Abstract: 【Objective】 The LBD (Lateral organ boundaries domain) gene family, a class of transcription factors unique in plants, is involved in the formation of lateral organs and in response to stresses. Genome-wide identification and analysis of the LBD gene family in Rhus chinensis, provide a theoretical basis for exploring the biological functions of the LBD gene family in Rhus chinensis.【Methods】Based on the whole genome data of Rhus chinensis, bioinformatics methods were used to identify the LBD gene family members, and physicochemical properties, conserved motifs, chromosomal localization, phylogeny, and collinearity were analyzed. Transcriptome data were used to analyze the expression of RcLBDs in different tissues of Rhus chinensis, and the key cis-acting elements on the promoters of RcLBDs were predicted by the online database.Subcellular localization were monitored by GFP fused expression in tobacco leaves, and gene expression levels under heat stress conditions were analyzed by qRT-PCR.【Results】A total of 32 LBD candidate genes were identified in the whole genome of Rhus chinensis, which were classified into five subfamilies based on genetic distance characteristics.Bioinformatics analysis showed that the number of amino acids in this gene family ranged from 79 to 697, and the isoelectric point ranged from 4.87 to 9.13. Gene structure, conserved structural domains and conserved motifs analyses revealed three important structural domains: GAS glycine conserved structural domains, CX2CX6CX3C zinc finger structure, and leucine zipper structure. The RcLBDs were irregularly distributed on the chromosomes of Rhus chinensis. Expression analysis revealed that the expression of this gene family was tissue-specific. A large number of cis-acting elements related to abiotic stress, hormones and growth and development existed on the promoters of RcLBDs, and three members RcLBD16, RcLBD19 and RcLBD23 contained elements related to both stresses and temperature. The results of subcellular localization revealed that RcLBD16 was pan-localized, and both RcLBD19 and RcLBD23 were nuclear-localized. Meanwhile, the expression of all three members was significantly up-regulated after high temperature stress treatment. 【Conclusion】A total of thirty-two RcLBDs genes were identified in Rhus chinensis. Based on cis acting element prediction and expression pattern validation, three important genes that may be involved in the heat stress response were identified, providing reference for further studying the resistance mechanisms of Rhus chinensis upon heat stress.