Abstract: Xanthomonas Campestris Pv. Oryzicola took place occasionally in the coastal plain areas of Fujian province in 1960s,then gradually decreased and almost completly stopped in 1970s.However,the disease widespreaded from southeast coastal areas to northwest mountainous areas in 1980s and the main epidemic season is late rice.The major factors of the prevalence were bacteria-earring seeds,disease-susceptible varieties and affection of typhoon and rainstorm.The diseased areas were divided into the frequently diseased area in the coastal plain,the newly diseased area in the northwest mountains and undiseased area.