Abstract: Improving sorghum's disease resistance is one of the major objectives in our breeding program, as it is essential for the crop's high yield and desirable quality.In recent years, the advancement in molecular biotechnology fueled the significant progress in sorghum genome research.A large number of the critical resistance genes in sorghum have now been added on the genetic linkage map.It helps propel the studies on the physiology, resistance mechanism, resistance gene cloning, molecular marker assisted selection, favorable gene directed transfer and gene pyramiding on sorghum.In this article, notable achievements, such as the mapping of the QTL that resists drought and genes that resists diseases, pests, parasitic grasses or low temperatures, are summarized; the scientific challenges and anticipated future developments in the field of study are discussed; and specifically, some potential applications of the resistant gene mapping for sorghum breeding are presented.