2022 Vol. 37, No. 2
Display Method:
2022, 37(2): 131-137.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.001
Abstract:
Objective Molecular mechanism of rice senescence was studied by locating and cloning the specific gene from a mutant artificially induced with early senescence. Methods Japonica rice Yunyin was treated with EMS to artificially induce a genetically stable early senescence w14. The mutant was crossed with Nipponbare to construct an isolated F2 population. Subsequently, equal parts of the DNA of 100 recessive and dominant plants in the population were mixed. The differential loci between these two DNA pools were analyzed by BSA-seq to locate the target early senescence-related gene. Results The early senescence phenotype of w14 was found to be controlled by a single recessive gene. The mutagenic gene mapped and identified by the specific sequence showed the main peak located in Chr 3 and the candidate interval Chr 3: 27.5–29.5 Mb. In the region, two qualified candidate causal variants were found. Conclusion The mutation site of the candidate gene Loc_ Os03g49210 located in the 2nd exon was determined to have changed in the wild-type from C to T. It was a non-synonymous mutation that resulted in the 20th amino acid encoded by the gene changed from T (threonine) to I (isoleucine) and led to the functional alternation. Being homologous with human BRCA1, the target gene was named OsBRCA1.
2022, 37(2): 138-145.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.002
Abstract:
Objective A high-yield, high-starch, wide-adaptability cassava cultivar was bred in Guangxi province for fresh consumption or further processing. Method A newly bred F1 progeny of crossing between the high-yield, low-starch Xinxuan 048 as female parent and the high-yield, high-starch, 1ow-hydrocyanic acid Guire 891 as male parent was generated by artificial pollination and induction. After seedling selection and a series of primary, intermediate, and advanced tests as well as regional and production trials, Guire No. 11 (GR11) was selected. Result As shown in the production trial, GR11 delivered an average tuber yield of 39.68 t·hm−2, which was 28.38% and 52.03% higher than SC No. 205 and SC No. 9, respectively. The tubers had a starch content of 32.4%, which was 3.7% higher than SC No. 205 and same as SC No. 9; a dry matters content of 40.7%, which was 4.7% higher than SC No. 205; an HCN content of 22.2 mg·kg−1 (based on FW); a rich content of nutrients (based on FW), such as 0.75 g·hg−1 on protein, 1.5 g·hg−1 on total sugar, 1.0% on crude fiber, 37.2 mg·hg−1 on vitamin C, and 123 μg·hg−1 on carotene. The new cultivar received the tropical crop variety certification on November 3, 2020. Conclusion The high and stable yield GR11 with wide adaptability was resistant to drought, cold, and mites, and its leaves did not fall off easily. It could be adequately cultivated in current cassava-producing areas in Guangxi, Hainan, and Jiangxi provinces for either fresh consumption, further processing, or as a raw material for manufacturing starch products.
2022, 37(2): 146-155.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.003
Abstract:
Objective Physiological response of Oplegnathus punctatus to the rate of temperature lowering was studied to optimize the live fish chill preservation technology for water-conservation transportation. Method Live and healthy O. punctatus were chilled at a rate of 1, 3, or 5 ℃·h−1 from 17.5–18.5 ℃ to the critical dormancy temperature of 10 ℃. Kept the fish out of water, in intervals of 0, 2, 4, and 6 h, sampling for the determination of various physiological indicators was conducted for a data analysis. Result The highest survival rate of O. punctatus in 6 h after the treatments was 76.7% with a chilling rate of 3 ℃·h−1. Under the chilling and low-temp preservation, the contents of cortisol, AST, ALT, MDA, GLU, and LAC in the fish of all treatment groups increased significantly (P＜0.05), while those of EPI, hepatic glycogen, and muscle glycogen significantly declined (P＜0.05). The serum indices of the fish chilled at all 3 rates for 6 h at 10 ℃ changed significantly (P＜0.05). The contents of EPI, cortisol, liver ALT, and hepatic glycogen were significantly higher under the 1 ℃·h−1 than the 3 ℃·h−1 or 5 ℃·h−1 treatment (P＜0.05) indicating a stronger stress response of the fish by the temperature lowering rate at 1 ℃·h−1 than the other two; while AST, MDA, and LAC were significantly higher under the 5 ℃·h−1 than the 1 ℃·h−1 or 3 ℃·h−1 treatment (P＜0.05) and EPI, AST, ALT, MDA, LAC, and hepatic glycogen significantly lower under the 3 ℃·h−1 than the 1 ℃·h−1 or 5 ℃·h−1 treatment (P＜0.05) showing the 3 ℃·h−1 rate of chilling minimized the effect of cold stress and lessen the liver injury on O. punctatus in the preservation process. Conclusion It appeared that a temperature lowering rate, such as 3 ℃·h−1, could be a tolerable threshold for the fish to make adequate acclimation to recover from physiological ill-effects with a high survival rate out of water at 10 ℃ for 6 h.
2022, 37(2): 156-163.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.004
Abstract:
Objective Shell structure and composition of eggs laid by different kinds of poultry were compared. Method Thirty eggs of Jiangnan white geese, Rugao yellow chickens, and Jinding ducks were examined for microstructures of the inner/outer surfaces and cross-sections of fragments from various parts under a scanning electron microscope, determined on the physical properties using a strength tester, measured for the thickness with a spiral micrometer, and analyzed on the chemical composition by standard methods. Result The egg weight, shell weight, and shell thickness of different species of poultry differed significantly (P＜0.05) with a ranking of goose eggs＞duck eggs＞chicken eggs. The shell strength, shape index, and weight ratio of the goose eggs were significantly higher than those of the chicken or duck eggs (P Conclusion Goose eggs are significantly different from chicken eggs and duck eggs in terms of shell strength, shell thickness and shell structure. The eggshell strength does not depend on the relative content of the elements, but is more affected by the ultrastructure of the eggshell, and the density of the eggshell directly affects the eggshell strength.
2022, 37(2): 164-169.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.005
Abstract:
Objective The recombinant protein of fragrance-regulating transcription factor JsMYB305 was obtained in preparation for studies on the molecular mechanism of terpenoid-regulation and interacting proteins of the gene in Jasminum sambac. Methods Coding sequence of JsMYB305 was constructed into prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-4T-1 by enzyme digestion and ligation, then, transformed into the BL21 (DE3) expressing strain. The protein expression was induced by IPTG, and the recombinant protein separated and purified using GST affinity resin followed by western blot for positive identification. Result After induction by 0.2 mmol·L−1 IPTG, the recombinant protein was purified at the optimized temperature of 28 ℃ for 4 h and eluted with 20 mmol·L−1 GSH for purification. The western blot confirmed the protein weight to be as expected. Conclusion The recombinant protein of JsMYB305 was successfully obtained to pave the way for further studies on the search for the interacting proteins by GST-pull down technique and the binding of the gene to specific promoter sites by EMSA.
2022, 37(2): 170-177.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.006
Abstract:
Objective Expression of PsWRKY33 Method Unrooted phylogenetic tree representing relationships among protein sequences of PsWRKY33 was constructed using Nane and other plants through by MEGA 6.06 software. The promoter sequence was cloned by chromosome stepping technique. The cis-acting regulatory elements in the upstream promoter region at the 5′ end of PsWRKY33 were predicted according to the PlantCARE database. Transgenic plants were obtained by using the Arabidopsis immersion method. Histochemical staining and GUS enzyme activity were performed on the transgenic seedlings under different stresses. Result The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the PsWRKY protein was most closely related to Arabidopsis WRKY33, thus the gene was named PsWRKY33. The 1 872 bp length of 5′ end upstream in PsWRKY33 was obtained, from Nane via genome walking technology. The promoter region contained motifs of hormones (ABRE and ARE) and biotic stresses (LTR, MYB, W-box, and other cis-acting elements). Then, the 3 5′-deletion fragments were constructed. The histochemical staining and GUS activity measurement showed that the full PsWRKY33 promoter fragment mainly expressed in leaves, petals, and peduncles, and its expression decreased with the loss of fragments. Under low temperature, the various fragments of PsWRKY33 promoter were upregulated, but downregulated under SA stress. Conclusion
2022, 37(2): 178-187.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.007
Abstract:
Objective Continuous cultivation by keeping tulip bulbs in ground for additional season to replace the wasteful and costly conventional practice was evaluated according to the ornamental value of the plants under treatment. Method Thirty-six Dutch tulip cultivars were planted for two consecutive years without digging out the bulbs in the autumn prior to 2nd year growth as handled by the conventional practice. Aboveground phenotypic traits including plant height, basal leaf number, length of the longest leaf, length of the shortest leaf, width of the longest leaf, width of the shortest leaf, flower diameter, length of petal, and length of flower stem of the plants were measured in two years and followed by a principal component analysis on the data. Result The sprouting of the 36 cultivars after one year of cultivation showed a rate ranging from 16.51% to 86.68%. The reduction of the new shoot emerging rate was between 7.14-82.10%, with 17 cultivars less than 40% on the decline. The statistical analysis indicated 9 traits (i.e., plant height, basal leaf number, length of the longest leaf, length of the shortest leaf, width of the longest leaf, width of the shortest leaf, flower diameter, length of flower stem, and leaf area) to be the principal components for the ornamental evaluation. Of the 36 cultivars, 55.5% ranked with upgraded scores after the continuous cultivation and 19.4% downgraded. Taking sprouting rate, evaluation score, and number of increased or decreased phenotype rank into consideration, the 6 cultivars with high and stable ornamental value were Yellow Pomponette, Negrita, Leen Van Der Mark, Christmas Marvel, Pink Pomponette, and Parade. Conclusion Six tulip cultivars were considered suitable for continuous tulip horticulture in Xining and/or areas with similar environmental and climatic conditions.
2022, 37(2): 188-196.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.008
Abstract:
Objective Effect of introducing various arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soil on the growth and salt-tolerance of tomato plants was studied. Method After a preliminary screening, two potentially applicable AMF, Moses (F.m) and rhizosphere (R.i), were added to potting soils with salt concentrations of 0 (CK) and 100 mmol·L−1 for a tomato plant cultivation experimentation. Physiological and photosynthetic properties of the plants were monitored. Result The AMF-treatments increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 47.4%, peroxidase (POD) activity by 32.9%, catalase (CAT) activity by 35.7%, malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 61.8%, and proline (PRO) content by 6% of the tomato plants under the imposed salt stress. Meanwhile, the mycorrhizal infection rate and photosynthetic intensity decreased by 27.8% and 54.6%, respectively. The inoculation effectively enhanced the resistance of the host plants to high salinity. The proline content of the tomato plants grown on the F.m-inoculated soil declined 60.7%, which was 2.2 times of that on R.i-inoculated counterpart. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of the tomato plants on the F.m-inoculated soil increased by 49.1% and 35.4%, respectively, which were 1.4 times of R.i-inoculation. In addition, the damage to the key photosynthesis enzymes was reduced, as the maximum increase rate of RuBP carboxylase in the tomato plants rose to 31.2% under the F.m-treatment and 1.1 times of which under R.i. Conclusion The introduction of AMF in soil could delay the adverse effect of high salinity on the physiological activities, improve the photosynthetic carbon assimilation and salt tolerance, and promote the growth of tomato plants. Of the two candidates, F.m was shown to significantly superior to R.i for the application.
Effects of Temperature and Media on Cocultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius and Trichoderma harzianum
2022, 37(2): 197-202.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.009
Abstract:
Objective Growth and characteristics of 5 strains of Pleurotus pulmonarius and Trichoderma harzianum in cocultivation on different media at different temperatures were studied for the potential application in the mushroom cultivation. Method The growth rate and plate confrontation culture methods were used to observe the mycelial growth or antagonism of 5 strain of P. pulmonarius and T. harzianum in cocultivation on different media at different temperatures. Result Under same culture conditions, the mycelial growth of the mushroom strain 86-1 significantly differed from the rest of the 5 strains. The growth of Y710-14 at 25 ℃and 28 ℃ showed no significant differences but did from other 3 tested temperatures. The mycelial growth rates of X98ly-13, XD-13, 903-1, and 86-1 at 25-30 ℃did not differ significantly but significantly at 32 ℃and 34 ℃. Both T. harzianum and P. pulmonarius grew well at 25-32 ℃. The former grew significantly faster than the latter, and thus, covered all over the latter in time of coculture on medium. However, no apparent antagonism between the two species was evident. Insofar as culture medium is concerned, PDYA provided the strongest mycelial growth followed by PDSYA, while PDSA and PDA being average. Among the various strains, 86-1 grew the slowest on any of the media. On PDA or PDSYA, X98ly-13, Y710-14, XD-13, and 903-1 grew without any significant differences, so did X98ly-13, Y710-14, or 903-1 on PDSA. When starch was present as an ingredient in PDSA, the strains of mushrooms appeared whiter with milky white color, and no significant differences on the mycelia growth rate of X98ly-13, Y710-14, and 901-1. Conclusion The optimum growth temperature for Y710-14 was 30 ℃, and for the other strain 25 ℃. Both P. pulmonarius and T. harzianum grew well in same range of temperature, but the mushroom mycelia grew slower with lower tolerance to high temperature than T. harzianum. The medium containing yeast powder produced thicker mycelia with the strongest vitality, while that consisted of starch, whiter in color than otherwise. It appeared that there was an application potential of the cocultivation of P. pulmonarius and T. harzianum for the mushroom industry.
2022, 37(2): 203-212.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.010
Abstract:
Objective Dust retention of 7 typical species of evergreen trees in municipal Zhengzhou, Jiangsu was studied. Method Deposit of dust falloff on leaves of the evergreen trees was collected by a 3-layer membrane filtration method. Physiological indicators and surface structure of the tree leaves in areas under varied degrees of atmospheric pollution were compared. Result On a per unit leaf area basis, the dust retention of coniferous evergreens was significantly higher than that of broadleaf counterparts. Of the conifers, Sabina chinensis was higher in retaining dust than Cedrus deodara, while the broadleaf Ligustrum lucidum the highest and Nandina domestica the lowest. Most trees in severely polluted areas were relatively low on the contents of chlorophyll a and b but high on malondialdehyde, as the leaves tended to gather more dust. A significant correlation was also observed between the dust retention and physiological indicators of the tree leaves. Dust particles largely collected in the grooves, midribs, and stomata on a plant, and the size and density of the stomata could be affected by the worsened air pollution and so the dust retention. A principal component analysis on the pollution resistance of the evergreens placed the species in a descending order of C. deodara, S. chinensis, L. lucidum, Photinia serratifolia, Buxus megistophylla, Pittosporum tobira, and N. domestica. Conclusion For an ecological-friendly urban landscaping in Zhengzhou, it would be more desirable to choose C. deodara and S. chinensis than the others.
2022, 37(2): 213-223.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.011
Abstract:
Objectives Eruca sativa seed germination and seedling tolerance to 4 types of salts were studied in a simulated experimentation for breeding and cultivar selection. Methods Three lines of E. sativa cultivars, 15 Yunjie 4, 11 Yunjie 32-1, and 16 Yunjie 9, under the stress by 4 types of salt in varied concentrations, including 30-300 mmol·L−1 NaCl, 30-150 mmol·L−1 Na2SO4, 15-60 mmol·L−1 NaHCO3, and 5-30 mmol·L−1 Na2CO3, were used in the experimentation. In the prepared media, the rate, potential, and index of seed germination as well as the weight, radicle length, and hypocotyl length of new shoots were determined. The critical salt concentration beyond which irrevocable damage occurred to the plant and the tolerance threshold to stress imposed by a specific salt at which a plant could still revert to normal conditions were obtained for a multiple indicator evaluation on the E. sativa lines. Results (1) The least critical concentration and the tolerance threshold to the exposure of individual salt by E. sativa were found when these indicators were gauged by the radical seedling length. Therefore, the measurement was selected for the evaluation. (2) At either the alkaline Na+ was greater or equal to 30 mmol·L−1 or the neutral Na+ greater or equal to 180 mmol·L−1, the seed germination and seedling growth were significantly inhibited. (3) Under NaCl or Na2SO4 stress, 15 Yunjie 4 displayed the strongest tolerance, followed by 11 Yunjie 32-1 and 16 Yunjie 9. On Na2CO3, 15 Yunjie 4 was most tolerant, which was followed by 16 Yunjie 9 and 11 Yunjie 32-1. NaHCO3 was best tolerated by 16 Yunjie 9 and followed by 15 Yunjie 4 and 11 Yunjie 32-1. And (4) among the 3 cultivars, 15 Yunjie 4 had the highest critical salt concentrations as well as tolerance thresholds in dealing with the various salts. It showed a threshold at 158 mmol·L−1 on NaCl, 88 mmol·L−1 on Na2SO4, and 16.3 mmol·L−1 on Na2CO3, and a critical concentration on NaCl at 264 mmol·L−1, on Na2SO4 at 30 mmol·L−1, and on Na2CO3 at 23 mmol·L−1. However, 16 Yunjie 9 exhibited a high tolerance to NaHCO3 with the greatest threshold at 42 mmol·L−1 and a critical concentration at 64 mmol·L−1. Conclusion The effect of stress exerted by NaCl on E. sativa seed germination was less sever than that by Na2SO4, and that by NaHCO3 lower than Na2CO3. The NaCl and Na2SO4 tolerance of the cultivars were consistently ranked as 15 Yunjie 4＞11 Yunjie 32-1＞16 Yunjie 9; the NaHCO3 tolerance as 16 Yunjie 9＞15 Yunjie 4＞11 Yunjie 32-1; and the Na2CO3 tolerance as 15 Yunjie 4＞16 Yunjie 9＞11 Yunjie 32-1. The information would provide a guideline for future studies on the cultivation and management of E. sativa farming on saline-alkali land.
2022, 37(2): 224-232.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.012
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Objective Changes in the cell structure and gene expression of leaf caused by the pathogenesis of lily upper leaf necrosis (ULN) were studied to understand the molecular mechanism of the disease on Oriental Lily Tarrango (Lilium tarrango) . Methods Ultrastructure of the leaves from normal as well as mildly and severely ULN-infected lily plants was examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a projection electron microscope (TEM). Transcriptome sequences of the leaf specimens with or without calcium spraying were compared to identify the differentially expressed genes. Result The size of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf surface shrank as the ULN worsened with vacuolar water loss. A total of 7 185 differentially expressed genes were identified that included 5 860 specific and 1 325 common differentially expressed genes. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the genes were enriched in the metabolic pathways, pyruvate metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and carbon fixation of photosynthetic organisms in all 4 groups of specimens with or without calcium spraying. FOLK, PLD1_2, ATPeF1B, KCS, CALM, ENO, and pel were significantly downregulated during the progress of ULN on the leaves. After the calcium spraying, CALM, CPK, EIN2, AUX1, PLD1_2, and SORD were upregulated. Conclusion Calcium deficiency was deemed to be the key factor that led to ULN on the lily plants. The deficiency produced the symptoms, such as vacuolar moisture loss and cellular shrinkage, might be regulated by the hormone metabolisms related to abscisic acid, ethylene, and auxin.
2022, 37(2): 233-239.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.013
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Objective Bacterial community structure and diversity in the rhizosphere soils of healthy and black shank-infected tobacco fields were compared for early disease prevention and ecological regulation of the agriculture. Method Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was performed on the soil samples to determine the bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere soil. Result There were 4 763 bacterial OTUs in the rhizosphere soil at the lot of healthy tobacco plants and 4 653 in that of the diseased plants. The reductions on total number of OTUs was 2.31% and 3% on the unique OTUs as affected by the infecting disease on the plants. The microbial diversity was significantly reduced, as the Shannon, ACE, and Chao1 indices declined by 3.05%, 21.29%, and 15.23%, respectively. The dominant species in them were significantly different as well, with the relative abundance of Bacteroidota and Myxococcotain decreased by 59.13% and 20.38%, respectively, while those of Firmicutes and Methylomirabilota increased by 34.17% and 117.19%, respectively. At genus level, Nocardioides predominantly presented in the rhizosphere soil of healthy tobacco plants at 4.99%, but not detected at the lot infected by black shank. Conclusion The bacterial community structure was significantly altered and species diversity significantly decreased in the rhizosphere soil as the tobacco plants were infected with the black shank disease.
2022, 37(2): 240-246.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.014
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Objective Effects of various pollution control methods on Cd accumulation and transport between contaminated soil and rice plants grown on the land were analyzed. Method Field experiments were conducted on the contaminated lots at Liling and Yiyang of Hunan Province to investigate the effects of various control measures, including eliminating atmospheric Cd deposition, cleansing land by irrigation, and removing contaminated spent straws from field, as well as applying lime on soil, along with returning cut rice straws to land as control (CK). Result Other than the lime application, the tested methods yielded no significant effects on Cd in soil in comparison to CK. Lime significantly neutralized Cd in soil and reduced the heavy metal content in rice grown on the lot. Compared with CK, the acid-extractable Cd in soil was lowest under the lime treatment and highest with straws removal, which also resulted in partial conversion of the reducible Cd to the acid-extractable fractions. The lime application, atmospheric pollution cutoff, or irrigation with groundwater could lower the Cd bioconcentration and accumulation in the aboveground rice tissues. For instance, a reduction on Cd in rice grains of approximately 40% by the lime application or 8% by the atmospheric interception was achieved. Conclusion The treatments on Cd contaminated soil by lime application, deposition prevention, water cleansing, or straw removal could reduce in varying degrees of heavy metal accumulation in rice improving safety of the food consumption.
2022, 37(2): 247-257.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.015
Abstract:
Objective Changes in soil enzyme activities and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry of the degrading Hylocereus undatus forests in karst rocky desertification areas were investigated. Method Pitaya growing areas with varying degrees of degradation, i.e., no degradation (ND), light degradation (LD), moderate degradation (MD), and severe degradation (SD), were targeted for the study. One-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and redundancy analysis (RDA) were conducted to analyze the variations on the activities of β-glucosidase (βGC), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosidase (NAG), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and acid phosphatase (ACP) as well as the ecoenzymatic stoichiometry in 0–30 cm soil layers at the sampling areas. Result (1) Among the soil enzymes, βGC and ACP generally increased followed by a decline with increased degree of degradation. NAG differed significantly only in the soils in 10–20 cm and 20–30 cm layers. LAP was greater in SD and MD than ND area. In general, the LAP+NAG activities increased with the progress of degradation. (2) Soil enzyme C:N decreased with increasing degradation, but the ratios of C:P and N:P increased to some extent, indicating changes occurred on resource utilization by the degraded pitaya forest. As the degradation deepened, the vector L of ecoenzymatic stoichiometry enlarged to maximize in MD; the vector A decreased to bottom out in SD; and all vectors A remained less than 45°, which suggested that the microbial growth in soil was restricted by N availability. (3) An RDA analysis indicated that the soil physicochemical properties could explain 83.4% of the variation in soil enzyme and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry, and that AP and TN were the key factors that covered 47.5% and 24.3%, respectively, of the variation. Conclusion The microorganisms in soil of degraded H. undatus forests in karst rocky desertification areas were N-limited. Such nutrient restriction further aggravated the degradation. Conceivably, the enzyme activities and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry of the degraded pitaya forest soil could be remedied and rejuvenated by proper N and P fertilization.
2022, 37(2): 258-266.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.016
Abstract:
Objective Growth characteristics of 20 varieties of Astragalus sinicus L. were examined for cultivation as green manure in Fujian. Method In a field experiment, characteristics of selected A. sinicus plants in different growth periods were monitored for a comprehensive evaluation by means of membership function and cluster analyses. Result There were significant differences in plant height, stem thick, green leaf count, root length, and root/shoot ratio among the 20 varieties at different growth periods (P＜0.05). Respectively, they ranged from 11.35 to 106.11 cm, from 1.78 to 5.23 cm, from 10.38 to 41.40, from 7.20 to 17.73 cm, and from 0.03 to 0.75. The membership function values on the varieties ranked as Guizi No.7＞Nanqiao＞Xiangxiang＞Minzi No.7＞Xinyang＞Guangze＞Pingning No.72＞Xiangzi No.1＞84(8)7-1-1＞Yujiang Daye＞Changde＞Ningbo Daqiao＞Zhezi No.5＞Minzi No.6＞Shengzhong＞Jinsha＞Dawu＞Xiangzi No.7＞Guizaozi No.1＞Minzi No.1. According to the cluster analysis, Guizi No.7 displayed best on the growth characteristics, while Nanqiao, Pingning No.72, Xiangxiang, Changde, Guangze, Xiangzi No.1, Minzi No.6, Ningbo Daqiao, Minzi No.7, Dawu, Shengzhong, and 84(8)7-1-1 better, and Yujiang Daye, Zhezi No.5, Xinyang, Jinsha, Xiangzi No.7, Guizaozi No.1, and Minzi No.1 poor. The two separate analyses rendered same conclusion on the evaluation. Conclusion Guizi No.7 appeared to have the most desirable growth characteristics and was consider the top choice for cultivation promotion in Fujian.
2022, 37(2): 267-272.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.002.017
Abstract:
Plant endophytes can promote plant growth and resistance to stress. They can be applied to repair damages caused by environmental pollution and protect endangered species. Certain symbiosis-related genes and microRNAs play an important role in the interactions between plants and endophytes. As a post-transcriptional regulator, microRNA associates with the regulation of plant growth and stress-resistance. This article reviews the functions of plant endophytes and the role of microRNAs plays in the plant-endophyte interactions. It is recommended future research efforts to focus not only on how and what endophytes affect plants but also the roles of plants on endophytes, as well as the non-model plants, microbial interactions, functions of microRNA in plant-endophyte interactions, and resource explorations.
Plant endophytes can promote plant growth and resistance to stress. They can be applied to repair damages caused by environmental pollution and protect endangered species. Certain symbiosis-related genes and microRNAs play an important role in the interactions between plants and endophytes. As a post-transcriptional regulator, microRNA associates with the regulation of plant growth and stress-resistance. This article reviews the functions of plant endophytes and the role of microRNAs plays in the plant-endophyte interactions. It is recommended future research efforts to focus not only on how and what endophytes affect plants but also the roles of plants on endophytes, as well as the non-model plants, microbial interactions, functions of microRNA in plant-endophyte interactions, and resource explorations.
