Biological Characteristics and Chemical Control of Leaf Butt Rot of Phalaenopsis
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摘要: 尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)是蝴蝶兰叶基腐病的主要病原菌,对尖孢镰刀菌的生物学特性和防治方法进行了研究。结果表明:该病原菌最适生长温度为26℃,产生分生孢子的温度是20、22℃;最适菌丝生长的pH值为6~7;病原菌分生孢子萌发需要高湿度环境条件,在饱和湿度和水滴中有利于分生孢子萌发;光暗交替有利于孢子的萌发。杀菌剂毒力测定试验表明,施保功、施保克和多菌灵有很强的抑制作用,浓度为500 mgL-1和1 000 mgL-1,菌丝抑制率都为100%;在盆栽试验中,甲基托布津和多菌灵对蝴蝶兰叶基腐病有很好的防治效果。Abstract: The major pathogen that causes leaf butt rot of phalaenopsis disease is Fusarium oxsproum. This study aimed to understand the biological characteristics of F.oxsproum and the pathogen's sensitivity to fungicides. It was hoped that some fungicides could be identified for an effective control of the leaf butt rot. The optimum temperature for the bacteria to grow was found to be 26℃, and that for the conidia germination 20℃or 22℃. The pH range for its growth was 6 to 7. For the pathogen's spores to germinate, it required high humidity. High humidity and moisture promoted conidia germination. By alternating light and dark, the spore germination was encouraged. Sportak, sporgon and carbendazim at concentration of 500 mgL-1 and 1 000 mgL-1 showed strong inhibitive effects on F.oxsproum, with the inhibiting rate of 100% on the mycelium growth. Pot experiment by dipping the leaves infected with phalaenopsis indicated that carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl at the concentrations of 500 mgL-1 and 1 000 mgL-1 could effectively control the penetration of the pathogen.
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刘智成,刘爱媛,冯淑杰,等.墨兰茎腐病病原及防治研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(25):10892-10894. 陈艳,杨雄飞.香荚兰镰刀菌根腐病药剂毒力测定及幼根接种防治试验[J].云南热作科技,1999,22(1):4-7.
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