棚槽式静态发酵法生产有机肥技术研究初报
Studying on Effect of Shedding Gutter Static Composting Technology
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摘要: 为探索新型有机肥发酵技术棚槽式静态发酵法的技术优势, 研究传统槽式发酵法和棚槽式静态发酵法在有机物料发酵过程的堆料外观、温度、含水率、pH值、氮磷钾含量、有机碳含量和生产成本效益分析。试验结果表明:对比传统槽式发酵法, 采用棚槽式静态发酵法在有机物料发酵过程中具有便于通气和温度的调控, 使发酵升温快, 高温发酵持续时间长, 能有效杀灭虫卵, 发酵过程中无虫蛹蚊蝇产生, 水分的去除速率快。所产生的堆肥氮、磷、钾养分含量显著提高, 生产成本明显降低。研究表明:棚槽式静态发酵法能有效缩短发酵时间, 保肥除臭效果好, 腐殖化、无害化程度高;且能有效利用太阳能和生物好氧发酵自身产生的热量自然干燥, 达到投资成本低, 运行费用省, 生产工艺简易, 适用于商品有机肥的生产运用和养殖场的粪便无害化处理。Abstract: In order to investigate the technological advantages of new composting method by shedding gutter static fermentation, traditional gutter fermentation were compared with new shedding gutter fermentation for investigation in composting shape, temperature, moisture content, pH, contents of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium and organic carbon in compost.The production cost and benefit was analyzed.Comparing traditional method, results showed that the new shedding gutter static fermentation was more convenient in ventilation for control of temperature.Fermentation temperature increased faster and retained high temperature better, which could kill insects' eggs effectively and no insect pupa flies existed during fermentation process.Moreover, the moisture of compost was removed quickly and the nutrient contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium increased significantly, the production cost reduced evidently.Resultsindicated that shedding gutter static composting for organic fertilizer reduced fermented time, favored for deodorization and corrupting of compost, saved energy for natural drying with solar and biological fermentation heat effectively.The techniques economically benefited with low in investment and running/maintenance cost, was possible to be applied commercially for organic fertilizer production and farm waste disposal.