Effects of Interactions between Roots of Intercropped Maize and Soybean on Plant Photosynthesis, Crop Yield, and Soil Physiochemical Properties

SHEN Lihua; LI Na; RUAN Miaohong; LIN Wenxiong

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.015

Volume 35 Issue 11

Nov. 2020

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences > 2020 > 35(11): 1280-1288

SHEN L H, LI N, RUAN M H, et al. Effects of Interactions between Roots of Intercropped Maize and Soybean on Plant Photosynthesis, Crop Yield, and Soil Physiochemical Properties [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2020，35（11）：1280−1288 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.015

Citation:

SHEN L H, LI N, RUAN M H, et al. Effects of Interactions between Roots of Intercropped Maize and Soybean on Plant Photosynthesis, Crop Yield, and Soil Physiochemical Properties [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2020，35（11）：1280−1288 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.015

Citation:

SHEN L H, LI N, RUAN M H, et al. Effects of Interactions between Roots of Intercropped Maize and Soybean on Plant Photosynthesis, Crop Yield, and Soil Physiochemical Properties [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2020，35（11）：1280−1288 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.015

PDF( 697 KB)

Effects of Interactions between Roots of Intercropped Maize and Soybean on Plant Photosynthesis, Crop Yield, and Soil Physiochemical Properties

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.015

SHEN Lihua^{1, 2, 3
,},
LI Na^{1, 2, 3},
RUAN Miaohong⁴,
LIN Wenxiong^{1, 2, 3
,
,}

1.
College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Higher Education Institutes, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
4.
Fujian Rural Work Research Center, Fuzhou, Fujian　350003, China

Received Date: 2020-08-13
Rev Recd Date: 2020-09-16

Available Online: 2020-11-24

Publish Date: 2020-11-30

Abstract

Abstract

Objective Effects of underground interactions between roots of maize and soybean plants under intercropping on plant photosynthesis, crop yield, and soil physiochemical properties were investigated to decipher the associated mechanisms. Method A maize/soybean intercropping experimentation was conducted in the field. Underground between the maize and soybean plants, a plastic sheet to completely separate and deprive interactions between the root systems (Q), a nylon mesh to partially block the underground interactions (W) or with no artificial barrier to allow total root-interactions (N) was implemented. SPAD, photosynthetic characteristics, and yield of the plants grown under the varied degrees of partition on the root systems were measured. Result Compared to monoculture, the intercropped maize and soybean under N showed increased chlorophyll contents in the functional leaves by 10.36% and 9.65%, respectively. The net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO₂ concentration, and transpiration rate were also significantly enhanced by the intercropping under varied roots partitions as they ranked N＞W＞Q＞monoculture. The crop yields of the plants were improved by the intercropping under W or N. The land equivalent ratio (LER) of the N treatment was 1.39, while that of W 1.13. Under Q or W, the contents of total and available N, P, and K in rhizosphere soil were higher than those in the monoculture lot. The activities of catalase, acid phosphatase, urease, sucrase, and peroxidase increased in the rhizosphere soil under W or N. A significant correlation was observed between part of the enzyme activity and nutrient content in the soil. Conclusion The interactions between the root systems of the intercropped maize and soybean plants might activate the nutrient pool and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere soil. The leaf chlorophyll of the intercropped plants could also be increased by the underground interactions benefitting the plant photosynthesis with improved crop yield.
- Maize,
- soybean,
- photosynthesis,
- yield,
- soil,
- physicochemical properties,
- roots interactions

FullText(HTML)

References(40)

References

[1]	刘天学, 王振河, 董朋飞, 等. 玉米间作系统的生理生态效应研究进展 [J]. 玉米科学, 2007, 15(5):114−116. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0906.2007.05.029 LIU T X, WANG Z H, DONG P F, et al. Research Progress of Physiological and Ecological Effects in Maize Intercropping System [J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2007, 15(5): 114−116.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0906.2007.05.029
[2]	曹敏建.耕作学 [M].第2版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2013: 71–74.
[3]	王自奎, 吴普特, 赵西宁, 等. 作物间套作群体光能截获和利用机理研究进展 [J]. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(6):1057−1066. doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2015.06.016 WANG Z K, WU P T, ZHAO X N, et al. A Review of Light Interception and Utilization by Intercropped Canopies [J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30(6): 1057−1066.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2015.06.016
[4]	LITHOURGIDIS A S, DORDAS C A, DAMALAS C A, et al. Annual intercrops: an alternative pathway for sustainable agriculture [J]. Aust J Crop Sci, 2011, 5: 396−410.
[5]	LI Q S, WU L K, CHEN J, et al. Biochemical and microbial properties of rhizospheres under maize/peanut intercropping [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2016, 15(1): 101−110. doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61089-9
[6]	左元梅, 刘永秀, 张福锁. 与玉米混作改善花生铁营养对其根瘤形态结构及豆血红蛋白含量的影响 [J]. 植物生理与分子生物学学报, 2003, 29(1):33−38. ZUO Y M, LIU Y X, ZHANG F S. Effects of improvement of iron nutrition by mixed cropping with maize on nodule microstructure and leghaemoglobin content of peanut [J]. Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, 2003, 29(1): 33−38.(in Chinese)
[7]	XIONG H C, KAKEI Y, KOBAYASHI T, et al. Molecular evidence for phytosiderophore—induced improvement of iron nutrition of peanut intercropped with maize in calcareous soil [J]. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2013, 36(10): 1888−1902.
[8]	周海燕, 柴强, 黄高宝, 等. 绿洲灌区典型间作模式的产量和光能利用效率 [J]. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2012, 47(6):68−73. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-4315.2012.06.012 ZHOU H Y, CHAI Q, HUANG G B, et al. The yield and light use efficiency of different intercropping systems in the Hexi Oasis irrigation area [J]. J Gansu Agric Univ, 2012, 47(6): 68−73.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-4315.2012.06.012
[9]	罗晓棉, 林文雄. 福建山区玉米与花生不同间作比例对产量的影响及其生态机制 [J]. 福建农业学报, 2006, 31(4):338−344. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0384.2006.04.010 LUO X M, LIN W X. Effect of Varied Maize—peanut Intercropping on Crop yield and ecology at Mountainous Regions in Fujian [J]. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2006, 31(4): 338−344.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0384.2006.04.010
[10]	林伟伟, 罗晓棉, 林文雄. 玉米与花生间作的根际互惠方式及其机制 [J]. 福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 48(4):409−417. LIN W W, LUO X M, LIN W X. Rhizosphcric mutual facilitation mode and its mechanism under maize/peanut intercropping system [J]. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 48(4): 409−417.(in Chinese)
[11]	AWAL M A, KOSHI H, IKEDA T. Radiation interception and use by maize /peanut intercrop canopy [J]. Agricultural & Forest Meteorology, 2006, 139(1/2): 74−83.
[12]	MADDONNI G A, OTEGUI M E, CIRILO A G. Plant population density, row spacing and hybrid effects on maize canopy architecture and light attenuation [J]. Field Crops Research, 2001, 71(3): 183−193. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(01)00158-7
[13]	焦念元, 宁堂原, 赵春, 等. 玉米花生间作复合体系光合特性的研究 [J]. 作物学报, 2006, 32(6):917−923. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0496-3490.2006.06.022 JIAO N Y, NING T Y, ZHAO C, et al. Characters of photosynthesis in intercropping system of maize and peanut [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2006, 32(6): 917−923.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0496-3490.2006.06.022
[14]	李洪岐, 蔺海明, 梁书荣, 等. 密度和种植方式对夏玉米酶活性和产量的影响 [J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32(20):6584−6590. doi: 10.5846/stxb201203050294 LI H Q, LIN H M, LIANG S R, et al. Effects of planting densities and modes on activities of some enzymes and yield in summer maize [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(20): 6584−6590.(in Chinese) doi: 10.5846/stxb201203050294
[15]	黄高宝. 集约栽培条件下间套作的光能利用理论发展及其应用 [J]. 作物学报, 1999, 25(1):16−24. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0496-3490.1999.01.003 HUANF G B. Development of lightutilization theory for wheat/corn intercropping in condition of intensive cultivation [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 1999, 25(1): 16−24.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0496-3490.1999.01.003
[16]	殷文, 赵财, 于爱忠, 等. 秸秆还田后少耕对小麦/玉米间作系统中种间竞争和互补的影响 [J]. 作物学报, 2015, 41(4):633−641. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2015.00633 YIN W, ZHAO C, YU A Z, et al. Effect of straw returning and reduced tillage on interspecific competition and complementation in wheat-maize intercropping system [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2015, 41(4): 633−641.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2015.00633
[17]	FIRBANK L G, WATKINSO A R. On the effects of competition: from monocultures to mixtures [M]// GRACE J B, TILMAN D. Perspectives on Plant Competition. San Diego: Elsevier, 1990: 165–192.
[18]	张宏芝, 陈兴武, 雷钧杰, 等. 杏麦间作模式下小麦光合速率、叶绿素荧光及产量对追氮量和播种密度的响应 [J]. 麦类作物学报, 2015, 35(3):387−393. doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2015.03.015 ZHANG H Z, CHEN X W, LEI J J, et al. Effect of planting density and topdressing nitrogen on photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence and yield of wheat under apricot-wheat intercropping [J]. J Triticeae Crops, 2015, 35(3): 387−393.(in Chinese) doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2015.03.015
[19]	杨文亭, 王晓维, 王建武. 豆科-禾本科间作系统中作物和土壤氮素相关研究进展 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2013, 32(9):2480−2484. YANG W T, WANG X W, WANG J W. Crop-and soil nitrogen in legume-Gramineae intercropping system:Research progress [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2013, 32(9): 2480−2484.(in Chinese)
[20]	张向前, 黄国勤, 卞新民, 等. 间作对玉米品质、产量及土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响 [J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32(22):7082−7090. doi: 10.5846/stxb201110151526 ZHANG X Q, HUANG G Q, BIAN X M, et al. Effects of intercropping on quality and yield of maize grain, microorganism quantity, and enzyme activities in soils [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(22): 7082−7090.(in Chinese) doi: 10.5846/stxb201110151526
[21]	李玉英, 庞发虎, 孙建好, 等. 根系分隔和施氮对蚕豆/玉米间作体系根系分布和形态的影响 [J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2010, 15(4):13−19. LI Y Y, PANG F H, SUN J H, et al. Effects of root barrier between intercropped maize and faba bean and nitrogen(N) application on the spatial distributions and morphology of crops'roots [J]. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2010, 15(4): 13−19.(in Chinese)
[22]	姜莉, 陈源泉, 隋鹏, 等. 不同间作形式对玉米根际土壤酶活性的影响 [J]. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(9):326−330. JIANG L, CHEN Y Q, SUI P, et al. The Rhizosphere Soil Enzyme Activities of Different Corn Intercropping System [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010, 26(9): 326−330.(in Chinese)
[23]	徐华勤, 肖润林, 向佐湘, 等. 稻草覆盖、间作三叶草茶园土壤酶活性与养分的关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2009, 28(8):1537−1543. XU H Q, XIAO R L, XIANG Z X, et al. Soil enzyme activities and their relations with soil fertility in a tea plantation under straw mulching and white clover intercropping [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2009, 28(8): 1537−1543.(in Chinese)
[24]	柴强, 黄高宝, 黄鹏, 等. 间甲酚及施磷对小麦间作蚕豆土壤微生物和酶活性的影响 [J]. 生态学报, 2006, 26(2):383−390. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2006.02.010 CHAI Q, HUANG G B, HUANG P, et al. Effect of 3-methy-phenol and phosphorous on soil microbes and enzyme activity in wheat faba-bean intercropping systems [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26(2): 383−390.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2006.02.010
[25]	张恩和. 供磷水平对间套作物根系酸性磷酸酶活性的影响 [J]. 西北植物学报, 2001, 21(1):53−58. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4025.2001.01.009 ZHANG E H. Effects of P application on root acid phosphates of crops in intercropping [J]. Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin, 2001, 21(1): 53−58.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4025.2001.01.009
[26]	刘均霞, 陆引罡, 远红伟, 等. 玉米、大豆间作对根际土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响 [J]. 贵州农业科学, 2007, 35(2):60−61, 64. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2007.02.022 LIU J X, LU Y G, YUAN H W, et al. Effects of Intercrop Maize and Soybean on Rhizosphere Soil Microbes and Enzyme Activity [J]. Guizhou Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 35(2): 60−61, 64.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2007.02.022
[27]	王晓丽. 地膜覆盖、带幅及根系相互作用对间作优势及氮磷养分高效利用的影响[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2002.
[28]	杜进勇, 柴强, 王一帆, 等. 地上地下互作强度对小麦间作玉米光合特性的影响 [J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(9):1398−1406. DU J Y, CHAI Q, WANG Y F, et al. Effect of above- and below-ground interaction intensity on photosynthetic characteristics of wheat-maize intercropping [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(9): 1398−1406.(in Chinese)
[29]	叶优良. 间作对氮素和水分利用的影响[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2003.
[30]	史瑞和. 植物营养学原理[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社. 1990.
[31]	任媛媛, 王志梁, 王小林, 等. 黄土塬区玉米大豆不同间作方式对产量和经济收益的影响及其机制 [J]. 生态学报, 2015, 35(12):4168−4177. REN Y Y, WANG Z L, WANG X L, et al. The effect and mechanism of intercropping pattern on yield and economic benefit on the Loess Plateau [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(12): 4168−4177.(in Chinese)
[32]	关松荫. 土壤酶及其研究法[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, 1986.
[33]	王一帆, 秦亚洲, 冯福学, 等. 根间作用与密度协同作用对小麦间作玉米产量及产量构成的影响 [J]. 作物学报, 2017, 43(5):754−762. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00754 WANG Y F, QIN Y Z, FENG F X, et al. Synergistic effect of root interaction and density on yield and yield components of wheat-maize intercropping system [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2017, 43(5): 754−762.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00754
[34]	焦念元, 李亚辉, 刘领, 等. 隔根对玉米Ⅱ花生间作光合特性与间作优势的影响 [J]. 植物生理学报, 2016, 52(6):886−894. JIAO N Y, LI Y H, LIU L, et al. Effects of root barrier on photosynthetic characteristics and intercropping advantage of maizeⅡpeanut intercropping [J]. Plant Physiology Communications, 2016, 52(6): 886−894.(in Chinese)
[35]	焦念元, 宁堂原, 杨萌珂, 等. 玉米花生间作对玉米光合特性及产量形成的影响 [J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(14):4324−4330. doi: 10.5846/stxb201207311087 JIAO N Y, NING T Y, YANG M K, et al. Effects of maize—peanut intercropping on photosynthetic characters and yield forming of intercropped maize [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(14): 4324−4330.(in Chinese) doi: 10.5846/stxb201207311087
[36]	邵瑞鑫, 李蕾蕾, 郑会芳, 等. 外源一氧化氮对干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗光合作用的影响 [J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(2):251−259. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.02.006 SHAO R X, LI L L, ZHENG H F, et al. Effects of Exogenous Nitric Oxide on Photosynthesis of Maize Seedlings Under Drought Stress [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(2): 251−259.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.02.006
[37]	廖良宁, 汤文艳, 潘婷, 等. 施氮及根系分隔处理对间作尾巨桉和降香黄檀幼苗光合生理特性的影响 [J]. 西南林业大学学报, 2019, 39(2):60−69. LIAO L N, TANG W Y, PAN T, et al. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application and Root Partition on the Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Eucalyptus urophylla×Eucalyptus grandis and Dallergia odorifera Seedling [J]. Journal of Southwest Forestry College, 2019, 39(2): 60−69.(in Chinese)
[38]	SCHLOTER M, DILLY O, MUNCH J C. Indicators for evaluating soil quality [J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2003, 98(1/2/3): 255−262. doi: 10.1016/S0167-8809(03)00085-9
[39]	徐强, 程智慧, 孟焕文, 等. 玉米/线辣椒套作系统中土壤养分与根际土壤微生物、酶活性的关系 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(12):2747−2754. XU Q, CHENG Z H, MENG H W, et al. Relationships between soil nutrients and rhizosperic soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in a maizecapsicum intercropping system [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(12): 2747−2754.(in Chinese)
[40]	孙瑞莲, 赵秉强, 朱鲁生, 等. 长期定位施肥田土壤酶活性的动态变化特征 [J]. 生态环境, 2008, 17(5):2059−2063. Sun R L, Zhao B Q, Zhu L S, et al. Dynamic changes of soil enzyme activities in long-term fertilization soil [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2008, 17(5): 2059−2063.(in Chinese)