福建白兔与新西兰白兔生长和生化指标比较

陈冬金; 桑雷; 孙世坤; 陈岩锋; 王锦祥; 谢喜平

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.04.009

福建白兔与新西兰白兔生长和生化指标比较

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.04.009

福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 福建福州 350013

基金项目:

国家现代农业（兔）产业技术体系建设专项 CARS-43-G-5

福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项 2018R1023-14

福建省农业科学院三创一融合项目 A2017-14

福建省农业科学院一般项目 AA2018-22

详细信息

作者简介:
陈冬金(1981-), 女, 硕士, 助理研究员, 研究方向:动物遗传育种与疾病防治(dongjin99@163.com)

通讯作者:
谢喜平(1966-), 男, 研究员, 研究方向:草食动物遗传育种与饲养(xxp702@163.com)

中图分类号: S829.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-26
- 修回日期: 2019-03-29
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-28

Growth and Biochemistry of White Rabbits from Fujian and New Zealand

Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解福建白兔的生长与生化特性及其与新西兰白兔的差异，为进一步开发利用福建白兔提供科学数据支持。方法测定福建白兔与新西兰白兔不同日龄的生长发育情况和90日龄的生化指标，并分别进行品种内性别比较和品种间比较。结果福建白兔公兔体重均大于同期母兔体重但差异不显著，35~90日龄日增重公兔显著高于母兔（P < 0.05）。两个品种兔相比，90日龄福建白兔的体重、体长、胸围、耳长、耳宽、免疫球蛋白IgM、IgG、球蛋白、谷氨酰转肽酶、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白都低于新西兰白兔，且除低密度脂蛋白差异显著外（P < 0.05），其他差异极显著（P < 0.01）；而福建白兔白蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶和总胆红素极显著高于新西兰白兔（P < 0.01）。结论福建白兔与新西兰白兔相比，其体型小，生长速度慢，血液生化指标具有总胆固醇低、低密度脂蛋白低和白蛋白高等优点。
- 福建白兔 /
- 新西兰白兔 /
- 生长性能 /
- 生化指标
Abstract: Objective Growth and biochemistry of white rabbits from Fujian and New Zealand were compared to facilitate the breeding and utilization of the local resource. Method The growth and development of Fujian white rabbit (FWR) and New Zealand white rabbit (NWR) was monitored, and the biochemistry of 90-d-old rabbits determined. Result The average weight of individual male FWRs was generally higher but not significantly (P < 0.05) than that of female rabbits in a same growth period, except in 35-to 90-d-old. At 90-d-old, FWR had significantly lower body weight, body length, chest girth, ear length, ear width, immunoglobulin IgM, IgG, globulin, glutamoacyl transferase, and total cholesterol than NWR at P < 0.01, but at P < 0.05 on low-density lipoprotein (LDL). On the other hand, FWR had significantly higher albumin, lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin than NWR (P < 0.01). Conclusion Compared to NWR, the FWR was with characteristics of small body size, slow growth rate, low total cholesterol, low LDL, and high albumin.
- Fujian white rabbit /
- New Zealand white rabbit /
- growth performance /
- biochemistry

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表 1 全价颗粒料营养水平

Table 1. Nutrients in granular feed for test animals

项目 Items	含量 Content
粗蛋白质Crude protein/%	17
消化能Digestible energy/ (MJ·kg^-1)	10.6
粗纤维Crude fiber/%	13
钙Ca/%	1
磷P/%	0.5

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表 2 福建白兔和新西兰白兔体重变化情况

Table 2. Changes on body weight of individual FWR and NWR

(单位/g)
样品 Sample	35日龄 35 days of age	50日龄 50 days of age	60日龄 60 days of age	70日龄 70 days of age	80日龄 80 days of age	90日龄 90 days of age	35~90日龄日增重 35~90 days of age daily gain
F♂(n=39)	552.19±54.37	833.76±67.11	925.64±63.63	1017.94±71.34	1380.10±94.48	1518.09±109.57	17.56±1.35
F♀(n=38)	547.12±51.73	828.12±56.82	913.53±57.85	1001.49±66.83	1353.62±82.73	1510.68±97.03	17.52±1.42
F(n=77)	549.69±52.79	839.07±61.90	919.66±60.75	1009.82±69.19	1367.03±89.29	1514.44±102.96	17.54±1.38
N♂(n=16)	727.22±97.91	919.56±94.16	1044.84±112.86	1479.81±169.15	1698.22±203.99	2034.53±170.70	23.77±2.99
N♀(n=14)	737.86±128.07	931.64±133.79	1062.11±113.53	1494.68±130.11	1685.79±150.38	2034.29±141.68	23.57±1.59
N(n=30)	732.18±111.09^**	925.20±112.46^**	1052.90±111.55^**	1486.75±149.81^**	1692.42±178.05^**	2034.42±155.14^**	23.68±2.41^**
注：♂代表公兔，♀代表母兔，F代表福建白兔，N代表新西兰白兔。同一品种不同性别及两品种平均值数据后标注、分别表示不同性别之间、不同品种之间差异显著(P < 0.05)、极显著(P < 0.01)。表 3~4同。 Note: ♂for male rabbit, ♀for female rabbit, F for Fujian white Rabbit, N for New Zealand white rabbit.Comparison between genders of the same breed and between means of two breeds，，means significant difference between the treatments(P < 0.05), * * means very significant difference between treatments(P 0.01). The same as Table 3-4.

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表 3 福建白兔和新西兰白兔体尺变化情况

Table 3. Changes on body size of FWR and NWR

(单位/cm)
样品 Sample	体长Body length			胸围Circumference			耳长Ear length			耳宽Ear with
样品 Sample	70日龄 70 days of age	80日龄 80 days of age	90日龄 90 days of age	70日龄 70 days of age	80日龄 80 days of age	90日龄 90 days of age	70日龄 70 days of age	80日龄 80 days of age	90日龄 90 days of age	70日龄 70 days of age	80日龄 80 days of age	90日龄 90 days of age
F♂(n=39)	32.69±1.45	34.29±1.30	35.27±1.53	18.53±0.90	20.88±0.85	22.05±0.84	8.82±0.42	8.86±0.66	9.17±0.48	4.81±0.25	4.87±0.26	5.04±0.32
F♀(n=38)	32.47±1.45	33.82±1.24	34.83±1.66	18.77±0.73	21.01±0.75	22.49±1.07^*	8.78±0.49	8.83±0.36	9.27±1.61	4.92±0.68	4.94±0.30	5.09±0.34
F(n=77)	32.58±1.45	34.06±1.29	35.05±1.60	18.65±0.83	20.95±0.80	22.27±0.98	8.80±0.45	8.84±0.53	9.22±1.18	4.87±0.51	4.90±0.28	5.06±0.32
N♂(n=16)	35.97±1.32	38.56±1.96	42.53±1.54	21.06±1.42	22.53±0.92	23.84±0.85	10.98±0.81	11.62±0.72	11.92±0.88	6±0.47	6.34±0.45	6.39±0.36
N♀(n=14)	35.54±1.99	37.82±2.35	42.14±1.96	21.71±0.78	22.46±0.87	23.82±0.67	11.07±0.91	11.84±1.07	12.06±0.99	6.03±0.51	6.36±0.46	6.48±0.45
N	35.77±1.65^*	38.22±2.14^*	42.35±1.73^*	21.37±1.2^*	22.5±0.88^*	23.83±0.76^*	11.02±0.84^*	11.72±0.89^*	11.98±0.92^*	6.01±0.48^*	6.35±0.45^*	6.43±0.4^*

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表 4 福建白兔与新西兰白兔血液生化指标的比较

Table 4. Serum biochemical indices of FWR and NWR

样品 Sample	总蛋白TP /(g·L^-1)	白蛋白ALB /(g·L^-1)	免疫球蛋白M IgM /(g·L^-1)	免疫球蛋白G IgG /(g·L^-1)	谷氨酰转肽酶GGT /(U·L^-1)	碱性磷酸酶ALP /(U·L^-1)	谷丙转氨酶ALT /(U·L^-1)	谷草转氨酶AST /(U·L-1)	肌酸激酶CK /(U·L-1)	乳酸脱氢酶LDH /(U·L-1)	总胆固醇CHOL /(mmol·L-1)	甘油三酯TG /(mmol·L-1)	高密度脂蛋白HDL /(mmol·L-1)	球蛋白GLB /(mmol·L^-1)	总胆红素TBIL /(μmol·L^-1)	尿素氮BUN /(μmol·L^-1)	葡萄糖GLU /(μmol·L^-1)	低密度脂蛋白LDL /(mmol·L^-1)
F♂(n=38)	62.63±3.90^**	36.04±1.46^**	0.13±0.05	1.48±0.39	9.15±3.00	204.14±42.92	55.34±14.36	33.14±6.49^*	2039.97±625.34	339.81±111.45	1.34±0.43	0.61±0.15	0.76±0.15	26.59±2.79^**	0.29±0.18	7.19±1.45	6.32±0.84	0.31±0.31
F♀(n=38)	58.33±7.02	34.24±2.54	0.14±0.06	1.48±0.41	8.60±1.41	192.64±51.75	54.33±14.36	30.16±5.79	1995.97±739.9	339.87±138.54	1.87±0.51^**	0.69±0.21	0.90±0.13^**	24.08±5.00	0.32±0.20	7.40±1.56	6.21±0.95	0.66±0.42^**
F(n=77)	60.48±6.04	35.14±2.25^**	0.13±0.05	1.48±0.40	8.88±2.35	198.39±47.58	54.84±14.27	31.65±6.29	2017.97±680.80	339.84±124.89^**	1.60±0.54	0.65±0.19	0.83±0.16	25.34±4.21	0.31±0.119^**	7.29±1.50	6.26±0.89	0.48±0.41
N♂(n=15)	63.44±3.42	33.35±1.55	0.21±0.03	2.20±0.43	9.95±2.04	188.47±39.37	52.07±13.05	34.07±6.02	1782.53±537.53	262.03±63.69	1.78±0.59	0.64±0.21	0.78±0.22	30.09±2.97	0.12±0.11	6.77±1.15	6.1±0.84	0.57±0.42
N♀(n=12)	61.11±3.67	33.18±1.45	0.18±0.07	2.09±0.45	10.95±1.56	197.28±50.82	55.05±14.5	31.47±7.2	1744.83±488.04	273.82±116.32	2.15±0.44	0.67±0.19	0.91±0.21^*	27.93±2.89	0.17±0.25	7.15±1.05	5.99±1.14	0.84±0.33
N(n=27)	62.40±3.66	33.27±1.48	0.19±0.05^**	2.15±0.44^**	10.39±1.88^**	192.39±44.13	53.39±13.53	32.91±6.57	1765.78±506.67	267.27±89.13	1.95±0.55^**	0.66±0.20	0.84±0.22	29.13±3.08^**	0.15±0.18	6.94±1.10	6.05±0.97	0.69±0.40^*

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