• 中文核心期刊
  • CSCD来源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • CA、CABI、ZR收录期刊

红心莲毁灭炭疽病菌生物学特性及高效安全药剂筛选

Biological Characteristics and Fungicides for Effective Control of Colletotrichum destructivum on Echeveria Perle von Nürnberg

  • 摘要:
      目的  明确红心莲炭疽病菌毁灭炭疽菌(Colletotrichum destructivum)的生物学特性。测定不同化学结构和作用机制的6种杀菌剂对毁灭炭疽菌的室内毒力,筛选高效安全杀菌剂。
      方法  采用菌丝生长速率法测定温度、pH、光周期和碳、氮源对菌丝生长的影响,以及6种杀菌剂对毁灭炭疽菌抑制效果。
      结果  毁灭炭疽菌菌丝生长最适温度为30 ℃、最适pH为8,光周期对菌丝生长影响小,最适碳、氮源分别为淀粉和酵母。室内毒力测定结果表明,所选的6种杀菌剂对病原菌毒力差异大,其中咯菌腈的毒力最强,EC50为0.0236 mg·L−1;其次为咪鲜胺和吡唑醚菌酯,EC50分别为0.0306 和0.0487 mg·L−1;甲基硫菌灵和苯醚甲环唑的毒力较弱,EC50分别为0.1526和0.1955 mg·L−1;多菌灵的毒力最弱,EC50为0.2199 mg·L−1
      结论  温度、pH、碳氮源对毁灭炭疽菌菌丝生长具有一定影响。咯菌腈、咪鲜胺和吡唑醚菌酯等杀菌剂对毁灭炭疽菌有较好的室内毒力。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  Biological characteristics of Colletotrichum destructivum that infects Echeveria Perle von Nürnberg and in vitro toxicity of 6 fungicides on the pathogen were studied for the disease control.
      Method  Effects of temperature, pH, photoperiods, carbon, and nitrogen on the growth and 6 fungicides on their legality on C. destructivum were determined by an in vitro culture method.
      Result   The optimum growth conditions for C. destructivum were 30 ℃ at pH 8 on medium using starch for carbon and yeast for nitrogen resources. Photoperiods did not significant affect the mycelial growth. The 6 selected fungicides exhibited varying degrees of efficacy against C. destructivum. The EC50 of fludioxonil at 0.023 6 mg·L−1 was the most potent of them. It was followed by prochloraz at 0.030 6 mg·L−1, pyraclostrobin at 0.048 7 mg·L−1, thiophanate-methyl at 0.152 6 mg·L−1, difenoconazole at 0.195 5 mg·L−1, and carbendazim at 0.219 9 mg·L−1.
      Conclusion  The growth of C. destructivum was affected by temperature, pH, carbon, and nitrogen and inhibited by fludioxonil, prochloraz, and pyraclostrobin.

     

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