Research Progress on Ecotoxicology of Nanomaterials on Freshwater Aquatic Organisms

JIANG An-qi; LIU Hui; WANG Wei-mu; CAI Wang-wei; ZHAO Zhi-cheng; WEI Wei

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2017.03.021

Volume 32 Issue 3

May 2017

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences > 2017 > 32(3): 342-351

JIANG An-qi, LIU Hui, WANG Wei-mu, CAI Wang-wei, ZHAO Zhi-cheng, WEI Wei. Research Progress on Ecotoxicology of Nanomaterials on Freshwater Aquatic Organisms[J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 32(3): 342-351. doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2017.03.021

Citation:

JIANG An-qi, LIU Hui, WANG Wei-mu, CAI Wang-wei, ZHAO Zhi-cheng, WEI Wei. Research Progress on Ecotoxicology of Nanomaterials on Freshwater Aquatic Organisms[J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 32(3): 342-351. doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2017.03.021

Citation:

PDF( 1029 KB)

Research Progress on Ecotoxicology of Nanomaterials on Freshwater Aquatic Organisms

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2017.03.021

1.
College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
2.
Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Irrigation and Drainage and Agricultural Water and Soil Environment in Southern China, MOE, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
3.
The Testing Center of Shandong Bureau of China Metallurgy and Geology Bureau, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China

Received Date: 2016-10-28
Rev Recd Date: 2016-12-26
Publish Date: 2017-03-28

Abstract

Abstract

Nano-science is one of 3 pillars in the fields of 21^st century scientific studies. Because of their unique and superior quantum sizes and surface effects as well as other characteristics, nanomaterials are extensively applied for industrial, medical, and general applications. Thus, the ecotoxicology of nanomaterials has become an issue that draws increasing attentions. Aquatic ecosystem is subject to pollution by a wide varieties of sources with substances, including nanomaterials, released from rainfalls, surface runoff, underground seepage, and waste water discharge. Consequently, inland freshwater is likely most vulnerable to the serious damages introduced by the discharged nanomaterials. Impacts on the physiology of freshwater aquatic organisms cannot be overlooked. This article summarizes the properties of nanomaterials, and analyzes relevant approaches to mitigate the harmful effects on the eco-system.It reviews the 3 common classes of the materials, and the current research status and progress with an emphasis on nano metal oxide. Finally, the anticipated direction and proposals for future studies relating to the biotoxicity and safety of the ever-increasingly popular material are discussed.
- environment,
- nanomaterials,
- fresh water organisms,
- biological toxicity

FullText(HTML)

References(100)

References

[1]	汪冰, 丰伟悦, 赵宇亮, 等.纳米材料生物效应及其毒理学研究进展[J].中国科学:化学, 2005, 35(1):1-10. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBXK200501000.htm
[2]	范德玲, 刘济宁, 丁洁, 等. 金属氧化物纳米材料的生态毒理学研究进展[C]. 中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集, 2013: 6707-6713.
[3]	TINA M, ZHANG WEIXIAN. Environmental technologies at the nanoscale[J].Environ Sci Techno, 2003, 37 (5):102A-108A. doi: 10.1021/es0323998
[4]	NEL A, XIA T, MÄDLER L, et al.Toxic potential of materials at the nanolevel[J].Science, 2006, 311(5761):622-627. doi: 10.1126/science.1114397
[5]	PEJINENBURG WJGM, BAALOUSHA M, CHEN JINGWEN, et al. A Review of the Properties and Processes Determining the Fate of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Aquatic Environment[J].Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2015, 45(19):2084-2134. doi: 10.1080/10643389.2015.1010430
[6]	PETRA BURIĆ, ŽELJKO JAKŠIĆA, LARA ŠTAJNER, et al. Effect of silver nanoparticles on Mediterranean sea urchin embryonal development is species specific and depends on moment of first exposure[J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2015, 111(SI):50-59. https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/effect-silver-nanoparticles-mediterranean-sea-urchin-embryonal-development-species-specific-and
[7]	张金超, 杨康, 张海松, 等.碳纳米材料在生物医学领域的应用现状及展望[J].化学进展, 2013, 25(2/3):297-408. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYCY200632003.htm
[8]	ANNE K, ANGELA I. Mapping the Dawn of Nanoecotoxicological Research[J].ACCOUNTS of chemical research, 2013, 46(3):823-833. doi: 10.1021/ar3000212
[9]	REBECCA K, JORDAN C, JESSICA B, et al. Toxicity biomaker expression in daphnids exposed to manufatured nanoparticles:Changes in toxicity with functionalization[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2009, 157:1152-1156. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.010
[10]	严旭霞, 傅玲琳, 王彦波.纳米硒对斑马鱼胚胎毒性的研究[J].水产学报, 2013, 37(12):1815-1820. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCKX201312007.htm
[11]	花文凤, 王大力, 高雅, 等.纳米金属氧化物对羊角月牙藻的毒性研究[J].环境与安全学报, 2014, 14(4):307-311. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-AQHJ201404066.htm
[12]	任德香. 纳米材料的生物安全性研究进展[D]. 长春: 东北师范大学, 2010.
[13]	EVA OBERDÖRSTER. Manufactured nanomaterials (fuller-enes, C₆₀) induce oxidative stress in the brain of juvenile largemouth bass[J].Environ Health Perspect, 2004, 112(10):1058-1062. doi: 10.1289/ehp.7021
[14]	陈松涛, 闫永胜, 徐婉珍, 等.纳米TiO₂预分离/富集FAAS法同时测定Cr (Ⅲ) 和Cr (Ⅵ) 的研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析, 2007, 27(5):1018-1020.
[15]	张浩, 黄新杰, 刘秀玉, 等.纳米材料安全性的研究进展及其评价体系[J].过程工程学报, 2013, 13(5):893-900. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HGYJ201305031.htm
[16]	刘红梅, 黄开勋, 徐辉碧.纳米材料的生物安全性研究进展[J].化工进展, 2006, 25(9):1040-1044. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10200-2010179579.htm
[17]	汤鸿霄.环境纳米污染物与微界面水质过程[J].环境科学学报, 2003, 23(2):146-155. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJXX200302001.htm
[18]	TANG H, WANG D, GE X. Environmental nano-pollutants (ENP) and aquatic micro-interfacial processes[J].Water Sci Technol, 2004, 50(12):103-109. http://www.irgrid.ac.cn/handle/1471x/1002566?mode=full&submit_simple=Show+full+item+record
[19]	林道辉, 冀静, 田小利, 等.纳米材料的环境行为与生物毒性[J].科学通报:中文版, 2009, 54(23):3590-3604. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB200923003.htm
[20]	何涛.纳米材料的环境毒理学研究进展[J].环境科学与管理, 2009, 34(11):45-48. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1212.2009.11.011
[21]	杨栋梁.纳米技术在染整生产中应用的探讨 (一)[J].印染, 2002, (1):37-40. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YIRA200201013.htm
[22]	徐莺莺, 林晓影, 陈春英.影响纳米材料毒性的关键因素[J].科学通报:中文版, 2013, 58(24):2466-2478. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB201324014.htm
[23]	GERANIO L, HEUBERGER M, NOWACK B. The behavior of silver nanotextiles during washing[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2009, 43(21):8113-8118. doi: 10.1021/es9018332
[24]	SUN O, REGGIE J, CAUDILL. Thermodynamic Analysis to Assess the Environmental Impact of End-of-life Recovery Processing for Nanotechnology Products[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2009, 43(21):8140-8146. doi: 10.1021/es9006614
[25]	GRAEME E, BATLEY, JASON K. Kirby, Michael J. McLaughlin. Fate and Risks of Nanomaterials in Aquatic and Terrestrial Environments[J]. ACCOUNTS of chemical research, 2013, 46 (3), 854-862. doi: 10.1021/ar2003368
[26]	STOIBER T, CROTEAU MARIE-NOELE, ROEMER I, et al. Influence of hardness on the bioavailability of silver to a freshwater snail after waterborne exposure to silver nitrate and silver nanoparticles[J]. Nanotoxicology, 2015, 9(7):918-927. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2014.991772
[27]	张礼文, 黄庆国, 毛亮.碳纳米材料在环境中的转化[J].环境化学, 2013, 32(7):1268-1275. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2013.07.021
[28]	徐磊, 段林, 陈威.碳纳米材料的环境行为及其对环境中污染物迁移归趋的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2009, 20(1):205-212. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYSB200901032.htm
[29]	孙寒, 冯雷雨, 陈银广.石墨烯健康风险研究现状及展望[J].生物化学与生物物理进展, 2015, 42(1):5-15. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SHSW201501001.htm
[30]	ZHAO XINGCHEN, LIU RUTAO. Recent progress and perspectives on the toxicity of carbon nanotubes at organism, organ, cell, and biomacromolecule levels[J]. Environment International, 2012, (40):244-256. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Xingchen_Zhao2/publication/221747144_Recent_progress_and_perspectives_on_the_toxicity_of_carbon_nanotubes_at_organism_organ_cell_and_biomacromolecule_levels/links/0912f50cc0ad8b288a000000.pdf?disableCoverPage=true
[31]	AMUEL W B, ADEYEMI A, JI ZHAOXIA, et al.Stability, metal leaching, photoactivity and toxicity in freshwater systems of commercial single wall carbon nanotubes[J]. Water Research, 2013, (47):4047-4085. http://d.scholar.cnki.net/detail/SJESTEMP_U/SJES15122300561272
[32]	YAN QILONG, MICHAEL GOZIN, ZHAO FENGQI, et al.Highly energetic compositions based on functionalized carbon nanomaterials[J]. NANOSCALE, 2016, 8(9):4799-4851. doi: 10.1039/C5NR07855E
[33]	NOGUEIRA P F M, NAKABAYASHI D, ZUCOLOTTO V. The effects of graphene oxide on green algae Raphidocelis subcapitata[J].Aquatic Toxicology, 2015, (166):29-35. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26204245
[34]	牟凤伟. 不同类型的碳纳米管对斜生栅藻的毒性效应研究[D]. 湖南: 中南林业科技大学, 2013.
[35]	朱小山, 朱琳, 田胜艳, 等.三种碳纳米材料对水生生物的毒性效应[J].中国环境科学, 2008, 28 (3):269-273. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGHJ200803020.htm
[36]	李晶, 胡霞林, 陈启晴, 等.纳米材料对水生生物的生态毒理效应研究进展[J].环境化学, 2011, 30 (12):1993-2002. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJHX201112004.htm
[37]	张宁, 金星龙, 李晓, 等.人工纳米材料对藻类的毒性效应研究进展[J].安徽农业科学, 2011, 39(10):6000-6003. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2011.10.126
[38]	BLAIR D J, TESSA M S, JULIAN M, et al. Bioavailability of Nanoscale Metal Oxides TiO₂, CeO₂, and ZnO to Fish[J].Environ.Sci.Technol, 2010, 44(3), 1144-1151. doi: 10.1021/es901971a
[39]	WANG XINGHAO, QU RUIJUAN, HUANG QINGGUO, et al. Hepatic oxidative stress and catalyst metals accumulation in goldfish exposed to carbon nanotubes under different pH levels[J].Aquatic Toxicology, 2015, (160):142-150. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25625523
[40]	朱小山, 朱琳, 郎宇鹏, 等.人工纳米材料富勒烯 (C₆₀) 低剂量长期暴露对鲫鱼的氧化伤害[J].环境科学, 2008, 29(4):855-861.
[41]	刘信勇, 朱琳, 黄碧捷, 等.多壁碳纳米管对斑马鱼体组织内酶活性的影响[J].环境科学研究, 2009, 22 (7):838-842. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJKX200907018.htm
[42]	刘珊珊, 龙奕, 王萌, 等.沉积物底栖动物体系中多壁碳纳米管对镉生态毒性的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报, 2015, 31(3):414-419. doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2015.03.022
[43]	WANG CHAO, WEI ZHONGBO, FENG MINGBAO, et al.The Effects of Hydroxylated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Toxicity of Nickel to Daphnia MagnaUnder Different PH Levels[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2014, 33(11):2522-2528. doi: 10.1002/etc.v33.11
[44]	THIAGO LOPES ROCHA, TǍIA GOMES, VǍIA SERRǍO SOUSA, et al. Ecotoxicological impact of engineered nanomaterials in bivalve molluscs:An overview[J].Marine Environmental Research, 2015, (111):74-88. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279198020_Ecotoxicological_impact_of_engineered_nanomaterials_in_bivalve_molluscs_An_overview
[45]	ANTONIO CID, ANA PICADO, JOSÉ BRITO CORREIA, et al. Oxidative stress and histological changes following exposure to diamond nanoparticles in the freshwater Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774)[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015, 284:27-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.055
[46]	ELSA MENDONÇA, MÁRIO DINIZ, LUÍS SILÜA, et al. Effects of diamond nanoparticle exposure on the internal structure and reproduction ofDaphnia magna[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, (186):265-271. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/49639410_Effects_of_diamond_nanoparticle_exposure_on_the_internal_structure_and_reproduction_of_Daphnia_magna
[47]	MICHELE MUNK, HUMBERTO M BRANDÃO, SOPHIE NOWAK, et al. Direct and indirect toxic effects of cotton-derived cellulose nanofibres on filamentous green algae[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2015, (122):399-405.
[48]	张立德, 牟季美.纳米材料和纳米结构[M].北京:科学出版社, 2001.
[49]	邹彩琼, 贾漫珂, 罗光富, 等.ZnO纳米丛的制备及其光催化性能研究[J].环境化学, 2012, 31(6):830-836. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10269-2009189270.htm
[50]	杨凤霞, 刘其丽, 毕磊.纳米氧化锌的应用综述[J].安徽化工, 2006, 139(1):13-17. http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-NSED200707001043.htm
[51]	刘明泉, 朱永恒, 朱志刚.纳米氧化铜制备及其应用研究进展[J].中国陶瓷, 2014, 50(8):1-3. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZKZK201206025.htm
[52]	关磊, 高威, 范文婷, 等.新型纳米氧化铜的制备及应用研究进展[J].真空, 2012, 49(6):55-58. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZKZK201206025.htm
[53]	雷涛, 李芬, 王艳红, 等.纳米氧化铜粉体的制备及应用研究进展[J].化工进展, 2013, 32(10):2429-2433. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HGJZ201310028.htm
[54]	辛元元. 纳米二氧化钛的水生生物毒理效应研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江工业大学, 2012.
[55]	李雅洁, 王静, 崔益斌, 等.纳米氧化锌和二氧化钛对斜生栅藻的毒性效应[J].农业环境科学学报, 2013, 32(6):1122-1127. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NHBH201306008.htm
[56]	曹林, 丁国际. 纳米CuO、CdO、PbO及ZnO对大型水蚤和剪形臂尾轮虫的毒性[C]. Proceedings of Conference on Environmental Pollution and Public Health, 2010.
[57]	张阳, 周亚, 陈继淼, 等.纳米ZnO和纳米CuO在斑马鱼体内的富集与清除[J].生态毒理学报, 2014, 9(6):1068-1075. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STDL201406012.htm
[58]	刘慧, 朱方伟, 尹颖, 等.纳米ZnO对鲫鱼肝脏的毒性[J].生态毒理学报, 2010, 5(5):698-703. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STDL201005015.htm
[59]	刘林, 赵群芬, 朱帅旗, 等.纳米氧化锌对斑马鱼肠组织的氧化损伤[J].水产学报, 2015, 39(11):1702-1711. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCKX201511011.htm
[60]	ROBIN ANNE BESSEMER, KATHRYN MARIE ALISON BUTLER, LOUISE TUNNAH, et al. Cardiorespiratory toxicity of environmentally relevant zinc oxide nanoparticles in the freshwater fish Catostomus commersonii[J]. Nanotoxi-cology, 2015, 9(7):861-870. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2014.982737
[61]	HALINA FALFUSHYNSKA, LESYA GNATYSHYNA, IRINA YURCHAK, et al. The effects of zinc nanooxide on cellular stress responses of the freshwater mussels Unio tumidus are modulated by elevated temperature and organic pollutants[J].Aquatic Toxicology, 2015, (162):82-93. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25781395
[62]	XIAOLIN CHEN, JOHN O'HALLORAN, MARCEL A K, JANSEN. The toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to Lemna minor (L.) is predominantly caused by dissolved Zn[J].Aquatic Toxicology, 2016, (174):46-53.
[63]	王群. 应用中华圆田螺ADS预警水体Cu污染研究[D]. 南京: 河海大学, 2015.
[64]	DAOUD ALI, HUMA ALI. Susceptibility of the freshwater pulmonate snail Lymnea luteola L. to copper oxide nanoparticl[J]. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 2015, 97(5):576-587.
[65]	TINA RAMSKOV, AMALIE THIT, MARIE-NOËLE CROTEAU, et al. Biodynamics of copper oxide nanoparticles and copper ions in anoligochaete Part I:Relative importance of water and sediment asexposure routes[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2015, (164):81-91.
[66]	ARUNAVA PRADHAN, PAULO GERALDES, SAHADE-VAN SEENA, et al.Natural organic matter alterssize-dependent effects of nanoCuO on thefeeding behaviour of freshwaterinvertebrate shredders[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2015, 535:94-101. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.096
[67]	王萌, 马陶武, 龙奕, 等.腐殖酸作用下沉积物中纳米氧化铜对铜锈环棱螺生态毒性的影响[J].生态毒理学报, 2014, 9(4):803-808. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STDL201404035.htm
[68]	FRANÇOIS PERREAULT, RADOVAN POPOVIC, DAVID DEWEZ. Different toxicity mechanisms between bare and polymer-coated copper oxide nanoparticles in Lemna gibba[J].Environmental Pollution, 2014, 185:219-227. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.10.027
[69]	ANA LETÍCIA DE O F, ROSSETTO, DENICE S, VICENTINI, CRISTINA H. COSTA, et al. Synthesis, characterization and toxicological evaluation of a core shell copper oxide/polyaniline nanocomposite[J].Chemosphere, 2014, 108:107-114. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.038
[70]	HARTMANN N B, VON DER KAMMER F, HOFMANN T, et al. Algal testing of titanium dioxide nanoparticles-Testing considerations, inhibitory effects and modification of cadmium bioavailability[J].Toxicology, 2010, 269:190-197. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.08.008
[71]	李轶, 殷亚远, WANG Chao, 等.纳米二氧化钛和铜对大型溞的联合毒性[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版, 2016, 44(2):95-100. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HHDX201602001.htm
[72]	TAN CHENG, FAN WENHONG, WANG WENXIONG.Role of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in the Elevated Uptake and Retention of Cadmium and Zinc in Daphnia magna[J].Environ Sci Technol, 2012, 46(1):469-476. doi: 10.1021/es202110d
[73]	SWAYAMPRAVA DALAI, ISWARYA V, BHUVANESH-WARI M, et al. Different modes of TiO₂ uptake by Ceriodaphnia dubia:Relevance to toxicity and bioaccumulation[J].Aquatic Toxicology, 2014, (152):139-146.
[74]	LUCIA ROCCO, MARIANNA SANTONASTASO, FILO-MENA MOTTOLA, et al. Genotoxicity assessment of TiO₂ nanoparticles intheteleost Danio rerio[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2015, 113:223-230. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.12.012
[75]	KOIGOORA SRIKANTH, EDUARDA PEREIRA, ARMA-NDO C DUARTE, et al.Assessment of cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by titanium oxide nanoparticles on Chinook salmon cells[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res, 2015, 22:15584-15591. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277197756_Assessment_of_cytotoxicity_and_oxidative_stress_induced_by_titanium_oxide_nanoparticles_on_Chinook_salmon_cells
[76]	JULIA FARKAS, HANNES PETER, TOMASZ M. CIESIELSKI, et al. Impact of TiO₂ nanoparticles on freshwater bacteria from three Swedish lakes[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2015, 535:85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.043
[77]	AMIANO IRENE, OLABARRIETA JOSUNE, VITORICA JOANA, et al.UVA Irradiation Influence on the Acute Toxicity of Nanosized TiO₂ to Daphnia Magna[C].4th International Conference, 2012, 675-678.
[78]	ISWARYA V, BHUVANESHWARI M, SRUTHI ANN ALEX, et al. Combined toxicity of two crystalline phases (anatase and rutile) of Titania nanoparticles towards freshwater microalgae:Chlorella sp[J].Aquatic Toxicology, 2015, (161):154-169. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Amitava_Mukherjee4/publication/272360532_Combined_toxicity_of_two_crystalline_phases_anatase_and_rutile_of_Titania_nanoparticles_towards_freshwater_microalgae_Chlorella_sp/links/54e521140cf276cec173417b/Combined-toxicity-of-two-crystalline-phases-anatase-and-rutile-of-Titania-nanoparticles-towards-freshwater-microalgae-Chlorella-sp.pdf
[79]	朱小山, 朱琳, 田胜艳, 等.三种金属氧化物纳米颗粒的水生态毒性[J].生态毒理学报, 2008, 28(8):3507-3516. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STXB200808004.htm
[80]	龙奕, 刘珊珊, 王萌, 等.纳米Al₂O₃和Cd联合暴露对铜锈环棱螺体内Cd的生物积累和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].生态毒理学报, 2015, 10(2):216-223.
[81]	梁长华. 纳米NiO对小球藻的生物毒性及致毒机制研究[D]. 大连: 大连海事大学, 2010.
[82]	KRISHNA PRIYA K, RAMESH M, SARAVANAN M, et al. Ecological risk assessment of silicon dioxide nanoparticles in a freshwater fish Labeo rohita:Hematology, ionoregulation and gill Na⁺/K⁺ATPase activity[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2015, 120:295-302. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.032
[83]	王博, 潘进芬, 徐婷.海洋环境中纳米金属的生物吸收及生物效应[J].生态毒理学报, 2014, 9(6):1005-1013. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STDL201406001.htm
[84]	李钰婷, 张亚雷, 代朝猛, 等.纳米零价铁颗粒去除水中重金属的研究进展[J].环境化学, 2012, 31(9):1349-1354. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJHX201209011.htm
[85]	WU YUAN, ZHOU QUNFANG. Dose-and time-related changes in aerobic metabolism, chorionic disruption, and oxidative stress in embryonic medaka (Oryzias latipes):Underlying mechanisms for silver nanoparticle developmental toxicity[J].Aquatic Toxicology, 2012, (124-125):238-246.
[86]	CONNOLLY MONA, FERNANDEZ-CRUZ MARIA-LUISA, QUESADA-GARCIA ALBA, et al.Comparative Cytotoxicity Study of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a Variety of Rainbow Trout Cell Lines (RTL-W1, RTH-149, RTG-2) and Primary Hepatocytes[J].International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2015, 12(5):5386-5405. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120505386
[87]	HELEN C. POYNTON, JAMES M. LAZORCHAK, CHRISTOPHER A. IMPELLITTERI, et al.Toxicogenomic Responses of Nanotoxicity in Daphnia magna Exposed to Silver Nitrate and Coated Silver Nanoparticles[J].Environ Sci Technol, 2012, 46(11):6288-6296. doi: 10.1021/es3001618
[88]	JENNIFER MCTEER, ANDREW P. DEAN, KEITH N. WHITE, et al.Bioaccumulation of silver nanoparticles into Daphnia magnafrom a freshwater algal diet and the impact of phosphate availability[J].Nanotoxicology, 2014, 8(3):305-316. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2013.778346
[89]	CAROLIN VÖLKERA, INGA KÄMPKEN, CATHINKA BOEDICKER, et al.Toxicity of silver nanoparticles and ionic silver:Comparison of adverse effects and potential toxicity mechanisms in the freshwater clam Sphaerium corneum[J].Nanotoxicology, 2015, 9(6):677-685. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2014.963723
[90]	RANDALL J, BERNOT, MICHAEL BRANDENBURG.Freshwater snail vital rates affected by non-lethal concentrations of silver nanoparticles[J].Hydrobiologia, 2013, 714:25-34. doi: 10.1007/s10750-013-1509-6
[91]	CAROLIN VÖLKER, TONYA GRÄF, ILONA SCHNEIDER, et al.Combined effects of silver nanoparticles and 17α-ethinylestradiol on the freshwater mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res, 2014, 21:10661-10670. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3067-5
[92]	SUN-YOUNG PARK, JIWOONG CHUNG, BENJAMIN P. COLMAN, et al.Ecotoxicity of Bare and Coated Silver Nanoparticles in the Aquatic Midge, Chironomus Riparius[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2015, 34(9):2023-2032. doi: 10.1002/etc.v34.9
[93]	JULIA FABREGA, SAMUEL N. LUOMA VIJVER, CHARLES R. TYLER, et al. Silver nanoparticles:Behaviour and effects in the aquatic environment[J].Environment International, 2011, (37):517-531.
[94]	BETH C. NORMAN, MARGUERITE A. XENOPOULOS, DANIEL BRAUN, et al. Phosphorus Availability Alters the Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Periphyton Growth and Stoichiometry[J].PLOS ONE, 2015, 10(6):e0129328. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129328
[95]	李俊芳, 闫妍, 卢晓静.纳米粒子的生物安全性研究进展[J].材料导报, 2011, 25(1):49-52. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10200-2010179579.htm
[96]	TISHA C K, PAIGE N W, ANDREW N M, et al. Quantum Dot Nanotoxicity Assessment Using the Zebrafish Embryo[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2009, 43(5):1605-1611. doi: 10.1021/es801925c
[97]	LAN SONG, MARTINA G V, WILLIE J G M P, et al. A comparative analysis on the in vivo toxicity of copper nanoparticles in three species of freshwater fish[J].Chemosphere, 2015, 139:181-189. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.021
[98]	丛艺, 穆景利, 王菊英.纳米材料在水环境中的行为及其对水生生物的毒性效应[J].海洋湖沼通报, 2014, (3):112-120. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYFB201403016.htm
[99]	IGNACIO MORENO-GARRIDO, SARA PÉREZ, JULIÁN BLASCO. Toxicity of silver and gold nanoparticles on marine microalgae[J].Marine Environmental Research, 2015, 111:60-73. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.05.008
[100]	陶核, 兰志仙, 吴南翔.纳米材料对水生生物毒性效应及其机制的研究进展[J].环境与职业医学, 2014, 31(8):634-638. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJKZ201006003.htm