大栏微生物发酵床养猪模式对育肥猪品质的影响
Effects of Large Scale Microbial-fermentation Bed Breeding Mode on the Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs
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摘要: 以2 000头胎次相近、60日龄左右的“杜×长×大”商品猪, 分别在水泥地面猪舍 (对照组) 和微生物发酵床大栏猪舍 (试验组) 中饲喂120d。试验结束时, 试验组、对照组各选取15头猪进行屠宰并测定肉质。结果表明:大栏微生物发酵床养猪模式饲养的肉猪背膘厚比对照组高2.2% (P<0.05) , 眼肌面积比对照组多5.5% (P<0.05) , 差异显著;肉色得分, 大栏微生物发酵床养猪模式饲养的肉猪比传统猪舍饲养的肉猪高18.21% (P<0.01) , 大理石样纹 (肌间脂肪) 比对照组高39.11% (P<0.01) , 嫩度比对照组高17.06% (P<0.01) , 差异极显著;肉质中氨基酸总量有差异, 但不显著, 赖氨酸和组氨酸的含量比传统水泥地板猪舍饲养肉猪提高了3.27%和15.7%, 差异显著, 其他方面差异不显著。说明发酵床养猪可以显著提高猪肉的嫩度, 改善猪肉的风味, 对肉色、部分氨基酸等肉品质指标及安全性能指标有显著影响。Abstract: 2000 " Duroc× Landrace× Yorkshire" commodity pigs around the age of 60 days with similar parity were feed in the cement floor pigsty (control group) and microbial fermentation bed pigsty (experimental group) for120d, respectively.At the end of the experiment, 15 pigs from each group were slaughtered to determinate the meat quality.The results showed that the pig back fat thickness of the microbial fermentation bed pigsty group was2.2%greater than that of the control group (P<0.05) , and the eye muscle area of the experimental group was5.5%larger than that of the control group (P<0.05) ;for the meat color score, the marble grain and the tenderness, microbial fermentation bed pigsty group overwhelmed the control group by 18.21% (P<0.01) , 39.11% (P<0.01) and 17.06%, respectively.The difference in total amino acids were found between the two groups, but not significant, while the contents of lysine and histidine of the experimental group were increased by3.27%and 15.7%, compared with the control group.The fermentation bed feeding can significantly improve the pork tenderness and flavor, while affect the color and the contents of some amino acids, which were common quality indices for the meat as well as safety indices.