2014 Vol. 29, No. 9
Display Method:
2014, 29(9): 821-825.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.001
Abstract:
In order to study the adaptation and propagation of goose parvovirus (GPV) in Muscovy duck embryo fibroblast (MDEF) , cultures through serial passages, and PCR assay, indirect immunofluorescence, flow cytometry were used to study the biological characteristics of GPV.Specified genomic nonstructural protein (NS) gene of GPV with the segment lengths of 734 bp was amplified by PCR, and PCR assays showed that the cell cultured 65 h after inoculate with 10-6 dilution of virus suspensions could be recognized specifically.Immunofluorescent studies showed that the infected MDEF had fluorescence characteristics using purified rabbit polyclonal antibody against GPV.The flow cytometry assay demonstrated that the GPV propagated slowly in MDEF, and GPV infection would induce the apoptosis in early stage.The results indicated the GPV strain adapted to and propagated in MDEF without cytopathic effects (CPE) on the cultures.The study provides a basis for cell dependent correlation research of GPV.
In order to study the adaptation and propagation of goose parvovirus (GPV) in Muscovy duck embryo fibroblast (MDEF) , cultures through serial passages, and PCR assay, indirect immunofluorescence, flow cytometry were used to study the biological characteristics of GPV.Specified genomic nonstructural protein (NS) gene of GPV with the segment lengths of 734 bp was amplified by PCR, and PCR assays showed that the cell cultured 65 h after inoculate with 10-6 dilution of virus suspensions could be recognized specifically.Immunofluorescent studies showed that the infected MDEF had fluorescence characteristics using purified rabbit polyclonal antibody against GPV.The flow cytometry assay demonstrated that the GPV propagated slowly in MDEF, and GPV infection would induce the apoptosis in early stage.The results indicated the GPV strain adapted to and propagated in MDEF without cytopathic effects (CPE) on the cultures.The study provides a basis for cell dependent correlation research of GPV.
2014, 29(9): 826-831.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.002
Abstract:
Safety allowance dose in Se-enforced drinking water was studied for laying seleniferous eggs.Comparing with ordinary drinking water, sodium selenite were added into drinking water at 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75 and 2.00mg·L-1, respectively, and offered for 30 weeks.Se content in eggs was analyzed during the drinking period, while Se content in breast, leg bone and liver were tested at the end of the trial.Selenium enrichment in eggs was observed significantly in five weeks drinking effect.By the end of trial with adding Sodium selenite 1.00-1.75mg·L-1, Se content of eggs enriched to 0.321-0.470mg·kg-1 about 1.8-2.6times of Se in normal eggs, while the se content in the fresh breast of the layer was about 0.02-0.50mg·kg-1.The experimental birds behaved normal within entire trial period.There was no significant difference in egg production capability of laying hen observed between various sodium selenite doses.The results also indicated that further study might be request in safety allowanced dose specifically for se content in liver and bone tissues.
Safety allowance dose in Se-enforced drinking water was studied for laying seleniferous eggs.Comparing with ordinary drinking water, sodium selenite were added into drinking water at 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75 and 2.00mg·L-1, respectively, and offered for 30 weeks.Se content in eggs was analyzed during the drinking period, while Se content in breast, leg bone and liver were tested at the end of the trial.Selenium enrichment in eggs was observed significantly in five weeks drinking effect.By the end of trial with adding Sodium selenite 1.00-1.75mg·L-1, Se content of eggs enriched to 0.321-0.470mg·kg-1 about 1.8-2.6times of Se in normal eggs, while the se content in the fresh breast of the layer was about 0.02-0.50mg·kg-1.The experimental birds behaved normal within entire trial period.There was no significant difference in egg production capability of laying hen observed between various sodium selenite doses.The results also indicated that further study might be request in safety allowanced dose specifically for se content in liver and bone tissues.
2014, 29(9): 832-838.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.003
Abstract:
To get the appropriate composition of proportion for the polyculture of H.discus and seaweed, this study can be divided into two parts.First, different density of seaweeds (U.lactucaand G asiatica) were set to grow in effluent from aquaculture for 24 hour, of which the content changing of NH+4-N, NO-2-N, NO-3-N, PO3-4-P were tested.The result showed that the purification effect was upregulated with the increase of the density.Because too much seaweed would hinder the abalone's growth, we chose the suitable density of 3g·L-1 and 6g·L-1 for U.lactucaand G asiatica.Second, we set different density of H.discus for polyculture with 3g·L-1 of U.lactucaand 6g·L-1 of G asiatica, respectively, and discovered that with the increase of H.discus density, its growth speed went down respectivly.The growth speed of H.discus of the 400 per pond group showed no significant difference with that of the 200 per pond group, but significantly different with which of the 600 per pond group, thus we regarded the density of 400 per pond as the appropriate one for H.discus.And the result also showed that when the density of H.discus was constant, U.lactucacould provide better purification effect then G asiatica, and higher growth speed of H.discus as well.
To get the appropriate composition of proportion for the polyculture of H.discus and seaweed, this study can be divided into two parts.First, different density of seaweeds (U.lactucaand G asiatica) were set to grow in effluent from aquaculture for 24 hour, of which the content changing of NH+4-N, NO-2-N, NO-3-N, PO3-4-P were tested.The result showed that the purification effect was upregulated with the increase of the density.Because too much seaweed would hinder the abalone's growth, we chose the suitable density of 3g·L-1 and 6g·L-1 for U.lactucaand G asiatica.Second, we set different density of H.discus for polyculture with 3g·L-1 of U.lactucaand 6g·L-1 of G asiatica, respectively, and discovered that with the increase of H.discus density, its growth speed went down respectivly.The growth speed of H.discus of the 400 per pond group showed no significant difference with that of the 200 per pond group, but significantly different with which of the 600 per pond group, thus we regarded the density of 400 per pond as the appropriate one for H.discus.And the result also showed that when the density of H.discus was constant, U.lactucacould provide better purification effect then G asiatica, and higher growth speed of H.discus as well.
2014, 29(9): 839-844.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.004
Abstract:
The crosses were made from five early indica-deviation restorer lines derived from indica-japonica cross, including Minghui 198, Minghui 185 and three indica three-line sterile lines and two-line sterile lines, including Qifeng A, M10 Sto understand their combining abilities on seven mainly agronomic traits, respectively.A 5×5incomplete diallele cross (NC-Ⅱ) design was employed.The results showed that, (1) the genotype variances of the general combining ability (GCA) of seven mainly agronomic traits were accounted for more than 50%of the total variance, indicating that the gene additive effect played a leading role in the formation of mainly agronomic traits. (2) indica-deviation rice early restorer line took a great contribution to the formation of plant height and yield. (3) The general combining ability and the special combining ability were both higher on the characteristics of R1 (Minghui 198) and R3 (Minghui 2155) , showed that indica-deviation rice early restorer Minghui 198 and Minghui2155had higher value. (4) The combination of general combining ability and special combining ability of the parents did not exist close certain corresponding relationship.
The crosses were made from five early indica-deviation restorer lines derived from indica-japonica cross, including Minghui 198, Minghui 185 and three indica three-line sterile lines and two-line sterile lines, including Qifeng A, M10 Sto understand their combining abilities on seven mainly agronomic traits, respectively.A 5×5incomplete diallele cross (NC-Ⅱ) design was employed.The results showed that, (1) the genotype variances of the general combining ability (GCA) of seven mainly agronomic traits were accounted for more than 50%of the total variance, indicating that the gene additive effect played a leading role in the formation of mainly agronomic traits. (2) indica-deviation rice early restorer line took a great contribution to the formation of plant height and yield. (3) The general combining ability and the special combining ability were both higher on the characteristics of R1 (Minghui 198) and R3 (Minghui 2155) , showed that indica-deviation rice early restorer Minghui 198 and Minghui2155had higher value. (4) The combination of general combining ability and special combining ability of the parents did not exist close certain corresponding relationship.
2014, 29(9): 845-848.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.005
Abstract:
Two-factor randomized block design was applied to the effects on Yield and Major Agronomic Traits between Different Cultivation Patterns and Nitrogen Application Amounts for Variety Liangyou 616 (Oryzae sativa L.) .The results showed that the leaf area index (LAI) was increased in full-heading and maturing stages with the wide-narrow row alternation forms (T1) compared with the conventional planting (T2) , Further the effective panicles and grain number per panicle were not only increased, but also the level of yield was improved.The yield of wide-narrow row alternation form was also notably increased with nitrogen application rates improved under the condition of selected nitrogen.But too much nitrogen fertilizer application was not benefical for yield increased under the condition of the conventional planting.
Two-factor randomized block design was applied to the effects on Yield and Major Agronomic Traits between Different Cultivation Patterns and Nitrogen Application Amounts for Variety Liangyou 616 (Oryzae sativa L.) .The results showed that the leaf area index (LAI) was increased in full-heading and maturing stages with the wide-narrow row alternation forms (T1) compared with the conventional planting (T2) , Further the effective panicles and grain number per panicle were not only increased, but also the level of yield was improved.The yield of wide-narrow row alternation form was also notably increased with nitrogen application rates improved under the condition of selected nitrogen.But too much nitrogen fertilizer application was not benefical for yield increased under the condition of the conventional planting.
2014, 29(9): 849-853.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.006
Abstract:
Growth characteristics and population construction of Mintian 208 were studied.Growth characteristic results showed that the growth period of Mintian 208 is 86-90 days in spring or 73-76 days in autumn in Fuzhou, and the growth are slowly in the first stages, shortly stong growth at middle and fast presenility at late stages.Our results suggest that sowing quality should be well and all management should be on time.Population construction results showed that leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) of Mintian 208 are high and their peak values sustains longer, LAI affects NAR most significantly between booting stage and heading stage, suggesting that the key measures for high yield are increasing plant density to ensure plentiful grain number, accumulating dry matter after heading stage and increasing rate of grain.Meanwhile, optimal planting density was 5760thousand plants per hectare.
Growth characteristics and population construction of Mintian 208 were studied.Growth characteristic results showed that the growth period of Mintian 208 is 86-90 days in spring or 73-76 days in autumn in Fuzhou, and the growth are slowly in the first stages, shortly stong growth at middle and fast presenility at late stages.Our results suggest that sowing quality should be well and all management should be on time.Population construction results showed that leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) of Mintian 208 are high and their peak values sustains longer, LAI affects NAR most significantly between booting stage and heading stage, suggesting that the key measures for high yield are increasing plant density to ensure plentiful grain number, accumulating dry matter after heading stage and increasing rate of grain.Meanwhile, optimal planting density was 5760thousand plants per hectare.
2014, 29(9): 854-858.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.007
Abstract:
10Quanhua series peanut cultivars bred since 1996 were analyzed for their genetic improvement of main traits and pedigree.The results showed that the main traits of Quanhua series peanut cultivars had been improved significantly.Among the 14 direct parents associated with the 10 peanut cultivars, Quanhua 327 and Yueyou 92 were more frequently applied.Pedigree analysis showed that Quanhua 10 and Quanhua 327 were the core parents of Quanhua sereis, with which 7cultivars presented consanguineous relationship, and three of them even had kinship with both the two cultivars.This study also made discussions about the modification of genetic basis, anti-bacterial resistance, parent selection and breeding methods of Quanhua series peanut cultivars which would benefit new cultivars breeding.
10Quanhua series peanut cultivars bred since 1996 were analyzed for their genetic improvement of main traits and pedigree.The results showed that the main traits of Quanhua series peanut cultivars had been improved significantly.Among the 14 direct parents associated with the 10 peanut cultivars, Quanhua 327 and Yueyou 92 were more frequently applied.Pedigree analysis showed that Quanhua 10 and Quanhua 327 were the core parents of Quanhua sereis, with which 7cultivars presented consanguineous relationship, and three of them even had kinship with both the two cultivars.This study also made discussions about the modification of genetic basis, anti-bacterial resistance, parent selection and breeding methods of Quanhua series peanut cultivars which would benefit new cultivars breeding.
2014, 29(9): 859-863.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.008
Abstract:
In this study, Huang Dan was selected as experimental materials, using the technique of artificial cover shading of tea garden which could adjust the light, then steamed green tea and oolong tea samples were prepared for comparative analysis of the contents of total catechins, ester and non-esterified catechins.The results showed cover shading had affects on the total content of catechins both in steamed green tea and oolong tea samples.With the increase of shading degree, the total contents of catechins in both tea samples showed declining trend overall, the mass fraction change (compared with CK, similarly hereinafter) ranged respectively:steamed green tea samples, from 3.08%to 10.61%, and oolong tea samples, from 2.65%to 10.61%;in both samples the mass fraction of ester catechins ranged respectively from-1.63%to 5.28%and from-19.96%to 10.35%;the mass fraction of non-esterified catechins ranged respectively from 9.90%to 24.18% and from 2.90%to 19.82%.Although both ester and non-erterified catechins declined as the increasing of shading degree, but the ester catechin percentage of total catechin was increased, ranged from 4.32%to 10.05%;on the contrary, the esterified catechin was declined from 5.10% to 15.17%.While, the ratio of ester and non-esterified catechins also showed bigger with the increasing of shading degrees.In conclusion, the study showed that the effects of shading treatment on total content and components of catechins could reach or be close to the levels of the difference among different tea plant varieties.
In this study, Huang Dan was selected as experimental materials, using the technique of artificial cover shading of tea garden which could adjust the light, then steamed green tea and oolong tea samples were prepared for comparative analysis of the contents of total catechins, ester and non-esterified catechins.The results showed cover shading had affects on the total content of catechins both in steamed green tea and oolong tea samples.With the increase of shading degree, the total contents of catechins in both tea samples showed declining trend overall, the mass fraction change (compared with CK, similarly hereinafter) ranged respectively:steamed green tea samples, from 3.08%to 10.61%, and oolong tea samples, from 2.65%to 10.61%;in both samples the mass fraction of ester catechins ranged respectively from-1.63%to 5.28%and from-19.96%to 10.35%;the mass fraction of non-esterified catechins ranged respectively from 9.90%to 24.18% and from 2.90%to 19.82%.Although both ester and non-erterified catechins declined as the increasing of shading degree, but the ester catechin percentage of total catechin was increased, ranged from 4.32%to 10.05%;on the contrary, the esterified catechin was declined from 5.10% to 15.17%.While, the ratio of ester and non-esterified catechins also showed bigger with the increasing of shading degrees.In conclusion, the study showed that the effects of shading treatment on total content and components of catechins could reach or be close to the levels of the difference among different tea plant varieties.
2014, 29(9): 864-869.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.009
Abstract:
This paper using Syzygium samarangense cutting plants as materials to select evaluation characters and index classification to probe into the quality criterion of Syzygium samarangense cutting seedlings, and measure and analyze root numbers, root diameter, root length, root weight, plant height, stem diameter, shoot numbers, shoot length and shoot leaf numbers under the rapid propagation system of germchit intelligent monitor and control.The results showed that there was significant or remarkably significant positive correlation between plant height with other parameters, while there was also the same correlation between stem diameter with other parameters.The characteristics of plant height and stem diameter can reflect aboveground growth conditions better.The relationships of root numbers, root diameter and root length were weak, which can reflect root system developed degree by summarizing their traits.The plant height, stem diameter, root numbers, root diameter and root length of Syzygium samarangense cutting seedlings were selected as its quality criterion evaluation characters.In this paper we graded the evaluation character indexes and established the quality criterion of Syzygium samarangense cutting seedlings.
This paper using Syzygium samarangense cutting plants as materials to select evaluation characters and index classification to probe into the quality criterion of Syzygium samarangense cutting seedlings, and measure and analyze root numbers, root diameter, root length, root weight, plant height, stem diameter, shoot numbers, shoot length and shoot leaf numbers under the rapid propagation system of germchit intelligent monitor and control.The results showed that there was significant or remarkably significant positive correlation between plant height with other parameters, while there was also the same correlation between stem diameter with other parameters.The characteristics of plant height and stem diameter can reflect aboveground growth conditions better.The relationships of root numbers, root diameter and root length were weak, which can reflect root system developed degree by summarizing their traits.The plant height, stem diameter, root numbers, root diameter and root length of Syzygium samarangense cutting seedlings were selected as its quality criterion evaluation characters.In this paper we graded the evaluation character indexes and established the quality criterion of Syzygium samarangense cutting seedlings.
2014, 29(9): 870-873.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.010
Abstract:
‘Huangjinmiyou'pomelo was used to study the effects of bagging on storage quality.The results showed that, bagging for 90 ddecrease water losing, and increase the rate of intact fruit to 94%96%, which is 6%8%higher than unbagged, and decrease fruit lignification degree.At the early stage of storage, soluble solid content and total sugar content of bagged fruits are lower compared with the control, but opposite at the later stage of storage.At the middle stage of storage, titratable acid increased and exceeded that of control after 60-day storage, suggesting that bagged fruits are resistant to storage.The content of vitamin C also increased.Therefore, bagging technology is encouraged to apply in the production to improve the postharvest storage performance.
‘Huangjinmiyou'pomelo was used to study the effects of bagging on storage quality.The results showed that, bagging for 90 ddecrease water losing, and increase the rate of intact fruit to 94%96%, which is 6%8%higher than unbagged, and decrease fruit lignification degree.At the early stage of storage, soluble solid content and total sugar content of bagged fruits are lower compared with the control, but opposite at the later stage of storage.At the middle stage of storage, titratable acid increased and exceeded that of control after 60-day storage, suggesting that bagged fruits are resistant to storage.The content of vitamin C also increased.Therefore, bagging technology is encouraged to apply in the production to improve the postharvest storage performance.
2014, 29(9): 874-878.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.011
Abstract:
To screen new Auricularia auricula-judae varieties with high-yield and high-quality agronomic characters in Fujian, 14 newA.auricula-judae varieties were introduced from Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hubei, etc.In the present study, ‘Au139'was used as control, which had been cultivted in Fujian province.In the end, the activity of mycelium (growth and speed) , comprehensive evaluation of ear base, fruiting body formation of agronomic traits, yield of dry ear, foaming rate and biological efficiency were compared and judged.Our results suggested that'916isolation', 'Xue Mei Heiwan'and'Xue Mei 1'had high-yield, high-quality and strong-resistance agronomic characters and they were suitable for cultivating in Fujian.
To screen new Auricularia auricula-judae varieties with high-yield and high-quality agronomic characters in Fujian, 14 newA.auricula-judae varieties were introduced from Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hubei, etc.In the present study, ‘Au139'was used as control, which had been cultivted in Fujian province.In the end, the activity of mycelium (growth and speed) , comprehensive evaluation of ear base, fruiting body formation of agronomic traits, yield of dry ear, foaming rate and biological efficiency were compared and judged.Our results suggested that'916isolation', 'Xue Mei Heiwan'and'Xue Mei 1'had high-yield, high-quality and strong-resistance agronomic characters and they were suitable for cultivating in Fujian.
2014, 29(9): 879-886.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.012
Abstract:
The content of emamectin benzoate in 15 pesticide products were detected by 4different high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods, and their detection effects advantage, disadvantages and applicable ranges were analyzed.The results showed that the average content of emamectin benzoate range from 1.09%to 3.87%with the relative standard deviations were 0.26%-1.96%, range from 0.48%to 0.95% with the relative standard deviations were 1.05%-2.02%, and range from 0.043% to 0.047% with the relative standard deviations were2.13%-4.65%, suggesting that the 4methods have high precision.The 4methods achieved better testing effort which the relative errors of 4different HPLC methods were less than 10% within the scope of the standards, suggesting that the 4 methods have their advantages and disadvantages and can be used for measurement of emamectin benzoate content except that the method 4is not suitable for dertermining the emamectin benzoate on mixed formulation of emamectin benzoate and cypermethrin or diafenthiuron.
The content of emamectin benzoate in 15 pesticide products were detected by 4different high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods, and their detection effects advantage, disadvantages and applicable ranges were analyzed.The results showed that the average content of emamectin benzoate range from 1.09%to 3.87%with the relative standard deviations were 0.26%-1.96%, range from 0.48%to 0.95% with the relative standard deviations were 1.05%-2.02%, and range from 0.043% to 0.047% with the relative standard deviations were2.13%-4.65%, suggesting that the 4methods have high precision.The 4methods achieved better testing effort which the relative errors of 4different HPLC methods were less than 10% within the scope of the standards, suggesting that the 4 methods have their advantages and disadvantages and can be used for measurement of emamectin benzoate content except that the method 4is not suitable for dertermining the emamectin benzoate on mixed formulation of emamectin benzoate and cypermethrin or diafenthiuron.
2014, 29(9): 887-890.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.013
Abstract:
In recent years, the root knot nematode disease often occurred in Ding ji, Huainan, cultivation and management cucumber by most grafting black seed pumpkin in this region.The main symptoms of ill root hair after grafting was swelling, decay of the parts root, little or no lateral roots and fibrous roots.The light root was mainly some number root node of the parts root.In this paper, through root distortion (root knot or root nodes) percentage statistics, nodule number, root knot percentage method, 3kinds of method to compare the cucumber (grafted black seed pumpkin) root knot nematode disease index.The results showed that disease index of the nodule number and root knot percentage method are 25.33 and 42.67, root distortion (root knot or root nodes) to calculate disease index is 61.33, significant differences on the P0.05 compared with the number of nodule and root node percentage.Root distortion (root knot or root nodes) compared with the nodule number and root knot percentage method, the former can reflect objectively damage of different degrees.
In recent years, the root knot nematode disease often occurred in Ding ji, Huainan, cultivation and management cucumber by most grafting black seed pumpkin in this region.The main symptoms of ill root hair after grafting was swelling, decay of the parts root, little or no lateral roots and fibrous roots.The light root was mainly some number root node of the parts root.In this paper, through root distortion (root knot or root nodes) percentage statistics, nodule number, root knot percentage method, 3kinds of method to compare the cucumber (grafted black seed pumpkin) root knot nematode disease index.The results showed that disease index of the nodule number and root knot percentage method are 25.33 and 42.67, root distortion (root knot or root nodes) to calculate disease index is 61.33, significant differences on the P0.05 compared with the number of nodule and root node percentage.Root distortion (root knot or root nodes) compared with the nodule number and root knot percentage method, the former can reflect objectively damage of different degrees.
2014, 29(9): 891-897.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.014
Abstract:
Five soil types (yellow soil, red earth, moisture sandy soil, alpine meadow soil and purple soil) from tea garden in Wuyishan City were investigated for the content of soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) , storage and distribution.The results showed that SOC and N content and storage differed significantly among five soil types and along soil vertical depths.The SOC and N contents were significantly higher in 0-20 cm soil layer than in 20-40, 40-60 and 60-80 cm soil layers for all five soil types, but the concentration decreased along with the soil vertical depths.The concentration profile of SOC and N indicated the up layer accumulation effect of SOC and N in the soils.Comparing in the same soil layer, the contents of SOC and total N were following in order as alpine meadow soil>yellow soil>purple soil>moisture sandy soil>red earth.The SOC storage in the same soil layer of 0-80 cm was in order as alpine meadow soil (253.29t·hm-2) >purple soil (134.17t·hm-2) >yellow soil (132.44t·hm-2) >moisture sandy soil (102.95t·hm-2) >red earth (46.28t·hm-2) .The soil TN storage demonstrated in the same trend as the SOC storage.The observation in this study showed significant positive correlation of soil organic carbon with total nitrogen, C/N and porosity, but SOC and N concentration on the other hand showed a significant negative correlation with soil bulk density.The SOC and N concentration had no significant correlation with soil moisture and pH value.
Five soil types (yellow soil, red earth, moisture sandy soil, alpine meadow soil and purple soil) from tea garden in Wuyishan City were investigated for the content of soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) , storage and distribution.The results showed that SOC and N content and storage differed significantly among five soil types and along soil vertical depths.The SOC and N contents were significantly higher in 0-20 cm soil layer than in 20-40, 40-60 and 60-80 cm soil layers for all five soil types, but the concentration decreased along with the soil vertical depths.The concentration profile of SOC and N indicated the up layer accumulation effect of SOC and N in the soils.Comparing in the same soil layer, the contents of SOC and total N were following in order as alpine meadow soil>yellow soil>purple soil>moisture sandy soil>red earth.The SOC storage in the same soil layer of 0-80 cm was in order as alpine meadow soil (253.29t·hm-2) >purple soil (134.17t·hm-2) >yellow soil (132.44t·hm-2) >moisture sandy soil (102.95t·hm-2) >red earth (46.28t·hm-2) .The soil TN storage demonstrated in the same trend as the SOC storage.The observation in this study showed significant positive correlation of soil organic carbon with total nitrogen, C/N and porosity, but SOC and N concentration on the other hand showed a significant negative correlation with soil bulk density.The SOC and N concentration had no significant correlation with soil moisture and pH value.
2014, 29(9): 898-903.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.015
Abstract:
Two Italian Ryegrass varieties (‘Maximus' and‘Hercules') were studied with pot-culture experiment in physiological and biochemical responses against waterlogging.The results showed that:with mild stress of waterlogging (water just covering soil) , the proline content of ‘Maximus' and ‘Hercules' was increased by225.6% and 509.7%, respectively, compared with control group although other compound indices observed no significant differences (P >0.05) .Under severe waterlogging (submerged soil for 4cm) , the significant physiochemical changes were observed while compared with control group (P<0.05) in the chlorophyll content in leaves of ‘Maximus' and ‘Hercules' decreased about 23.5% and 63.5%, respectively;the proline content of‘Maximus' and‘Hercules' increased by 405.9%and 513.8%, and the MDA content of both varieties increased by48.9%and 76.2%, respectively;the peroxidase activity of‘Maximus' and ‘Hercules' was increased by 204.0%and 74.1%, respectively, while superoxide dismutase and catalase activity were increased first and then decreased.With water slight covering, there was no significant change in plant physiology observed until the 7th day of waterlogging, while by deepwater submergence, the physiochemical responses started at the 4th day of treatment.The results suggested that the ryegrass could grow normally for 7days under the mild submergence but only for 4days whenever submerged with deepwater.
Two Italian Ryegrass varieties (‘Maximus' and‘Hercules') were studied with pot-culture experiment in physiological and biochemical responses against waterlogging.The results showed that:with mild stress of waterlogging (water just covering soil) , the proline content of ‘Maximus' and ‘Hercules' was increased by225.6% and 509.7%, respectively, compared with control group although other compound indices observed no significant differences (P >0.05) .Under severe waterlogging (submerged soil for 4cm) , the significant physiochemical changes were observed while compared with control group (P<0.05) in the chlorophyll content in leaves of ‘Maximus' and ‘Hercules' decreased about 23.5% and 63.5%, respectively;the proline content of‘Maximus' and‘Hercules' increased by 405.9%and 513.8%, and the MDA content of both varieties increased by48.9%and 76.2%, respectively;the peroxidase activity of‘Maximus' and ‘Hercules' was increased by 204.0%and 74.1%, respectively, while superoxide dismutase and catalase activity were increased first and then decreased.With water slight covering, there was no significant change in plant physiology observed until the 7th day of waterlogging, while by deepwater submergence, the physiochemical responses started at the 4th day of treatment.The results suggested that the ryegrass could grow normally for 7days under the mild submergence but only for 4days whenever submerged with deepwater.
2014, 29(9): 904-908.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.016
Abstract:
Industrial cultivated Pleurotus eryngii by-products were analyzed in contents of major nutrients, and estimated particularly in its protein value with non-biological evaluations.The results showed that, compared with commodity P.Eryngii mushrooms, the cultivated P.eryngii by-products contained similar nutrients in amount of ash, crude fat, crude polysaccharide, Ca, Fe, Zn and Se but higher in its crude protein than in the commodity mushrooms for 20.69%.The P.eryngii by-product contained 17 amino acids in total amino acids and total essential amino acids for 16.38g·hg-1 and 6.16g·hg-1, respectively.By indices of chemical score (CS) , amino acid score (AAS) and ratio coefficient of amino acid (RCAA) , the first limiting amino acid of P.eryngii by-product was determined in sulfur amino acids (methionine and cystine) , and higher in lysine and threonine than in other amino acids.The results suggested the optimal application in use of the by-products as the complementary of grains food.Comparatively, the indices of essential amino acid index (EAAI) , biological value (BV) and score of ratio coefficient of amino acid (SRCAA) were slightly lower in P.eryngii by-product than in commodity mushrooms, while nutritional index (NI) was slightly higher in P.Eryngii by-product than in commodity mushrooms but was similar with it of shiitake mushroom.The nutritional information indicated that Pleurotus eryngii by-product had great potential for further development in use.
Industrial cultivated Pleurotus eryngii by-products were analyzed in contents of major nutrients, and estimated particularly in its protein value with non-biological evaluations.The results showed that, compared with commodity P.Eryngii mushrooms, the cultivated P.eryngii by-products contained similar nutrients in amount of ash, crude fat, crude polysaccharide, Ca, Fe, Zn and Se but higher in its crude protein than in the commodity mushrooms for 20.69%.The P.eryngii by-product contained 17 amino acids in total amino acids and total essential amino acids for 16.38g·hg-1 and 6.16g·hg-1, respectively.By indices of chemical score (CS) , amino acid score (AAS) and ratio coefficient of amino acid (RCAA) , the first limiting amino acid of P.eryngii by-product was determined in sulfur amino acids (methionine and cystine) , and higher in lysine and threonine than in other amino acids.The results suggested the optimal application in use of the by-products as the complementary of grains food.Comparatively, the indices of essential amino acid index (EAAI) , biological value (BV) and score of ratio coefficient of amino acid (SRCAA) were slightly lower in P.eryngii by-product than in commodity mushrooms, while nutritional index (NI) was slightly higher in P.Eryngii by-product than in commodity mushrooms but was similar with it of shiitake mushroom.The nutritional information indicated that Pleurotus eryngii by-product had great potential for further development in use.
2014, 29(9): 909-912.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.017
Abstract:
The technology of microwave-assisted extracting polysaccharide from pitaya flower was studied.Three main parameters, microwave power, microwave extraction time and liquid-solid ratio were tested separately, and the optimum conditions of microwave-assisted extraction were obtained by orthogonal experiment.The result shows that, the optimal method was high fire, extracting time 40 s, and liquid-solid ratio 1∶40 (w/v) , with which the polysaccharides extraction yields of pitaya flower was (65.61±0.10) mg·g-1, indicating stablity and reproducibility.
The technology of microwave-assisted extracting polysaccharide from pitaya flower was studied.Three main parameters, microwave power, microwave extraction time and liquid-solid ratio were tested separately, and the optimum conditions of microwave-assisted extraction were obtained by orthogonal experiment.The result shows that, the optimal method was high fire, extracting time 40 s, and liquid-solid ratio 1∶40 (w/v) , with which the polysaccharides extraction yields of pitaya flower was (65.61±0.10) mg·g-1, indicating stablity and reproducibility.
2014, 29(9): 913-920.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.018
Abstract:
In order to automatically control the large-scale piggery environment with microbial fermentation bed, environmental monitoring and control system was designed and implemented.Environmental monitoring sensor, including temperature, humidity, light, wind direction, wind speed, CO2 content, NH3content, etc., could realize online real-time data collection;through expert system, the pigpen temperature was controlled below 30℃, humidity above 65%, and bed humidity above 65%.The control actuators varied as season, day or night, and wind speed, which included the wet curtain fan system, lighting system, micro injection system, spray irrigation system, axial flow fan system, electric aluminum alloy curtain system, roof spray irrigation system, etc.All actuator systems were combined cooperatively to control piggery environment.The control system was also equipped with remote video monitor interface, parameter remote monitoring curve interface, and remote operation interface, which provided the workers with good man-machine interface.
In order to automatically control the large-scale piggery environment with microbial fermentation bed, environmental monitoring and control system was designed and implemented.Environmental monitoring sensor, including temperature, humidity, light, wind direction, wind speed, CO2 content, NH3content, etc., could realize online real-time data collection;through expert system, the pigpen temperature was controlled below 30℃, humidity above 65%, and bed humidity above 65%.The control actuators varied as season, day or night, and wind speed, which included the wet curtain fan system, lighting system, micro injection system, spray irrigation system, axial flow fan system, electric aluminum alloy curtain system, roof spray irrigation system, etc.All actuator systems were combined cooperatively to control piggery environment.The control system was also equipped with remote video monitor interface, parameter remote monitoring curve interface, and remote operation interface, which provided the workers with good man-machine interface.
2014, 29(9): 921-925.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.019
Abstract:
To meet the requests for information development in agricultural production goods, the network for the information services and management platform was proposed and constructed based on WebGIS (web for Geographical Information Systems) with the data base in location, stock and characters of the agricultural production materials been sold.The platform brought the information integrated with various techniques, such as ArcGIS API for JavaScript, Ajax and Dojo toolkits etc., to develop a map-based interactive display action achieving of information service and management functions.The platform provided services in demonstrating, retrieving and operating for information and management in agricultural production goods, which had been applied practically in Anxi, Fujian Province.The construction of the platform has opened a channel of information inquiry for consumer groups in agricultural production goods, and has provided a data base of management tool to trader, manufacturer and supervision department for optimization of the information service and management.
To meet the requests for information development in agricultural production goods, the network for the information services and management platform was proposed and constructed based on WebGIS (web for Geographical Information Systems) with the data base in location, stock and characters of the agricultural production materials been sold.The platform brought the information integrated with various techniques, such as ArcGIS API for JavaScript, Ajax and Dojo toolkits etc., to develop a map-based interactive display action achieving of information service and management functions.The platform provided services in demonstrating, retrieving and operating for information and management in agricultural production goods, which had been applied practically in Anxi, Fujian Province.The construction of the platform has opened a channel of information inquiry for consumer groups in agricultural production goods, and has provided a data base of management tool to trader, manufacturer and supervision department for optimization of the information service and management.
2014, 29(9): 926-933.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.09.020
Abstract:
Rice is the staple food for a quarter of population in the world.The current situations on the definition of combining ability and heritability of hybrid rice were reviewed in the paper.In the meanwhile, the progress on combining ability and heritability of mainly agronomic traits and so on.Furthermore, the progress on combining ability and heritability of quality for hybrid rice were analyzed systematically.At the last the status on combining ability, heritability for rice were analyzed and progressed.In conclusion, some new idea was provided for hybrid rice research based on the relative references in the future.
Rice is the staple food for a quarter of population in the world.The current situations on the definition of combining ability and heritability of hybrid rice were reviewed in the paper.In the meanwhile, the progress on combining ability and heritability of mainly agronomic traits and so on.Furthermore, the progress on combining ability and heritability of quality for hybrid rice were analyzed systematically.At the last the status on combining ability, heritability for rice were analyzed and progressed.In conclusion, some new idea was provided for hybrid rice research based on the relative references in the future.
