• 中文核心期刊
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  • 中国科技核心期刊
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贵长猕猴桃软腐病病原菌分离鉴定及其植物源杀菌剂室内筛选

Pathogen Identification and Botanical Fungicides for Soft Rot Disease on Guichang Kiwifruit

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  明确贵长猕猴桃软腐病致病病原菌，筛选具有防控作用的绿色植物源杀菌剂，为猕猴桃软腐病的绿色防控提供科学依据。
      方法  采用组织分离法分离、纯化并结合回接试验确定病原菌。通过形态学和分子生物学对病原进行鉴定，并采用菌丝生长速率法测定6种植物源杀菌剂对病原菌的毒力。
      结果  分离获得的8株有效菌株中RF2和RF2-4可引发软腐病，将该菌株的rDNA-ITS序列在NCBI上进行BLAST比对，菌株RF2和RF2-4分别与葡萄座腔菌Botryosphaeria dothidea、拟茎点霉菌Phomopsis sp.同源性达100%和99%，结合RF2和RF2-4病原菌形态特征分析，明确两株致病菌为葡萄座腔菌B.dothidea、拟茎点霉菌Phomopsis sp.。0.5%苦参碱AS对葡萄座腔菌B.dothidea和拟茎点霉菌Phomopsis sp.的EC50分别为0.442 mg·L-1和0.322 mg·L-1，0.3%丁子香酚SL的EC50则分别为0.680 mg·L-1和0.301 mg·L-1，两者毒力均高于其他植物源杀菌剂。
      结论  引起贵长猕猴桃软腐病的病原菌为葡萄座腔菌B.dothidea和拟茎点霉菌Phomopsis sp.；0.5%苦参碱AS和0.3%丁子香酚SL对葡萄座腔菌B.dothidea和拟茎点霉菌Phomopsis sp.菌丝生长具有较强的抑制作用，该研究结果可为贵长猕猴桃软腐病的田间药剂防治提供筛选依据。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  Pathogens that cause the soft rot disease on Guichang kiwifruit and potential botanical fungicides for the disease control were investigated.
      Method  Suspected microbes were isolated using tissue culture and verified as the causation pathogens by means of artificial infection. The pathogens were identified morphologically and molecular biologically. In an indoor toxicity test using the mycelium growth method, 6 selected botanical fungicides were applied on the identified pathogenic isolates to determine their potencies for the disease control.
      Result  Among the 8 isolated strains, RF2 and RF2-4 induced the soft rot disease on kiwifruits. The BLAST comparison on NCBI of the rDNA-ITS sequences of these strains suggested that RF2 was Botryosphaeria dothidea with a perfect match, and RF2-4 Phomopsis sp. with a 99% homology. The morphological analysis further confirmed the identifications. The EC50 of the organic fungicides were found for 0.5% matrine AS to be 0.442 mg·L-1 against B. dothidea and 0.322 mg·L-1 against Phomopsis sp.; and for 0.3% eugenol SL, 0.680 mg·L-1 against B. dothidea and 0.301 mg·L-1 against Phomopsis sp. The potencies were greater than other botanical fungicides tested.
      Conclusion  B. dothidea and phomopsis sp.were positively identified as the pathogens that caused the soft rot disease on kiwifruits; and as botanical fungicides, 0.5% matrine AS and 0.3% eugenol SL seemed most effective for the disease control.

     

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