O<sub>78</sub>血清型大肠杆菌对蛋鸡的致病性及丙/丁酸单甘油酯的保护效果

刘玉涛; 凌清标; 黄宝钦; 吴学敏; 王隆柏; 周伦江

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.02.011

O₇₈血清型大肠杆菌对蛋鸡的致病性及丙/丁酸单甘油酯的保护效果

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.02.011

1.
福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 福建福州 350013
2.
福建省莆田市秀屿区笏石畜牧兽医站, 福建莆田 351146
3.
福建圣农发展股份有限公司, 福建南平 354100

基金项目:

福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项 2017R1023-3

详细信息

作者简介:
刘玉涛(1965-), 男, 高级兽医师, 主要从事禽病防治研究(E-mail:obaonm@163.com)

通讯作者:
周伦江(1973-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事动物病毒学与分子生物学研究(E-mail:lunjiang@163.com)

中图分类号: S852.612
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-10-09
- 修回日期: 2019-01-20
- 刊出日期: 2019-02-28

Pathogenicity of Serotype O₇₈ Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Chicken and the Protective Effect of Butyric/Propionic Glycerides

1.
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
2.
Hushi Station of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Xiuyu District, Putian, Fujian 351146, China
3.
Fujian Sunner Development Co. Ltd., Nanping, Fujian 354100, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究O₇₈血清型大肠杆菌对蛋鸡的致病性，以及单甘油酯对蛋鸡O₇₈血清型大肠杆菌不同致病方式的保护效果，为绿色无抗养鸡提供理论支撑和实践经验。方法对福建省某鸡场分离的血清型O₇₈禽源致病性大肠杆菌（APEC），采用口服、颈部皮下和气管内壁接种不同日龄的试验鸡，评价菌株的致病性，建立攻毒模型，然后评估以丙酸单甘油酯、丁酸单甘油酯为主要成分的水溶性液态添加物FraC34对鸡大肠杆菌病的保护效果。结果（1）12日龄海兰蛋鸡雄雏口服接种细菌3.0×10⁹CFU·羽^-1，可造成100%发病；但22日龄海兰蛋鸡雄雏分别口服接种细菌3.0×10⁹CFU·羽^-1和6.0×10⁹CFU·羽^-1时不发病。12日龄海兰蛋鸡雄雏颈部皮下接种细菌0.4×10⁹CFU·羽^-1，可造成70%的试验鸡发病，22日龄海兰蛋鸡雄雏气管内壁接种细菌1.5×10⁹CFU·羽^-1，可造成25%鸡只发病；（2）在饮水中添加FraC34，早期可改善鸡肠道健康，降低肠道对APEC的易感性，在饮水中添加2~3 L·m^-3的FraC34，能够显著降低经由口服途径感染APEC造成的发病率和死亡率，还能够降低经气管内壁接种APEC所造成的死亡率，并且显著降低发病率；当饮水添加3 L·m^-3时，可以维持感染鸡的日增重。结论鸡O₇₈血清型的APEC对幼雏具有极大的危害性，造成严重经济损失，而中大雏对该菌株具有一定的耐受性；养殖环节添加FraC34，对于鸡感染APEC具有一定的保护作用，并且可以维持鸡的生产性能，可替代部分抗生素的使用，达到较为理想的保护效果。
- 禽致病性大肠杆菌 /
- 丙/丁酸单甘油酯 /
- 海兰蛋鸡 /
- 保护效果
Abstract: Objective Studying the pathogenicity of serotype O₇₈ Escherichia coli to laying hens with different inoculation methods and the protective effects of single glycerides could provide theoretical support and practical experience for green no-antibiotic chicken breeding. Method The virulence of serotype O₇₈ avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain isolated from a chicken farm in Fujian province was evaluated by oral, subcutaneous and intratracheal inoculation, and the protective effect of water-soluble liquid additive FraC34, composed of butyric and propionic acid monogly cerides, was evaluated in Hy-line laying hens. Result The results showed that:(1)With oral inoculation of 3×10⁹CFU bacteria per chicken, the morbidity was 100% for 12-days old Hy-line laying hens, but no disease detected for 22-days old ones with oral inoculation of 3×10⁹ or 6×10⁹CFU bacteria per chicken. When the 12-days old chicken were inoculated subcutaneously with 0.4×10⁹CFU bacteria per chicken, the rate of the sick was 70%, and 25% for 22-days old ones when inoculated intracheally with 1.5×10⁹ CFU bacteria per chicken. (2)Adding FraC34 in drinking water of laying hens could improve the intestinal tract and reduce the susceptibility to APEC in the early stage. The addition of 2.0-3.0 L·m^-3 FraC34 in drinking water could significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality rate for chickens infected with APEC by oral inoculation and mortality rate of which with intratracheal inner wall inoculation.The daily gain of chicken could be maintained when treated by 3.0 L·m^-3 FraC34. Conclusion The serotype O₇₈ APEC strain was pathogenic to young chicks and led to serious economic losses, but not susceptible for older chicken.FraC34 had protective effect and could maintain the production performance of the chicken infected with APEC, which could be applied instead of some antibiotics for efficient production of poultry.
- avian pathogenic Escherichia coli /
- butyric/propionic glycerides /
- Hy-line laying hens /
- protective effect

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表 1 O₇₈血清型APEC接种雄性海兰蛋鸡的接种途径和结果

Table 1. Inoculation methods of chickens with APEC O₇₈ and the survival rate

接种途径 Inoculated pathway	接种日龄 Inoculated day/d	每羽接种剂量 Inoculated dose/CFU	发病率 Morbidity /%	死亡率 Mortality /%	平均死亡时间 Average dead time/h
口服接种 Oral inoculation	12	3.0×10⁹	100	30	127
	22	3.0×10⁹	0	0	-
	22	6.0×10⁹	0	0	-
颈部皮下接种 Subcutaneous inoculation	12	0.4×10⁹	70	20	126
气管内壁接种 Intratra cheal inoculation	22	1.5×10⁹	25	5	140
注：存活鸡扑杀，剖检见小肠壁变薄，充盈，内容物红染，肠道内壁充血、出血，即判定为发病鸡只。对照组均存活，无发病死亡病例，表 2、3同。 Note: number of disease including:necropsy of survival chicken found thinner small intestinal wall, filling, content red dye, intestinal wall hyperemia, bleeding, was defined the incidence of chicken. The chicken of control group was with no morbidity and mortality. The same as table 2-3.

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表 2 FraC34对12日试验鸡口服接种O₇₈的保护效果

Table 2. Protective effect of FraC34 on 12-days old chicken by oral inoculation with APEC O₇₈

组别 Groups	FraC34		发病率 Morbidity /%	死亡率 Mortality /%	存活鸡平均体重 Average weight of survival chicken/g	体重差异 Difference of weight/%
组别 Groups	日龄 Days old	用量Dose /(L·m^-3)	发病率 Morbidity /%	死亡率 Mortality /%	存活鸡平均体重 Average weight of survival chicken/g	体重差异 Difference of weight/%
A₁	6	1.0	30b	10b	296.5a	4.96
B₁	6	1.5	50a	40a	297.0a	5.13
C₁	12	2.0	10b	0b	298.0a	5.49
D₁	12	3.0	10b	10b	303.0a	7.26
E₁(清水对照) Water (CK)	12	0	100a	30a	282.5b	-
F₁(未攻毒对照)Not attacked(CK)	12	0	0	0b	-	-
注：同列数据后不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著。表 3同。 Note:Different lowercase letters on a column indicates significant difference at 5%.The same as table 3.

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表 3 FraC34对22日龄试验鸡气管内壁接种O₇₈的保护效果

Table 3. Protective effect of FraC34 on 22-days old chicken by intratracheal inner wall inoculation with APEC O₇₈

组别 Groups	FraC34		发病率 Morbidity /%	死亡率 Mortality /%	存活鸡平均体重 Average weight of survival chicken/g	体重差异 Difference of weight/%
组别 Groups	日龄 Days old	用量Dose /(L·m^-3)	发病率 Morbidity /%	死亡率 Mortality /%	存活鸡平均体重 Average weight of survival chicken/g	体重差异 Difference of weight/%
A₂	16	1.0	35a	25	375.5b	-1.96
B₂	16	1.5	35a	10	380.5b	-0.65
C₂	22	2.0	10b	5	385.0b	0.52
D₂	22	3.0	10b	5	394.0a	2.87
E₂(清水对照) Water (CK)	22	0	40a	10	383.0b	-
F₂(未攻毒对照)Not attacked(CK)	22	0	0	0	-	-

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