玉屏风加减煎剂对德化黑鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的抗感染效果

林雪玲; 林祚贵; 赖宝色; 徐磊; 刘志军; 马玉芳

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.06.002

玉屏风加减煎剂对德化黑鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的抗感染效果

Anti-infection Effects of Modified Yupingfeng Decoction on Dehua Black Chicken Infected with Eimeria Tenella

摘要

摘要:
目的探明玉屏风加减煎剂对柔嫩艾美耳球虫（Eimeria tenella）感染德化黑鸡抗氧化、抗炎、免疫功能的影响及抗球虫效果。
方法将120只45日龄德化黑鸡随机分为6组，分别是空白对照组（K组）、感染对照组（G组）、常山青蒿低剂量组（CQL组）、玉屏风加减低剂量组（YL组）、常山青蒿高剂量组（CQH组）、玉屏风加减高剂量组（YH组），除空白对照组外，其余各组均感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫，24 h后开始连续7 d饮水给药，第8 d测定比较各组抗球虫指数、免疫功能、抗氧化能力等指标的差异。
结果与感染对照组（G组）相比，中药处理组CQH、YH、CQL、YL的血便、盲肠病变症状依次减轻。除CQH组外，其他组盲肠病变计分、盲肠黏膜下淋巴细胞密度显著或极显著下降（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）；除CQH组OPG显著下降（P＜0.05）外，其他3个中药组OPG下降极显著（P＜0.01）；YL组和YH组盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分极显著降低（P＜0.01）。与CQL、CQH组相比，YL、YH组MDA、盲肠病变计分、盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分和OPG下降极显著（P＜0.01）。与G组相比，4个中药组 IL-6、 IFN-γ、TNF-α、丙二醛（MDA）含量极显著降低（P＜0.01），而 IL-2含量、 SIgA水平、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）极显著升高（P＜0.01）；YL组IL-2含量、 SIgA水平、GSH-Px活性、SOD活性、CAT活性极显著增高（P＜0.01），YH组GSH-Px、 SOD活性极显著升高（P＜0.01）。与K组相比，G组、CQL组、YL组、CQH组、YH组的相对增重率分别是79.88%、103.49%、107.27%、95.05%、96.06%，抗球虫指数（anti-coccidial index, ACI）分别是96、165.5、177、133.5、162.5。
结论玉屏风加减煎剂对人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫德化黑鸡具有更好抗炎、抗氧化、提高免疫功能的免疫调节作用，并相应具有更好的抗球虫效果，且以玉屏风加减低剂量组（YL）抗球虫效果最好。

Abstract:
Objective To study the effects of modified Yupingfeng decoction on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune function and anti-coccidial effect of Dehua black chickens infected with Eimeria tenella.
Methods The treated 120 45-day-old Dehua black chickens were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely, blank control group (K group), infected control group (G group), low-dose group of Radix dichroa and Artemisia annua (CQL group), low-dose group of modified Yupingfeng decoction (YL group), high-dose group of Radix dichroa and Artemisia annua (CQH group), and high-dose group of modified Yupingfeng decoction (YH group). Except for the K group, all other groups were infected with Eimeria tenella. Treatment with the respective decoctions began 24 hours after infection and continued for 7 days. On the 8^th day, various indices including anti-coccidial index, immune function, and antioxidant capacity were measured.
Results Compared with the infection control group (G group), the symptoms of bloody stool and cecal lesions were alleviated in the CQH, YH, CQL, and YL groups in order. Except for the CQH group, the cecal lesion scores and submucosal lymphocyte density in the cecum were significantly or extremely significantly reduced (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01); oocyst per gram (OPG) was deduced extremely in the other three traditional Chinese medicine groups (P＜0.01), while OPG in CQH group was reduced significantly (P＜0.05); the cecuml epithelial cell shedding score was decreased extremely in YL group and YH group(P＜0.01). Compared with the CQL and CQH groups, the YL and YH groups showed extremely significant reductions in MDA, cecal lesion scores, epithelial cell shedding scores, and OPG levels (P＜0.01). Compared with G group, the contents of IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the four Chinese medicine groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.01). In contrast, IL-2 content, SIgA level, and the activity of glutathione peroxides (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were significantly increased (P＜0.01). IL-2 content, SIgA level, and the activity of GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT were significantly increased in the YL group (P＜0.01), and GSH-Px and SOD activities were significantly increased in the YH group (P＜0.01). Compared with K group, the relative weight gain rate of the G group, CQL group, YL group, CQH group, and YH group were 79.88%, 103.49%, 107.27%, 95.05%, and 96.06%, and the ACI were 96, 165.5, 177, 133.5, and 162.5, respectively.
Conclusion The modified Yupingfeng decoction has better immunomodulation effect of improving anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune function on Dehua black chickens infected with Eimeria tenella, and correspondingly has better anti-coccidia effect, while the Yupingfeng modified low-dose group (YL) has the best anticoccidia effect.

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