Temperature-induced Feminization of Channel Catfish

XU Siqi; ZHANG Shiyong; ZHANG Wenping; LIU Hongyan; WANG Minghua; ZHONG Liqiang; BIAN Wenji; CHEN Xiaohui

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.06.008

Volume 37 Issue 6

Jun. 2022

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Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences > 2022 > 37(6): 741-747. > DOI: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.06.008

XU S Q, ZHANG S Y, ZHANG W P, et al. Temperature-induced Feminization of Channel Catfish [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2022，37（6）：741−747. DOI: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.06.008

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1.
Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu　210017, China
2.
School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu　222005, China
3.
The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, Jiangsu　210014, China

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Received Date: February 28, 2022
Revised Date: May 04, 2022

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Abstract

Abstract

Objective Water temperature required to induce feminization on male channel catfish fries before sex differentiation was determined.
Method One-dah channel catfish fries were treated for 30 d in water at the temperature of (30±0.5) ℃ (T-30, CK), (33±0.5) ℃ (T-33) or (36±0.5) ℃ (T-36). Growth and rates of survival, ovarian formation, and sex reversal of individual fish that had ovaries differentiated and formed in 60 d with positive genetic sex identification were measured, calculated, and recorded. In each group, the ovarian development of XX and XY females as determined by the anatomy and H&E staining sections was compared and analyzed. Subsequently, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of foxl2 and dmrt1 in XX and XY female ovaries as well as XY male testis at 150 dahs.
Result The survival rates of the fries under T-30, T-33, and T-36 were 95.33%, 91.33%, and 82.67%, respectively. The body length of the fish under T-30 measured at 9.13 cm, under T-33 at 10.14 cm, and under T-36 at 8.80 cm, while the body weighed at 6.31 g for CK, 9.76 g for those under T-33, and at 6.11 g for those under T-36. The ovarian formation percentages were 51.00% under CK, 66.67% under T-33, and 77.67% under T-36. On sex reversal, the majority of oocytes in the XX females were at stage Ⅱ under T-30, but under T-33 and T-36 in the XY females. The stage Ⅲ oocytes were found in the XX females under T-30 as well as in the XY females under T-36. Under T-33, the XY female channel catfish showed slow oval development with unclear outline and coelomic mucosa. The expression of foxl2 was upregulated and that of dmrt1 downregulated in the XY females.
Conclusion The physiological sex before sexual differentiation of channel catfish could be converted to female by continuous high-temperature induction.
- Channel catfish,
- sexual reversal,
- temperature,
- feminization

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