菜薹和芥蓝种间杂交胚挽救技术研究

吕凤仙; 李崇娟; 杨鼎; 胡靖锋; 杨红丽; 兰梅; 徐学忠; 张丽琴; 和江明; 董相书

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.11.005

菜薹和芥蓝种间杂交胚挽救技术研究

Embryo Rescue of Interspecific Brassica campestris x B. albograbra Hybrids

摘要

摘要:
目的获得适合菜薹和芥蓝种间杂种的胚挽救实验方案。
方法以菜薹（菜心）作为母本，芥蓝作为父本，进行种间杂交，对种间杂种进行人工胚挽救培养，设置8种不同成分的胚挽救培养基，6个不同取材时间，4种增殖培养基，9种不同成分生根培养基。
结果 ERM₄（MS+6-BA 0.5 mg·L⁻¹+NAA 0.5 mg·L⁻¹+KT 1.0 mg·L⁻¹+AC 1.0 g·L⁻¹）出胚率达26.32%，为最佳胚挽救培养基；授粉后第12天取材，出胚率达26.32%，为最适宜取材时间；DM₁（MS+6-BA 0.9 mg·L⁻¹+NAA 0.1 mg·L⁻¹）培养基增殖系数最大，为5.37，为最佳增殖培养基；RM_4-2（1/2MS+IBA0.5 mg·L⁻¹）培养基生根率为37.21%，平均生根时间为8.33 d，生根最快，为最佳生根培养基。
结论菜薹与芥蓝种间杂交，于授粉后12 d取材，胚珠接种在ERM₄培养基上，出胚后接种在DM₁培养基上增殖，在RM_4-2培养基上生根，能够显著提高种间杂种的获得率。

Abstract:
Objective Methods suitable for embryo rescue in the interspecific hybridization between Brassica campestris and B. albograbra were investigated.
Method The interspecific crossing was carried out using B. campestris L. as female parent and B. albograbra L. H. Bailey as male parent. An embryo rescue culture for the hybridization was conducted with 8 different media at 6 sampling times followed subsequently by 4 proliferation media and 9 rooting media.
Result The embryo genesis rate at 26.32% of ERM₄ medium consisting of MS, 0.5mg 6-BA·L⁻¹, 0.5mg NAA·L⁻¹, 1.0mg KT·L⁻¹, and 1.0g AC·L⁻¹ was the highest among all. The samples collected 12d after pollination had the best rate of 26.32%, DM₁ (i.e., MS+ 0.9mg 6-BA·L⁻¹+0.1mg NAA·L⁻¹) the greatest proliferation coefficient of 5.37, and RM_4-2 (i.e., 1/2MS+ 0.5mg IBA·L⁻¹) the top rate of 37.21% and average 8.33d on rooting.
Conclusion The optimum conditions for the embryo rescue in the interspecific hybridization between B. campestris L. and B. albograbra L. H. Bailey included sampling at 12d after pollination and following by culture on ERM₄ medium for embryo induction, on DM₁ for ovule proliferation, and on RM_4-2 for seedling rooting.

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