摘要:
从1962年至1987年连续25年,本所根据茶树越冬芽萌发生长规律,进行春茶开采期预报研究,并向茶区预报春茶开采期。研究内容包括三个部分。一、用求萌动期与各时段不同起点温度积温相关的分析方法,求出各类型品种茶树越冬芽的萌动起点温度及萌动至开采期所需的有效积温:特早芽型品种迎春为8℃,134.0±15.3℃;早芽型品种福鼎大白茶为10℃,128.3±10.1℃;中芽型品种福安菜茶为10～12℃,137.6±15.7℃;迟芽型品种政和大白茶为14℃,121.8±9.2℃。二、通过相关分析、通径分析,揭示了各类型品种春茶开采期与气象条件的关系。上年12月至各类型品种春茶开采期之间,平均气温、日照时数、降水量三因子综合对特早芽、早芽种开采期的影响最大,其次是中芽种,对迟芽种的影响最小;各类型品种越冬芽萌发生育期的温度是影响春茶开采期的主要气象因子。三、研究提出三种春茶开采期预报方法:1.生育期间隔天数预报法;2.积温预报法;3.多个气象因子逐步回归方程预报法。实践证明,生育期间隔天数预报法的效果准确,方法简单,便于茶区推广应用。
Abstract:
Sprouting, growing and plucking periods of tea shoots in winter and spring were observed continuously in 1962-87.We released several forecasts of plucking periods to wide tea areas every year.This paper sums up our research results.It contains three parts: 1.We have obtained the temperature of sprouting and the value of accumulated temperature of different species of tea plant from sprouting to plucking periods: extra-early sprouting species-8℃, 134±15.3℃ early sprouting species-10℃, 128.3 ±10.1℃; meidum sprouting species-10-12℃, 137.6 ± 15.7℃; late sprouting species-14℃, 121.8±9.2℃. 2.We have analyzed the relationship between the plucking periods of different species and meteorological factors. Results show the greatest influence of mean temperature,sunshine-hour and rainfall on the plucking period of extra-early sprouting and early sprou-ting species; the next greatest influence on that of medium sprouting species;and the smallest on that of late sprouting species.The mean temperature of February and the first ten days of March are closely interrelated to the plucking period of extra-early sprouting species.The mean temperature of March is closely interrelated to the plucking period of early medium and late sprouting species. 3. We have provided three kinds of methods of tea plucking period forecast in spring. A. method of interval days of growing period; B. method of accumulated temperature; C. method of multiple regression.Long-term productive practice shows that the method of interval days of growing period has the best effects among the three methods and is easy to use in tea areas.
百度学术
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