刚（1978 —），男，博士，研究员，主要从事分子育种研究工作，E-mail：tdg@fjage.org

中图分类号: S513
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-27
- 录用日期: 2024-10-16
- 修回日期: 2024-10-10
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-12

Generating fresh sweet-waxy corn by using molecular marker-assisted selection technology

Biotechnology Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350003, China

摘要

摘要: 目的创制优质甜糯玉米新自交系，探索玉米育种改良新途径，助力福建鲜食玉米产业发展。实现同一个果穗上同时出现甜、糯粒的玉米新品种。方法以生产上主推的京科糯2000为材料，经三代系谱选育出优质糯玉米种质GMC013，利用其与甜玉米雪甜7401杂交、自交四代；结合分子标记辅助选择和田间选择，聚合玉米胚乳淀粉合成途径中的甜质基因sh2和糯质基因wx，系谱选育优质甜、糯玉米新自交系。结果利用分子标记辅助选择技术成功创制出甜玉米自交系GM102和糯玉米自交系GM104和GM112。田间试验表明，自交系在生育期、株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、鲜百粒重和出籽率等方面达到甜、糯玉米关于品质与外观粒型的认定标准。结论利用分子辅助选择技术结合田间选择可精准、高效地创制新的优异玉米自交系，为福建鲜食玉米品种选育提供重要的种质储备与遗传改良资源。
- 鲜食甜加糯玉米 /
- 分子标记辅助选择 /
- sh2 /
- wx
Abstract: Objective To generate new variety of corn that has both sweet and waxy kernels on the same ear of sweet and waxy corn, explore new ways of rice breeding and improvement, and build the Fujian sweet-waxy corn brand. Method Using the main material of Jingkenuo 2000, a high-quality glutinous corn variety, we have developed the new germplasm GMC013 through pedigree breeding. This germplasm was hybridized with the sweet corn variety Xuetian 7401 and self-pollinated. By employing molecular marker-assisted selection and field selection methods, we have consolidated the sweet gene sh2 and the glutinous gene wx from the starch synthesis pathway in corn, creating a new high-quality sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn germplasm. Result Molecular marker-assisted selection technology has successfully developed sweet variety GM102 and glutinous varieties GM104 and GM112. Field experiments indicate that these inbred lines meet the quality and appearance grain type standards for sweet and glutinous varieties in terms of growth duration, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear thickness, fresh weight of 100 grains, and seed setting rate. Conclusion The use of molecular-assisted selection techniques, combined with field selection, can precisely and efficiently create new superior maize germplasm, providing important genetic resources and reserves for maize variety breeding in Fujian.
- Fresh sweet -waxy corn /
- Marker-assisted selection /
- sh2 /
- wx

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图 1 GMC102、GMC104和GMC112的选育过程

Figure 1. The technical approach for breeding GMC102, GMC104, and GMC112.

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图 2 GMC102，GMC104和GMC112检测结果

P1：京科糯2000；P2：雪甜7401；D1-3：GMC102，GMC104，GMC112

Figure 2. Molecular detection of GMC102, GMC104, and GMC112 homozygous lines

P1: Jingkenuo 2000; P2: Xuetian 7401; D1-3: GMC102, GMC104, GMC112

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图 3 GMC102、GMC104和GMC112农艺性状特征

Figure 3. Agronomical characteristics of GMC102, GMC104, GMC112

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表 1 自交系农艺性状特征

Table 1. Traits of inbred lines in agronomic characteristics

自交系 Inbred Lines	株高 Plant height/ cm	穗位高 Ear height/ cm	株型 Plant type	穗长 Ear length/ cm	穗粗 Ear thickness/ cm	秃尖长 Bald peak/ cm	穗型 Ear type	穗行数 Number of Rows	粒色 Grain color	鲜百粒重 Fresh hundred grains heavy/g	鲜出籽率 Fresh seed extraction rate/%
GMC104	195.5	72.8	半紧凑 Semi-compact	14.1	4.1	0	筒型 Cylindrical	14	白色 White	24.5	72.5
GMC112	185.3	73.5	半紧凑 Semi-compact	15.4	4.2	0	筒型 Cylindrical	14	白色 White	25.3	73.8
京科糯 2000 Jingkenuo2000 （CK）	275.0	133.0	半紧凑 Semi-compact	21.9	5.3	1.2	锥型 Cone	14	白色 White	37.1	68.6
GMC102	178.2	65.5	半紧凑 Semi-compact	13.4	4.1	0	筒锥型 Tube cone type	13	白色 White	15.5	71.5
雪甜7401 Xuetian7401（CK）	164.8	36.6	平展 Flat	20.7	4.9	0.5	长锥 Long cone	15	白色 White	40.8	62.9

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