2014 Vol. 29, No. 8
Display Method:
2014, 29(8): 715-719.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.001
Abstract:
The envelop protein fragments of avian Tembusu virus were amplified by RT-PCR from the identified avian Tembusu virus isolated in Fujian, and cloned to the T-vector for sequenceing and bioinformatics analysis.The results revealed that the avian Tembusu virus envelop gene contained 1 053 nucleotides, coding an open reading frame (ORF) with 501 amino acids.The molecular weights, theoretical isoelectric point and the instability index of avian Tembusu virus envelop protein were 54.217 ku, 6.89 and 25.48, respectively.The topology predicted by Nbest using the TMHMM2.0is o442-464i471-489 o.The sequenced envelop protein shared the highest homogeneity with Peking duck-origin avian Tembusu virus strain (GenBank accession number is JF459991) , which was 99.8%, while shared with common sheldduck-origin avian Tembusu virus strain (GenBank accession number is JQ928189) 98.2% homogeneity.The results demonstrated that avian Tembusu virus had no host specificity
The envelop protein fragments of avian Tembusu virus were amplified by RT-PCR from the identified avian Tembusu virus isolated in Fujian, and cloned to the T-vector for sequenceing and bioinformatics analysis.The results revealed that the avian Tembusu virus envelop gene contained 1 053 nucleotides, coding an open reading frame (ORF) with 501 amino acids.The molecular weights, theoretical isoelectric point and the instability index of avian Tembusu virus envelop protein were 54.217 ku, 6.89 and 25.48, respectively.The topology predicted by Nbest using the TMHMM2.0is o442-464i471-489 o.The sequenced envelop protein shared the highest homogeneity with Peking duck-origin avian Tembusu virus strain (GenBank accession number is JF459991) , which was 99.8%, while shared with common sheldduck-origin avian Tembusu virus strain (GenBank accession number is JQ928189) 98.2% homogeneity.The results demonstrated that avian Tembusu virus had no host specificity
2014, 29(8): 720-724.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.002
Abstract:
2000 " Duroc× Landrace× Yorkshire" commodity pigs around the age of 60 days with similar parity were feed in the cement floor pigsty (control group) and microbial fermentation bed pigsty (experimental group) for120d, respectively.At the end of the experiment, 15 pigs from each group were slaughtered to determinate the meat quality.The results showed that the pig back fat thickness of the microbial fermentation bed pigsty group was2.2%greater than that of the control group (P<0.05) , and the eye muscle area of the experimental group was5.5%larger than that of the control group (P<0.05) ;for the meat color score, the marble grain and the tenderness, microbial fermentation bed pigsty group overwhelmed the control group by 18.21% (P<0.01) , 39.11% (P<0.01) and 17.06%, respectively.The difference in total amino acids were found between the two groups, but not significant, while the contents of lysine and histidine of the experimental group were increased by3.27%and 15.7%, compared with the control group.The fermentation bed feeding can significantly improve the pork tenderness and flavor, while affect the color and the contents of some amino acids, which were common quality indices for the meat as well as safety indices.
2000 " Duroc× Landrace× Yorkshire" commodity pigs around the age of 60 days with similar parity were feed in the cement floor pigsty (control group) and microbial fermentation bed pigsty (experimental group) for120d, respectively.At the end of the experiment, 15 pigs from each group were slaughtered to determinate the meat quality.The results showed that the pig back fat thickness of the microbial fermentation bed pigsty group was2.2%greater than that of the control group (P<0.05) , and the eye muscle area of the experimental group was5.5%larger than that of the control group (P<0.05) ;for the meat color score, the marble grain and the tenderness, microbial fermentation bed pigsty group overwhelmed the control group by 18.21% (P<0.01) , 39.11% (P<0.01) and 17.06%, respectively.The difference in total amino acids were found between the two groups, but not significant, while the contents of lysine and histidine of the experimental group were increased by3.27%and 15.7%, compared with the control group.The fermentation bed feeding can significantly improve the pork tenderness and flavor, while affect the color and the contents of some amino acids, which were common quality indices for the meat as well as safety indices.
2014, 29(8): 725-732.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.003
Abstract:
Nanjing 49 was used in the experimentation to determine the effect of seedling planting density on the canopy and yield of the super-rice.The results showed that Nanjing 49's adaptability to the varying planting density was rather broad.It could reach a high yield at the range of 2-4plans·hill-1.However, when the planting density was more than 5plants·hill-1, the productivity significantly reduced.It appeared that Nanjing 49 adapted to the varied planting density by different means.For example, at the rate of 2plants·hill-1, it increased the total dry matters to reach a high yield by increasing its tillers per plant, total grains per spike, and photosynthetic capacity per leaf.At 3plants·hill-1, a high yield was achieved through increasing the total leaf area and effective panicles per hill.Then, when the planting was increased to 4plants·hill-1, it improved the yield by increasing LAI and reducing the leaf's base angle of the second leaves to effectively increase the sunlight reception.Therefore, with its high adaptability to the planting density, Nanjing 49 could provide a yield as high as (12.63±0.253) t·hm-2 on a reduced number of seedlings·hill-1 (e.g., 2plants·hill-1) to save on the planting cost.
Nanjing 49 was used in the experimentation to determine the effect of seedling planting density on the canopy and yield of the super-rice.The results showed that Nanjing 49's adaptability to the varying planting density was rather broad.It could reach a high yield at the range of 2-4plans·hill-1.However, when the planting density was more than 5plants·hill-1, the productivity significantly reduced.It appeared that Nanjing 49 adapted to the varied planting density by different means.For example, at the rate of 2plants·hill-1, it increased the total dry matters to reach a high yield by increasing its tillers per plant, total grains per spike, and photosynthetic capacity per leaf.At 3plants·hill-1, a high yield was achieved through increasing the total leaf area and effective panicles per hill.Then, when the planting was increased to 4plants·hill-1, it improved the yield by increasing LAI and reducing the leaf's base angle of the second leaves to effectively increase the sunlight reception.Therefore, with its high adaptability to the planting density, Nanjing 49 could provide a yield as high as (12.63±0.253) t·hm-2 on a reduced number of seedlings·hill-1 (e.g., 2plants·hill-1) to save on the planting cost.
2014, 29(8): 733-735.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.004
Abstract:
A sugar-increasing IBA agent, ROC16, was sprayed on the sugarcane leaves during seedling, shooting, and sugar accumulating period to study its effect on sucrose content and yield of the plants.The results showed that spraying IBA 5times produced better effect than spraying 4times.With 5sprayings, the sucrose contents of the sugarcanes treated with 1 000 x, 600xand 500 xIBA solutions were all higher than CK at P<0.05 or P<0.01 significant level.The 600 xwas the best, which resulted in sugarcanes with a sucrose content higher than CK every month.The yields of the treated sugarcanes were all higher than that of CK.The differences were significant, with the 600 xbeing the best.It appeared that 600 xIBA solution for the spraying gave the most desirable effects on sucrose content, gravity purity, and yield, as compared to CK or other treatments.
A sugar-increasing IBA agent, ROC16, was sprayed on the sugarcane leaves during seedling, shooting, and sugar accumulating period to study its effect on sucrose content and yield of the plants.The results showed that spraying IBA 5times produced better effect than spraying 4times.With 5sprayings, the sucrose contents of the sugarcanes treated with 1 000 x, 600xand 500 xIBA solutions were all higher than CK at P<0.05 or P<0.01 significant level.The 600 xwas the best, which resulted in sugarcanes with a sucrose content higher than CK every month.The yields of the treated sugarcanes were all higher than that of CK.The differences were significant, with the 600 xbeing the best.It appeared that 600 xIBA solution for the spraying gave the most desirable effects on sucrose content, gravity purity, and yield, as compared to CK or other treatments.
2014, 29(8): 736-740.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.005
Abstract:
A new sweet potato cultivar Longshu24 was selected and bred from Longshu39-1by opening pollination in2005 by Longyan Institute of Agricultural Science, Fujian province.The results of Regional trial and production experiment of Fujian Province showed that the average yield of dry matter of Longshu24 was equivalent to the control (Jinshan57) , and the yield of starch was significantly better than that of the control.The dry matter content and yield of starch of tuberous root were 31.97%and 21.45%respectively.The results showed that Longshu24 is an ideal compatible cultivar with high dry matter content and high yield of starch, good edible quality, and relatively resistance to fusarium wilt.It had been approved by Fujian crop Variety Examination Committee in 2013.
A new sweet potato cultivar Longshu24 was selected and bred from Longshu39-1by opening pollination in2005 by Longyan Institute of Agricultural Science, Fujian province.The results of Regional trial and production experiment of Fujian Province showed that the average yield of dry matter of Longshu24 was equivalent to the control (Jinshan57) , and the yield of starch was significantly better than that of the control.The dry matter content and yield of starch of tuberous root were 31.97%and 21.45%respectively.The results showed that Longshu24 is an ideal compatible cultivar with high dry matter content and high yield of starch, good edible quality, and relatively resistance to fusarium wilt.It had been approved by Fujian crop Variety Examination Committee in 2013.
2014, 29(8): 741-744.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.006
Abstract:
Vegetable soybean new variety Mindou No.5is derived from offspring by crossing between Zhe 2818 and Maodou No.3with pedigree selection.Fujian provincial regional trials during 2009-2010 showed that it had those advantages, such as high-steady yield and extensive adaptability, and its averagely fresh pod yield was 9 960.6kg·hm-2.It was approved and released by Fujian Provincial Committee of Crop Variety Identification in February, 2011, suitable for being cultivated in most areas of Fujian province.
Vegetable soybean new variety Mindou No.5is derived from offspring by crossing between Zhe 2818 and Maodou No.3with pedigree selection.Fujian provincial regional trials during 2009-2010 showed that it had those advantages, such as high-steady yield and extensive adaptability, and its averagely fresh pod yield was 9 960.6kg·hm-2.It was approved and released by Fujian Provincial Committee of Crop Variety Identification in February, 2011, suitable for being cultivated in most areas of Fujian province.
2014, 29(8): 745-747.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.007
Abstract:
With the goal for breeding high and stable yield, superior quality and disease resistance jute varieties, a new superior quality, high yield and disease resistance jute variety-Minghuang No.1was bred through 9generations in 7years derived from Mengyin No.1irradiated with Co 60-γrays (25000R) .In a national regional trial for new jute varieties in 2011-2012, the yield of new variety′s average fiber was 3 131.25kg·hm-2, 7.45%and 8.08%more than that of Huangma 179 (CK1) and Kuanyechangguo (CK2) .The difference was extremely significant at the level of 0.01.In a national production test for new jute varieties in 2012, its average yield of fiber was 2 964.75kg·hm-2, more 7.36%than that of Kuanyechangguo (CK2) .The difference was, also extremely significant.The fiber quality of the new variety was superior to the control.So it was a new superior quality, high yield and disease resistance jute variety.
With the goal for breeding high and stable yield, superior quality and disease resistance jute varieties, a new superior quality, high yield and disease resistance jute variety-Minghuang No.1was bred through 9generations in 7years derived from Mengyin No.1irradiated with Co 60-γrays (25000R) .In a national regional trial for new jute varieties in 2011-2012, the yield of new variety′s average fiber was 3 131.25kg·hm-2, 7.45%and 8.08%more than that of Huangma 179 (CK1) and Kuanyechangguo (CK2) .The difference was extremely significant at the level of 0.01.In a national production test for new jute varieties in 2012, its average yield of fiber was 2 964.75kg·hm-2, more 7.36%than that of Kuanyechangguo (CK2) .The difference was, also extremely significant.The fiber quality of the new variety was superior to the control.So it was a new superior quality, high yield and disease resistance jute variety.
2014, 29(8): 748-751.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.008
Abstract:
The SrDFRgene cDNA sequence involved in flavonoids synthesis was cloned from the blue petals of strelitzia reginae using RT-PCR techniques.The cDNA sequence consists of 246 bp, encoding apolypeptide of 82 amino acids.Homology analysis showed that the deduced SrDFRprotein was highly homologous to other DFR proteins from different plants.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that SrDFR was clustered together with DFR of Curcuma alismatifoliafirstly and had close genetic relationship.The semi-quantitative PCR analysis indicated that SrDFRshowed the highest transcript abundance in e and SrDFR was highly expressed in blue petals, but lowly expressed in leaves and yellow sepals.The results indicated that SrDFRplayed an important role in the growth of blue petals.
The SrDFRgene cDNA sequence involved in flavonoids synthesis was cloned from the blue petals of strelitzia reginae using RT-PCR techniques.The cDNA sequence consists of 246 bp, encoding apolypeptide of 82 amino acids.Homology analysis showed that the deduced SrDFRprotein was highly homologous to other DFR proteins from different plants.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that SrDFR was clustered together with DFR of Curcuma alismatifoliafirstly and had close genetic relationship.The semi-quantitative PCR analysis indicated that SrDFRshowed the highest transcript abundance in e and SrDFR was highly expressed in blue petals, but lowly expressed in leaves and yellow sepals.The results indicated that SrDFRplayed an important role in the growth of blue petals.
2014, 29(8): 752-756.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.009
Abstract:
The effects of different degrees drought stress on growing development, chlorophyll content, proline content, MDA content and root activity were researched by application ornamental grass Pennisetum setaceum'Rubrum'as the test material.The results showed that there was significant difference in proline content between treatment 5% polyethylene glycol (PEG) and CK, and there were no difference in other growing development and physiological indexes.The plant height, tiller, root length, above ground fresh and dry biomass, underground fresh and dry biomass, root activity of Pennisetum setaceum'Rubrum'by treatment of 10% and 20% PEG decreased significantly than that by treatment of 5% PEG and CK.At the same time the chlorophyll content of 10%and 20%PEG reduced significantly, but the content of proline and MDA content increased significantly.Pennisetum setaceum'Rubrum'can still grow and develop normally, which was not wither.In summarize, Pennisetum setaceum'Rubrum'has strong drought resistance, which can endure drought stress to some degree.
The effects of different degrees drought stress on growing development, chlorophyll content, proline content, MDA content and root activity were researched by application ornamental grass Pennisetum setaceum'Rubrum'as the test material.The results showed that there was significant difference in proline content between treatment 5% polyethylene glycol (PEG) and CK, and there were no difference in other growing development and physiological indexes.The plant height, tiller, root length, above ground fresh and dry biomass, underground fresh and dry biomass, root activity of Pennisetum setaceum'Rubrum'by treatment of 10% and 20% PEG decreased significantly than that by treatment of 5% PEG and CK.At the same time the chlorophyll content of 10%and 20%PEG reduced significantly, but the content of proline and MDA content increased significantly.Pennisetum setaceum'Rubrum'can still grow and develop normally, which was not wither.In summarize, Pennisetum setaceum'Rubrum'has strong drought resistance, which can endure drought stress to some degree.
2014, 29(8): 757-767.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.010
Abstract:
Selective medium for xylanase was used in screening the xylanase producing Bacillus strains.Thirtyseven of the 120 Bacillus strains tested were found to form transparent circles on the plates.After a secondary screening with the enzyme fermentation medium, B.safensis FJAT-14260 was determined to be the most desirable strain for the xylanase production.A single factor and an orthogonal experiment were used to optimize the fermentation conditions.The results showed the substrate concentration to be the most important factor relating to the medium, and temperature, the most critical condition for the fermentation process.In all, the best medium for the enzyme production consisted of carbon source (yeast extract) at 7g·L-1, nitrogen source (peptone) at 9g·L-1, and substrate (xylan) at 10g·L-1.And, the optimal fermentation temperature was 30℃, initial pH at 8.0, and liquid volume at 30mL/250 mL.Under these conditions, after allowing FJAT-14260 to ferment for 32 h, the xylanase activity could reach as high as 113 585.78U·mL-1, which was 4.62 times of what was without the optimization.
Selective medium for xylanase was used in screening the xylanase producing Bacillus strains.Thirtyseven of the 120 Bacillus strains tested were found to form transparent circles on the plates.After a secondary screening with the enzyme fermentation medium, B.safensis FJAT-14260 was determined to be the most desirable strain for the xylanase production.A single factor and an orthogonal experiment were used to optimize the fermentation conditions.The results showed the substrate concentration to be the most important factor relating to the medium, and temperature, the most critical condition for the fermentation process.In all, the best medium for the enzyme production consisted of carbon source (yeast extract) at 7g·L-1, nitrogen source (peptone) at 9g·L-1, and substrate (xylan) at 10g·L-1.And, the optimal fermentation temperature was 30℃, initial pH at 8.0, and liquid volume at 30mL/250 mL.Under these conditions, after allowing FJAT-14260 to ferment for 32 h, the xylanase activity could reach as high as 113 585.78U·mL-1, which was 4.62 times of what was without the optimization.
2014, 29(8): 768-773.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.011
Abstract:
To investigate the diversity of mesophilic bacteria resulting from constant thermal conditions, the soil sample was collected at outfall of thermal wastewater from laundry factory.The culturable mesophilic bacteria were isolated with different medium to obtain pure culture, identified by 16 SrDNA and the data were analyzed in phylogenetic tree.The results showed that the 29 strains in pure culture were obtained from the thermal wastewater outfall soil with different phenotype.The strains were classified into Bacilli, attributed to 5genus and 11 species, including three species of Geobacillus, three species of Bacillus, three species of Anoxybacillus, one species of Ureibacillus, and one species of Thermoactinomyces.The diversity of species was rich, and the resources of species would have potential in practical application.
To investigate the diversity of mesophilic bacteria resulting from constant thermal conditions, the soil sample was collected at outfall of thermal wastewater from laundry factory.The culturable mesophilic bacteria were isolated with different medium to obtain pure culture, identified by 16 SrDNA and the data were analyzed in phylogenetic tree.The results showed that the 29 strains in pure culture were obtained from the thermal wastewater outfall soil with different phenotype.The strains were classified into Bacilli, attributed to 5genus and 11 species, including three species of Geobacillus, three species of Bacillus, three species of Anoxybacillus, one species of Ureibacillus, and one species of Thermoactinomyces.The diversity of species was rich, and the resources of species would have potential in practical application.
2014, 29(8): 774-778.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.012
Abstract:
Degradation dynamics and food safety of residual Tolfenpyrad in the tea, Fuyun 6 (Camellia sinensis) , were studied in a field test in Fu′an, Fujian.The results showed that the residue concentrations in both fresh and baked tea leaves increased linearly with Tolfenpyrad applications in the concentrations of 54-270g·hm-2, and that the residues did not degrade significantly during the baking process.When the recommended application concentrations of Tolfenpyrad at 108, 162, or 216g·hm-2 for the month of May was applied, the initial residues ranged from 33.73mg·kg-1to 67.58mg·kg-1, and reduced to 20mg·kg-1 after 10 days.It fitted the firstorder kinetics, with a T1/2ranging from 4.02 dto 5.00 d.The residue level in teas was found significantly lower in May than September during ayear.The current safe application requirement on Tolfenpyrad was low.For the domestic market, the MRL was recommended to be 20mg·kg-1, and a pre-harvest time, 15 d.
Degradation dynamics and food safety of residual Tolfenpyrad in the tea, Fuyun 6 (Camellia sinensis) , were studied in a field test in Fu′an, Fujian.The results showed that the residue concentrations in both fresh and baked tea leaves increased linearly with Tolfenpyrad applications in the concentrations of 54-270g·hm-2, and that the residues did not degrade significantly during the baking process.When the recommended application concentrations of Tolfenpyrad at 108, 162, or 216g·hm-2 for the month of May was applied, the initial residues ranged from 33.73mg·kg-1to 67.58mg·kg-1, and reduced to 20mg·kg-1 after 10 days.It fitted the firstorder kinetics, with a T1/2ranging from 4.02 dto 5.00 d.The residue level in teas was found significantly lower in May than September during ayear.The current safe application requirement on Tolfenpyrad was low.For the domestic market, the MRL was recommended to be 20mg·kg-1, and a pre-harvest time, 15 d.
2014, 29(8): 779-783.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.013
Abstract:
Fungicides effective for peanut scab disease control were evaluated, and their optimum application time determined.Thirteen fungicides were tested in the field.They all showed varied degrees of efficacy.Among them, 60% pyraclostrobin, 70% thiophanate-methyl, 10% difenoconazole, and benzoic propiconazole performed better than the others, with significantly improved crop yields as a result.For demonstration, the effects of time and frequency of spraying Armure on the plants were evaluated.The result showed that the best application time was before the pathogenesis appeared.Once the disease was detected, spraying twice consecutively was better than a single application.It was also recommended that these agents to be applied alternatively to reduce possibility of drug-resistance by the pathogen.
Fungicides effective for peanut scab disease control were evaluated, and their optimum application time determined.Thirteen fungicides were tested in the field.They all showed varied degrees of efficacy.Among them, 60% pyraclostrobin, 70% thiophanate-methyl, 10% difenoconazole, and benzoic propiconazole performed better than the others, with significantly improved crop yields as a result.For demonstration, the effects of time and frequency of spraying Armure on the plants were evaluated.The result showed that the best application time was before the pathogenesis appeared.Once the disease was detected, spraying twice consecutively was better than a single application.It was also recommended that these agents to be applied alternatively to reduce possibility of drug-resistance by the pathogen.
2014, 29(8): 784-788.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.014
Abstract:
In order to improve the control system of intelligent biogas digester in support of its operation theory, the crude fiber content, pH, microbial diversity and biogas production rate of biogas sludge were analyzed to understand their correlations.The result showed that the crude fiber content, pH and microbial diversity from various layers of biogas sludge performed no significant differences at same fermentation time in the first.Secondly, the crude fiber content, pH and microbial diversity from same layer exhibited significant changes along with fermentation time.Thirdly, in dynamic change of biogas production, the highest rate was detected in fermentation during 6hrs to 16 hrs with 1.12m3·m-3·d-1, followed by gradually depressing in production rate until the 72 hrs of the duration.In addition, the biogas production rate was significantly negative correlation with the content of crude fiber in biogas sludge but positive correlation with the pH, diversity index and homogeneous degrees index.
In order to improve the control system of intelligent biogas digester in support of its operation theory, the crude fiber content, pH, microbial diversity and biogas production rate of biogas sludge were analyzed to understand their correlations.The result showed that the crude fiber content, pH and microbial diversity from various layers of biogas sludge performed no significant differences at same fermentation time in the first.Secondly, the crude fiber content, pH and microbial diversity from same layer exhibited significant changes along with fermentation time.Thirdly, in dynamic change of biogas production, the highest rate was detected in fermentation during 6hrs to 16 hrs with 1.12m3·m-3·d-1, followed by gradually depressing in production rate until the 72 hrs of the duration.In addition, the biogas production rate was significantly negative correlation with the content of crude fiber in biogas sludge but positive correlation with the pH, diversity index and homogeneous degrees index.
2014, 29(8): 789-793.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.015
Abstract:
Main characteristics of grain production in Fujian Province were summarized, and the comprehensive grain production capacity was analyzed by C-D function based on the related data from 2000 to 2012.The grain production characteristics were as follow:the area of arable land is reduced and the contradiction between man and land is sharp;the grain production scale is small and the farmers are aged;the comprehensive productivity declines with little potential;and the infrastructure is weak and the natural disaster is frequent.The constructed grain production model results showed that (1) the sowing area and chemical fertilizer application amount are the most important factors for grain production with positive correlation, whil disaster area and rular labor were negatively affects the grain production, and there was hidden unemployment in rural area; (2) The grain production of Fujian province was at the stage of constant returns to scale.Finally, according to the results, some suggestions, including the improvement of grain producer, strengthening farmland infrastructure, and the innovation of agricultural production technology, were proposed to enhance the grain production capacity of Fujian province.
Main characteristics of grain production in Fujian Province were summarized, and the comprehensive grain production capacity was analyzed by C-D function based on the related data from 2000 to 2012.The grain production characteristics were as follow:the area of arable land is reduced and the contradiction between man and land is sharp;the grain production scale is small and the farmers are aged;the comprehensive productivity declines with little potential;and the infrastructure is weak and the natural disaster is frequent.The constructed grain production model results showed that (1) the sowing area and chemical fertilizer application amount are the most important factors for grain production with positive correlation, whil disaster area and rular labor were negatively affects the grain production, and there was hidden unemployment in rural area; (2) The grain production of Fujian province was at the stage of constant returns to scale.Finally, according to the results, some suggestions, including the improvement of grain producer, strengthening farmland infrastructure, and the innovation of agricultural production technology, were proposed to enhance the grain production capacity of Fujian province.
2014, 29(8): 794-797.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.016
Abstract:
Based on Fujian agricultural development status, construction for eco-agricultural economic zone in Fujian was proposed according to the theories in industrialization, inclusive growth and idyllic city.The ongoing development for eco-agricultural industry chain and technology mode was suggested in three aspects of:living, producing and ecology.The operating pattern for improvement of eco-agricultural economic zone was aimed on fine agriculture, processing agriculture, leisure agriculture and supporting industry.Finally, the countermeasures for development of eco-agricultural economic zone in Fujian were put forward in agricultural infrastructure, technological support, regional cooperation, agricultural development conditions and green GDP assessment.
Based on Fujian agricultural development status, construction for eco-agricultural economic zone in Fujian was proposed according to the theories in industrialization, inclusive growth and idyllic city.The ongoing development for eco-agricultural industry chain and technology mode was suggested in three aspects of:living, producing and ecology.The operating pattern for improvement of eco-agricultural economic zone was aimed on fine agriculture, processing agriculture, leisure agriculture and supporting industry.Finally, the countermeasures for development of eco-agricultural economic zone in Fujian were put forward in agricultural infrastructure, technological support, regional cooperation, agricultural development conditions and green GDP assessment.
2014, 29(8): 798-802.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.017
Abstract:
In order to raising the level of sweet potato industry in Fujian province, the sweet potato in Fujian province′s coastal area has been analyzed in the paper.The analysis was based on the statistic data from twentythere counties and cities in the province′s southeaster coastal areas, including planting areas, yield, cultivated varieties and cultivation techniques changes every five years from 1975 to 2012.The result showed planting areas had slowly declined during 30 years but held superior area in those regions in 2012.But unit productions had increased in this period.Planting areas and unit productions change trend differ contemporaneous trend in china.We believe variety renewal, improving in cultivation techniques, spending habits of sweet-potato and traditional sweetpotato culture in this area are the mainly reason of change trend described above.Finally, suggests for the improvement recommendations are made, including constructing high-quality seed tubers base, strengthening sweet potato breeding and new cultivation techniques research and demonstration.
In order to raising the level of sweet potato industry in Fujian province, the sweet potato in Fujian province′s coastal area has been analyzed in the paper.The analysis was based on the statistic data from twentythere counties and cities in the province′s southeaster coastal areas, including planting areas, yield, cultivated varieties and cultivation techniques changes every five years from 1975 to 2012.The result showed planting areas had slowly declined during 30 years but held superior area in those regions in 2012.But unit productions had increased in this period.Planting areas and unit productions change trend differ contemporaneous trend in china.We believe variety renewal, improving in cultivation techniques, spending habits of sweet-potato and traditional sweetpotato culture in this area are the mainly reason of change trend described above.Finally, suggests for the improvement recommendations are made, including constructing high-quality seed tubers base, strengthening sweet potato breeding and new cultivation techniques research and demonstration.
2014, 29(8): 803-814.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.018
Abstract:
Agriculture and animal husbandry have a direct impact on people′s livelihood.Waste recycling is seen as aprudent measure to ensure an economical, as well as environmentally friendly, operation.In practice, composting can not only fulfill such mission, but also prevent pollution and improve safety.It has been an effective means in handling organic solid wastes worldwide for ages.By reviewing published literature and analyzing available data, this paper summarizes the dynamic fate and effects of the greenhouse gas emission, the rules of carbon-and nitrogen-transformation, as well as the microbial interactions during composting.Suggestions for future research are presented.
Agriculture and animal husbandry have a direct impact on people′s livelihood.Waste recycling is seen as aprudent measure to ensure an economical, as well as environmentally friendly, operation.In practice, composting can not only fulfill such mission, but also prevent pollution and improve safety.It has been an effective means in handling organic solid wastes worldwide for ages.By reviewing published literature and analyzing available data, this paper summarizes the dynamic fate and effects of the greenhouse gas emission, the rules of carbon-and nitrogen-transformation, as well as the microbial interactions during composting.Suggestions for future research are presented.
2014, 29(8): 815-819.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.08.019
Abstract:
Heterotrophic nitrification converts nitrogen compounds in the environment into nitrite and nitrate, thus effectively reduces pollution.It could be a new application of the biological denitrification technology.This article reviews current studies relating to the heterotrophic nitrification that includes various bacterial culture methods, nitrification, denitrification, functions and affecting factors.
Heterotrophic nitrification converts nitrogen compounds in the environment into nitrite and nitrate, thus effectively reduces pollution.It could be a new application of the biological denitrification technology.This article reviews current studies relating to the heterotrophic nitrification that includes various bacterial culture methods, nitrification, denitrification, functions and affecting factors.
