Abstract: The renowned Shengzhou plums (Prunus salicina Lindl. var. taoxingli) ripen in the summer, and are high on nutritional value and appealing on eating quality. However, they turn soft rapidly and are prone to deterioration after harvesting in the summer heat. This study attempted to identify the source of microbial infection and determine an effective antibacterial measure to extend the shelf life for the prized fruits. Using the rDNA-ITS molecular identification and morphology methods, a pathogen was isolated from the samples of diseased fruits. In the lab, the isolate was treated with Sporgon and difenoconazole+azoxystrobin to confirm it to be Penicillium citrinum (TXL-03). The fungus had numerous branches and conidiophores. It could infect a wide variety of fruits, such as pear, apple, nectarine, cherry, tomato, grape, mango, plum, and banana. Either Sporgon or difenoconazole+azoxystrobin could retard the fungal growth. However, Sporgon appeared more effective, and thus, was recommended for treatment of the disease.