2014 Vol. 29, No. 4
Display Method:
2014, 29(4): 301-305.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.001
Abstract:
Nowadays,it is still unknow whether the avian tembusu virus could infect breed Muscovy duck.For the first time,we obtained a viral isolate(named WYZLJ-1359)from ovary of breed Muscovy duck with decreasing egglaying rate,and confirmed the infectious agent as avian tembusu virus(ATV)using RT-PCR.Resultsof sequence comparison with viral genome showed that the main molecular characteristics of genome sequence of WYZLJ-1359strain were in accordance with those of other viruses isolated from other domestic poultry since 2010,and shared no less than 98.4% nucleotide sequence identity with each other.Phylogenetic analysis showed that all ATVs isolated since 2010shared closed relationship with each other.And the genetic distance(GD)among these viruses were all no more than 1.8%,which was far less than the GD between WYZLJ-1359strain and those viruses reported before2000.These results indicated that although the host spectrum of avian tembusu virus continued to increase,the virus showed genetic stability during the process of spread among different poultry species without deletion or insertion in viral genome.
Nowadays,it is still unknow whether the avian tembusu virus could infect breed Muscovy duck.For the first time,we obtained a viral isolate(named WYZLJ-1359)from ovary of breed Muscovy duck with decreasing egglaying rate,and confirmed the infectious agent as avian tembusu virus(ATV)using RT-PCR.Resultsof sequence comparison with viral genome showed that the main molecular characteristics of genome sequence of WYZLJ-1359strain were in accordance with those of other viruses isolated from other domestic poultry since 2010,and shared no less than 98.4% nucleotide sequence identity with each other.Phylogenetic analysis showed that all ATVs isolated since 2010shared closed relationship with each other.And the genetic distance(GD)among these viruses were all no more than 1.8%,which was far less than the GD between WYZLJ-1359strain and those viruses reported before2000.These results indicated that although the host spectrum of avian tembusu virus continued to increase,the virus showed genetic stability during the process of spread among different poultry species without deletion or insertion in viral genome.
2014, 29(4): 306-309.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.002
Abstract:
A latex agglutinin test for detection of duck Tembusu virus has been developed by sensitizing latex with monoclonal antibody of duck Tembusu virus WR strain.Under the optimum sensitization of latex particles with 300μg monoclonal antibody at 37℃for 3h,the latex agglutination test could reach a detection limit of 10-2.5 ELD50duck Tembusu virus.A total of 73samples collected from field cases were detected by latex agglutination test(27positive)and RT-PCR(31positive),indicating the coincidence rate of the two methods was 87.1%in practical utilization.The results showed that the latex agglutinin test for detection of duck Tembusu virus was facile,rapid and visual,which could be available for clinical utilization.
A latex agglutinin test for detection of duck Tembusu virus has been developed by sensitizing latex with monoclonal antibody of duck Tembusu virus WR strain.Under the optimum sensitization of latex particles with 300μg monoclonal antibody at 37℃for 3h,the latex agglutination test could reach a detection limit of 10-2.5 ELD50duck Tembusu virus.A total of 73samples collected from field cases were detected by latex agglutination test(27positive)and RT-PCR(31positive),indicating the coincidence rate of the two methods was 87.1%in practical utilization.The results showed that the latex agglutinin test for detection of duck Tembusu virus was facile,rapid and visual,which could be available for clinical utilization.
2014, 29(4): 310-313.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.003
Abstract:
To obtainσC protein of Novel Duck Reovirus(NDRV)from prokaryotic expression system and initial identification of its antigenicity,theσC gene of NDRV was amplified by RT-PCR from NDRV NP03 strain using the specific primers which were designed according to the published cDNA sequence.Subsequently,the target gene was cloned into pET-30a(+)prokaryotic expression vector to construct the recombinant plasmid pET-NDRV-σC,which was transformed into BL21(DE3)and the expression of theσC gene was induced(1.0mmol·L-1 IPTG,37℃).The fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and purified.The antigenicity of the purified protein was characterized by Western blotting.TheσC gene was obtained with an identical sequence of 966bp to that retrieved in GenBank.The prokaryotic expression vector forσC gene was successfully constructed as confirmed by enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing.The result of SDS-PAGE showed that the fusion protein had a relative molecular weight of 41.3 ku.Moreover,theσC protein obtained form prokaryotic expression system possessed good immunoreactivity which was showed by western blotting.Together,our work laid foundation for further study of NDRVσC protein.
To obtainσC protein of Novel Duck Reovirus(NDRV)from prokaryotic expression system and initial identification of its antigenicity,theσC gene of NDRV was amplified by RT-PCR from NDRV NP03 strain using the specific primers which were designed according to the published cDNA sequence.Subsequently,the target gene was cloned into pET-30a(+)prokaryotic expression vector to construct the recombinant plasmid pET-NDRV-σC,which was transformed into BL21(DE3)and the expression of theσC gene was induced(1.0mmol·L-1 IPTG,37℃).The fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and purified.The antigenicity of the purified protein was characterized by Western blotting.TheσC gene was obtained with an identical sequence of 966bp to that retrieved in GenBank.The prokaryotic expression vector forσC gene was successfully constructed as confirmed by enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing.The result of SDS-PAGE showed that the fusion protein had a relative molecular weight of 41.3 ku.Moreover,theσC protein obtained form prokaryotic expression system possessed good immunoreactivity which was showed by western blotting.Together,our work laid foundation for further study of NDRVσC protein.
2014, 29(4): 314-318.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.004
Abstract:
Anguillae herpesvirus Fujian strain(AngHV-FJ)was first isolated from China mainland by our lab.To study the structure and function of AngHV-FJ ORF51,AngHV-FJ was propagated,and the ORF51 gene was amplified by PCR from the extracted virus genomic DNA,then ORF51was cloned into the vector pMD19-T for sequencing.The nucleotide and protein sequence of ORF51 was analyzed by bioinformatics softwares.The ORF51 gene is 720bp in length,encoding 239amino acids,with 100%identity with AngHV-1ORF51gene.The protein has 26107.1Da molecular weight,7.66 isoelectric point,hydrophobic and alkaline,four transmembrane regions with high antigenicity.Structure analysis indicated that,the protein has 1N-glycosylation sites,1O-glycosylation sites and 10 phosphorylation sites.Subcellular localization prediction showed that the protein is mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum.The study provided a reference for the future ORF51 prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression,and established the foundation for the Anguillae herpesvirus research on genetic background information,pathogenesis,molecular epidemiology and genetic engineering vaccine development.
Anguillae herpesvirus Fujian strain(AngHV-FJ)was first isolated from China mainland by our lab.To study the structure and function of AngHV-FJ ORF51,AngHV-FJ was propagated,and the ORF51 gene was amplified by PCR from the extracted virus genomic DNA,then ORF51was cloned into the vector pMD19-T for sequencing.The nucleotide and protein sequence of ORF51 was analyzed by bioinformatics softwares.The ORF51 gene is 720bp in length,encoding 239amino acids,with 100%identity with AngHV-1ORF51gene.The protein has 26107.1Da molecular weight,7.66 isoelectric point,hydrophobic and alkaline,four transmembrane regions with high antigenicity.Structure analysis indicated that,the protein has 1N-glycosylation sites,1O-glycosylation sites and 10 phosphorylation sites.Subcellular localization prediction showed that the protein is mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum.The study provided a reference for the future ORF51 prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression,and established the foundation for the Anguillae herpesvirus research on genetic background information,pathogenesis,molecular epidemiology and genetic engineering vaccine development.
2014, 29(4): 319-323.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.005
Abstract:
The genetic evolution analysis of four mainly restore lines for hybrid rice including Minghui63,Minghui86,Hang1and Hang2with similarly genetic background were carried out in the paper.A total of 134pairs of simple sequence repeats(SSR)were selected distributed evenly from twelve chromosomes of rice(Oryzae sativa L.).The results indicated that there were a lot of polymorphic loci between breeding varieties under space flight mutation(Hang1,Hang2)and original variety(Minghui86),39polymorphic loci with a polymorphic ratio of29.10%.The number of alleles per loci ranged from 1to 4with an average of 2.1.The value of polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.37.The four mainly restore lines were classified into 2groups by clustering.It is distinction between Hang 1,Hang2and Minghui 86when the threshold value is 0.87.A further analysis on SSR markers distributed in two sides of marker RM234 which have key gene regions,indicated that there were 5polymorphism sites from 7pairs of SSR markers.Bioinformatics analysis showed that those loci have important biological function in Minghui 86,was mutated under space flight mutation.Furthermore,breeding excellent restoring line Hang 1and Hang 2,provided a molecular evidence that advantageous variations are in space flight mutation for rice breeding.
The genetic evolution analysis of four mainly restore lines for hybrid rice including Minghui63,Minghui86,Hang1and Hang2with similarly genetic background were carried out in the paper.A total of 134pairs of simple sequence repeats(SSR)were selected distributed evenly from twelve chromosomes of rice(Oryzae sativa L.).The results indicated that there were a lot of polymorphic loci between breeding varieties under space flight mutation(Hang1,Hang2)and original variety(Minghui86),39polymorphic loci with a polymorphic ratio of29.10%.The number of alleles per loci ranged from 1to 4with an average of 2.1.The value of polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.37.The four mainly restore lines were classified into 2groups by clustering.It is distinction between Hang 1,Hang2and Minghui 86when the threshold value is 0.87.A further analysis on SSR markers distributed in two sides of marker RM234 which have key gene regions,indicated that there were 5polymorphism sites from 7pairs of SSR markers.Bioinformatics analysis showed that those loci have important biological function in Minghui 86,was mutated under space flight mutation.Furthermore,breeding excellent restoring line Hang 1and Hang 2,provided a molecular evidence that advantageous variations are in space flight mutation for rice breeding.
2014, 29(4): 324-328.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.006
Abstract:
5 indica restorer lines and 6 germplasm resources of long panicle and big grain were chosen for the analysis of combining ability and heritability of 7 yield traits by incomplete diallele cross(NCII)design.The results showed that 7yield traits were influenced by the additive effect and non-additive effect of parent at the same time,major factor was additive effect.Except plant height,seed setting rate,panicles per plant,grain weight per plant,the characteristics were greatly affected by germplasm resources of long panicle and big grain.The panicles per plant and grain weight per plant were not only influenced by the specific combining ability of parent but also by the general combining ability of the restorer lines.Narrow sense heritability of plant height and 1 000-grain weight were higher,might be selected in early generation,narrow sense heritability of main panicle length,spikelets per panicle,seed setting rate,panicles per plant,grain weight per plant were lower,early generation selection is not good.General combining ability of many characteristics of CD-1 was the best;CD-4and CD-5 may be used as agronomic parent of big grain breeding.R527×CD-3 may be used as excellent combination of selecting parent of big or heavy panicle type;Duoxiyihao×CD-4 may be used as combination of selecting parent of more panicle type;R527×CD-1 may be used as combination of selecting parent of big grain type.
5 indica restorer lines and 6 germplasm resources of long panicle and big grain were chosen for the analysis of combining ability and heritability of 7 yield traits by incomplete diallele cross(NCII)design.The results showed that 7yield traits were influenced by the additive effect and non-additive effect of parent at the same time,major factor was additive effect.Except plant height,seed setting rate,panicles per plant,grain weight per plant,the characteristics were greatly affected by germplasm resources of long panicle and big grain.The panicles per plant and grain weight per plant were not only influenced by the specific combining ability of parent but also by the general combining ability of the restorer lines.Narrow sense heritability of plant height and 1 000-grain weight were higher,might be selected in early generation,narrow sense heritability of main panicle length,spikelets per panicle,seed setting rate,panicles per plant,grain weight per plant were lower,early generation selection is not good.General combining ability of many characteristics of CD-1 was the best;CD-4and CD-5 may be used as agronomic parent of big grain breeding.R527×CD-3 may be used as excellent combination of selecting parent of big or heavy panicle type;Duoxiyihao×CD-4 may be used as combination of selecting parent of more panicle type;R527×CD-1 may be used as combination of selecting parent of big grain type.
2014, 29(4): 329-333.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.007
Abstract:
In order to guarantee yield and avoid occurring " blue chip" of radish at the same time,the field experiment and different storage methods were used to study the effects of different mineral elements and organic fertilizer on yield and " blue chip" phenomenon of radish.The results showed that the NPK2(urea+calciummagnesia phosphate fertilizer+potassium sulfate)+chicken manure treatment gave the highest yield,151.67t·hm-2,significantly higher than that of NP(CK)treatment.In addition,the " blue chip" rate of radish of NPK1(urea+calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer+potassium chloride)and NPK1+ chicken manure treatment were20.0%and 16.7% respectively,and significantly higher than that of the treatment without applying potassium chloride.While refrigerated storage inducing the " blue chip" phenomenon of radish appeared earlier than normal temperature storage.The soil and plant samples analysis showed that the radish section pan-blue phenomenon maybe caused by the radish containing high Cu and Cl ions to form CuCl2which make radish section in light blue patches.Therefore,in order to guarantee the high yield and good quality of radish,avoiding the phenomenon of " blue chip",suggested that carrot planter don′t mixed application of organic manure and potassium chloride,select potassium sulfate as potassium fertilizer and combination fertilizer,urea+calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer+potassium sulfate+chicken manure,as fertilizer source for radishs.
In order to guarantee yield and avoid occurring " blue chip" of radish at the same time,the field experiment and different storage methods were used to study the effects of different mineral elements and organic fertilizer on yield and " blue chip" phenomenon of radish.The results showed that the NPK2(urea+calciummagnesia phosphate fertilizer+potassium sulfate)+chicken manure treatment gave the highest yield,151.67t·hm-2,significantly higher than that of NP(CK)treatment.In addition,the " blue chip" rate of radish of NPK1(urea+calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer+potassium chloride)and NPK1+ chicken manure treatment were20.0%and 16.7% respectively,and significantly higher than that of the treatment without applying potassium chloride.While refrigerated storage inducing the " blue chip" phenomenon of radish appeared earlier than normal temperature storage.The soil and plant samples analysis showed that the radish section pan-blue phenomenon maybe caused by the radish containing high Cu and Cl ions to form CuCl2which make radish section in light blue patches.Therefore,in order to guarantee the high yield and good quality of radish,avoiding the phenomenon of " blue chip",suggested that carrot planter don′t mixed application of organic manure and potassium chloride,select potassium sulfate as potassium fertilizer and combination fertilizer,urea+calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer+potassium sulfate+chicken manure,as fertilizer source for radishs.
2014, 29(4): 334-338.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.008
Abstract:
Varieties of Astragalus sinicus L,Minzi NO.7,8487711,84341022and Zhezi No.5-12,were selected through field trials.They are richly nutritious,appealing in taste,high on fresh yield,and considered suitable for vegetable/fertilizer dual applications.It was Minzi NO.7that was further used to optimize the fertilization,which was determined to be calcium magnesium phosphate applied at the rate of 375kg·hm-2 as the base fertilizer,and carbamide(30kg·hm-2)and mutiate of potash(45kg·hm-2)for the top-dressing once during seeding stage.The information obtained could be of value in the effective and sustainable development of green agriculture with A.Sinicus L.
Varieties of Astragalus sinicus L,Minzi NO.7,8487711,84341022and Zhezi No.5-12,were selected through field trials.They are richly nutritious,appealing in taste,high on fresh yield,and considered suitable for vegetable/fertilizer dual applications.It was Minzi NO.7that was further used to optimize the fertilization,which was determined to be calcium magnesium phosphate applied at the rate of 375kg·hm-2 as the base fertilizer,and carbamide(30kg·hm-2)and mutiate of potash(45kg·hm-2)for the top-dressing once during seeding stage.The information obtained could be of value in the effective and sustainable development of green agriculture with A.Sinicus L.
2014, 29(4): 339-344.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.009
Abstract:
Lateral buds were used as the explants for the study on tissue culture of pendent Cymbidium.It showed that by using 72%ethanol,0.1% mercuric chloride and 15%sodium hypochlorite to disinfect the lateral buds three times,the bud survival rate could be as high as 56%.The disinfection was especially effective in springtime.The induction rate of the clustered shoots was up to 100% with numerous differentiated buds when 6-BA was applied at the rate of 4.0mg·L-1.During the proliferating period of the clustered shoots,the 6-BA treatment was a key factor that produced the best effect with a proliferating coefficient of clustered shoots of 3.4and strong buds.For the development in the rooting stage,on the other hand,a 1/2MS medium containing NAA 2.0mg·L-1+banana slurry 50g·L-1+AC 1.0g·L-1appeared to be most desirable.And,moss seemed to be the best base material for the cultivation of the pendent Cymbidiumplantlets.
Lateral buds were used as the explants for the study on tissue culture of pendent Cymbidium.It showed that by using 72%ethanol,0.1% mercuric chloride and 15%sodium hypochlorite to disinfect the lateral buds three times,the bud survival rate could be as high as 56%.The disinfection was especially effective in springtime.The induction rate of the clustered shoots was up to 100% with numerous differentiated buds when 6-BA was applied at the rate of 4.0mg·L-1.During the proliferating period of the clustered shoots,the 6-BA treatment was a key factor that produced the best effect with a proliferating coefficient of clustered shoots of 3.4and strong buds.For the development in the rooting stage,on the other hand,a 1/2MS medium containing NAA 2.0mg·L-1+banana slurry 50g·L-1+AC 1.0g·L-1appeared to be most desirable.And,moss seemed to be the best base material for the cultivation of the pendent Cymbidiumplantlets.
2014, 29(4): 345-349.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.010
Abstract:
Mango seedlings were used as the test material in this experimentation to optimize SRAP by the single factor tests of primer DNA,primer,and 2xTaq PCR Master Mix.The results indicated that a 20uL reaction system appeared to be most desirable,as the resultant electrophoresis provided clear amplification bands and was highly polymorphic while the procedure was simple.From 81primer combinations,29were selected with abundant polymorphism.The optimized SRAP-PCR system and polymorphism primer combinations could be applied for molecular genetic studies on mango.Our investigation showed that annealing temperature was not a significant factor on the amplification.
Mango seedlings were used as the test material in this experimentation to optimize SRAP by the single factor tests of primer DNA,primer,and 2xTaq PCR Master Mix.The results indicated that a 20uL reaction system appeared to be most desirable,as the resultant electrophoresis provided clear amplification bands and was highly polymorphic while the procedure was simple.From 81primer combinations,29were selected with abundant polymorphism.The optimized SRAP-PCR system and polymorphism primer combinations could be applied for molecular genetic studies on mango.Our investigation showed that annealing temperature was not a significant factor on the amplification.
2014, 29(4): 350-356.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.011
Abstract:
The state-of-the-art conjugated electromagnetic microwave technology was applied to blanch oolong tea.Single factor orthogonal experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of the roller temperature and rotational speed,number of turned-on microwave magnetrons,as well as conveyor belt speed on the physical and chemical properties of the blanched tea leaves.The optimized processing conditions were:roller temperature at 310℃,roller speed at 10r·min-1,cryogenic cylinder temperature at 150℃,6magnetron tubes turned on with accompanying microwave,and conveying at a speed of 0.14m·s-1,to result in tea leaves with the desired moisture content of approximately 35%.The information provided the basis for future development of the blanching technology for oolong tea.
The state-of-the-art conjugated electromagnetic microwave technology was applied to blanch oolong tea.Single factor orthogonal experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of the roller temperature and rotational speed,number of turned-on microwave magnetrons,as well as conveyor belt speed on the physical and chemical properties of the blanched tea leaves.The optimized processing conditions were:roller temperature at 310℃,roller speed at 10r·min-1,cryogenic cylinder temperature at 150℃,6magnetron tubes turned on with accompanying microwave,and conveying at a speed of 0.14m·s-1,to result in tea leaves with the desired moisture content of approximately 35%.The information provided the basis for future development of the blanching technology for oolong tea.
2014, 29(4): 357-363.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.012
Abstract:
Eight Bacillus strains which produce cellulase and amylase were screened from 140standard Bacillus strains by using starch medium and carboxymethylcellulose sodium(CMC-Na)plate screening method.FJAT-8754had the highest cellulase and amylase producing activities and the biological characterizes(e.g.growth curves,dynamic changes of enzyme activity and enzymatic properties)were tested.Our results suggested that the stationary phase of FJAT-8754was at 28h,the colony count was 4.41×109 cfu·mL-1 at 44hand the activity of cellulase and amylase peaked at 36hsimultaneously.Meanwhile,the optimum reaction conditions for cellulase were at pH5.5,55℃,Vmaxwas 5.14×10-3 mg·mL-1·min-1 and Km was 7.71×10-1 mg·mL-1;the optimal reaction conditions of amylase were at pH 5.5,60℃,Vmaxwas 3.35×10-2 mg·mL-1·min-1 and Km was 6.03×10-3 mg·mL-1.Furthermore,uniform design assays showed that the optimal submerged culture conditions for cellulase and amylase was at pH 6.2,fermentation temperature was at 37.5℃,shaking speed was 180r·min-1,and the activity of cellulase and amylase could reach 202.9,2 392.9U·mL-1,respectively.
Eight Bacillus strains which produce cellulase and amylase were screened from 140standard Bacillus strains by using starch medium and carboxymethylcellulose sodium(CMC-Na)plate screening method.FJAT-8754had the highest cellulase and amylase producing activities and the biological characterizes(e.g.growth curves,dynamic changes of enzyme activity and enzymatic properties)were tested.Our results suggested that the stationary phase of FJAT-8754was at 28h,the colony count was 4.41×109 cfu·mL-1 at 44hand the activity of cellulase and amylase peaked at 36hsimultaneously.Meanwhile,the optimum reaction conditions for cellulase were at pH5.5,55℃,Vmaxwas 5.14×10-3 mg·mL-1·min-1 and Km was 7.71×10-1 mg·mL-1;the optimal reaction conditions of amylase were at pH 5.5,60℃,Vmaxwas 3.35×10-2 mg·mL-1·min-1 and Km was 6.03×10-3 mg·mL-1.Furthermore,uniform design assays showed that the optimal submerged culture conditions for cellulase and amylase was at pH 6.2,fermentation temperature was at 37.5℃,shaking speed was 180r·min-1,and the activity of cellulase and amylase could reach 202.9,2 392.9U·mL-1,respectively.
2014, 29(4): 364-372.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.013
Abstract:
To investigate the distribution and diversity of Bacillus species in soils in the north of Shanxi Province,soil samples from 5places were collected and microbial identification based on their 16SrDNA sequences were tested.The results showed that 31strains from 19 Bacillus species were isolated and identified,and some of which had not been reported in China.Phylogenetic tree was clustered based on the 16SrDNA sequence,and our results suggested that the amounts of Bacillus species are different from their collected locations significantly.Especially,the number of Bacillus species in mausoleum was more than those in Hukou waterfall,Shihong temple and Baotashan pagoda.Furthermore,the difference of the same Bacillus specie in the 5collected places were different significantly,and each one had a specific Bacillus specie.Our results suggested that there had an abundance of Bacillus in the north of Shanxi Province.
To investigate the distribution and diversity of Bacillus species in soils in the north of Shanxi Province,soil samples from 5places were collected and microbial identification based on their 16SrDNA sequences were tested.The results showed that 31strains from 19 Bacillus species were isolated and identified,and some of which had not been reported in China.Phylogenetic tree was clustered based on the 16SrDNA sequence,and our results suggested that the amounts of Bacillus species are different from their collected locations significantly.Especially,the number of Bacillus species in mausoleum was more than those in Hukou waterfall,Shihong temple and Baotashan pagoda.Furthermore,the difference of the same Bacillus specie in the 5collected places were different significantly,and each one had a specific Bacillus specie.Our results suggested that there had an abundance of Bacillus in the north of Shanxi Province.
2014, 29(4): 373-377.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.014
Abstract:
Paired between the cold-waterlogged and the nearby non-cold-waterlogged paddy fields in Fujian,the active organic carbon and nitrogen contents of 14soil samples were statistically compared using the t test.The results showed that the organic carbon content and C/N value for the cold-waterlogged soil were 22.1%and 0.56,respectively,significantly more than its counterpart.But the contents of the microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and dissolved organic carbon(DOC),as well as their proportion to the total organic carbon,were significant lower than those of the soils from the non-cold-waterlogged paddy fields.Similarly,the MBN and its proportion to the total organic nitrogen in the cold-waterlogged paddy soils were lower than those of the non-cold-waterlogged samples.The organic matters in the cold-waterlogged paddy soils were high,but quality poor insofar as the composition is concerned.It appeared that MBC and/or DOC could be used as an indicator in evaluating soil from the coldwaterlogged paddy fields.
Paired between the cold-waterlogged and the nearby non-cold-waterlogged paddy fields in Fujian,the active organic carbon and nitrogen contents of 14soil samples were statistically compared using the t test.The results showed that the organic carbon content and C/N value for the cold-waterlogged soil were 22.1%and 0.56,respectively,significantly more than its counterpart.But the contents of the microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and dissolved organic carbon(DOC),as well as their proportion to the total organic carbon,were significant lower than those of the soils from the non-cold-waterlogged paddy fields.Similarly,the MBN and its proportion to the total organic nitrogen in the cold-waterlogged paddy soils were lower than those of the non-cold-waterlogged samples.The organic matters in the cold-waterlogged paddy soils were high,but quality poor insofar as the composition is concerned.It appeared that MBC and/or DOC could be used as an indicator in evaluating soil from the coldwaterlogged paddy fields.
2014, 29(4): 378-384.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.015
Abstract:
Based on the data of monthly precipitation of 53 years from 66 conventional meteorological stations,monthly mean re-analysis lattice point data of NCEP/NCAR and re-established data of sea temperature from NOAA,temporal and spatial characters of precipitation during rainy season in Fujian province were studied by using empirical orthogonal function decomposition(EOF),singular value decomposition(SVD)and correlation analysis methods.The results showed that the precipitation during rainy season in Fujian had an spatial character,which was either drought or flood in all the provincial areas.In addition,the precipitation along with longitude direction presented a heterogeneous distributing character,which was either flood in south and drought in north or flood in north and drought in south.With the analysis on general atmospheric circulation and ocean character in the abnormal years,the distribution of temperature field at ground level presented a remarkable character of cold in north and warm in south.Whilst,the western pacific subtropical high showed westerly direction and strong,and the stronger southwest wind at lower layer in north of the western pacific subtropical high pushed moisture to far north location.Meanwhile,summer wind in southern ocean became weaken,the middle-east equator pacific ocean were covered with extremely cold water.The blocking high turned to be great during early period in winter at Urals,and the western pacific subtropical high was in large scale,great intensity and extending to far west.The temperature in the middle-east equator pacific ocean became high,then became low in west wind drift region.The reverse was true in the years of flood in south and drought in north.The finding in this paper could provide a reference frame for short time climatic prediction and agricultural arrangement.
Based on the data of monthly precipitation of 53 years from 66 conventional meteorological stations,monthly mean re-analysis lattice point data of NCEP/NCAR and re-established data of sea temperature from NOAA,temporal and spatial characters of precipitation during rainy season in Fujian province were studied by using empirical orthogonal function decomposition(EOF),singular value decomposition(SVD)and correlation analysis methods.The results showed that the precipitation during rainy season in Fujian had an spatial character,which was either drought or flood in all the provincial areas.In addition,the precipitation along with longitude direction presented a heterogeneous distributing character,which was either flood in south and drought in north or flood in north and drought in south.With the analysis on general atmospheric circulation and ocean character in the abnormal years,the distribution of temperature field at ground level presented a remarkable character of cold in north and warm in south.Whilst,the western pacific subtropical high showed westerly direction and strong,and the stronger southwest wind at lower layer in north of the western pacific subtropical high pushed moisture to far north location.Meanwhile,summer wind in southern ocean became weaken,the middle-east equator pacific ocean were covered with extremely cold water.The blocking high turned to be great during early period in winter at Urals,and the western pacific subtropical high was in large scale,great intensity and extending to far west.The temperature in the middle-east equator pacific ocean became high,then became low in west wind drift region.The reverse was true in the years of flood in south and drought in north.The finding in this paper could provide a reference frame for short time climatic prediction and agricultural arrangement.
2014, 29(4): 385-388.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.016
Abstract:
To study the environmental Pb toxicity,decontamination and beautification,apot-experiment was conducted with three ornamental flowering plants to determine their Pb-absorption properties.The results showed that Helianthus annuus L.had a greater capability of accumulating Pb in shoots and roots than either Zinnia elegans Jacq or Gozania splendens.H.annuus L.andZ.elegans Jacq exhibited strong endurance to high concentration of Pb,and were considered to be potentially applicable for soil decontamination and proper maintenance.
To study the environmental Pb toxicity,decontamination and beautification,apot-experiment was conducted with three ornamental flowering plants to determine their Pb-absorption properties.The results showed that Helianthus annuus L.had a greater capability of accumulating Pb in shoots and roots than either Zinnia elegans Jacq or Gozania splendens.H.annuus L.andZ.elegans Jacq exhibited strong endurance to high concentration of Pb,and were considered to be potentially applicable for soil decontamination and proper maintenance.
2014, 29(4): 389-392.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.017
Abstract:
A method was developed for the determination of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride and Enrofloxacin in Caviar by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.The homogenized sample was extracted with methanol and acidified acetonitrile.The extract was concentrated by nitrogen,and redissolved into 2mL mobile phase and defatted with n-hexane.Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride and Enrofloxacin were separated on Eclipse XDBC18 Column with mobile phases containing acetonitrile and 0.02 mol·L-1 oxalic acid(14∶86)and finally determined by fluorescence Detector.The detection limit of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride and Enrofloxacin were 1μg·kg-1 and 0.5μg·kg-1,separately.In the range of 5-120μg·kg-1,the mean recoveries were more than 80%.The intraday and interday precisions were less than 5%.It showed that this accurate and sensitive method could be applied for the conventional residue testing requirements.
A method was developed for the determination of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride and Enrofloxacin in Caviar by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.The homogenized sample was extracted with methanol and acidified acetonitrile.The extract was concentrated by nitrogen,and redissolved into 2mL mobile phase and defatted with n-hexane.Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride and Enrofloxacin were separated on Eclipse XDBC18 Column with mobile phases containing acetonitrile and 0.02 mol·L-1 oxalic acid(14∶86)and finally determined by fluorescence Detector.The detection limit of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride and Enrofloxacin were 1μg·kg-1 and 0.5μg·kg-1,separately.In the range of 5-120μg·kg-1,the mean recoveries were more than 80%.The intraday and interday precisions were less than 5%.It showed that this accurate and sensitive method could be applied for the conventional residue testing requirements.
2014, 29(4): 393-397.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.018
Abstract:
From the literature reviews,interviews with tea companies and growers,and expert consultation,the quality and safety management systems for the tea products in the three major tea producing regions,Anxi,Fu′an and Wuyishan,in Fujian were compared.At present,most tea-growers had ceased using high-residue and highly toxic pesticides,due to a heightened consumer awareness in recent years.With the close supervision by the responsible authorities on cultivation and processing,tea sales were enhanced.Meanwhile,the system continued to improve.Nonetheless,quality shortcomings still existed among the minor producers that tended to fall between the cracks.Some suggestions are proposed to tackle such problems.
From the literature reviews,interviews with tea companies and growers,and expert consultation,the quality and safety management systems for the tea products in the three major tea producing regions,Anxi,Fu′an and Wuyishan,in Fujian were compared.At present,most tea-growers had ceased using high-residue and highly toxic pesticides,due to a heightened consumer awareness in recent years.With the close supervision by the responsible authorities on cultivation and processing,tea sales were enhanced.Meanwhile,the system continued to improve.Nonetheless,quality shortcomings still existed among the minor producers that tended to fall between the cracks.Some suggestions are proposed to tackle such problems.
2014, 29(4): 398-405.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.019
Abstract:
Negative factors in environment including abiotic stress and biotic stress and so on are toxic for rice(Oryza sativa L.)growth and development.Thus rice has developed many mechanisms of stress resistance by themselves for their healthy growth.Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion(MATE)transporters,which involve detoxication of toxic compounds of cells,present a new large family protein in plants.They play an important role of detoxication for plant cell.In order to provide new thoughts and theoretical basis of rice stress resistance,the characteristics for MATE transporters,molecular mechanism and their biological function were stated in the paper.Meanwhile,the role of MATE transporters for stress resistance in rice was also set forth.
Negative factors in environment including abiotic stress and biotic stress and so on are toxic for rice(Oryza sativa L.)growth and development.Thus rice has developed many mechanisms of stress resistance by themselves for their healthy growth.Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion(MATE)transporters,which involve detoxication of toxic compounds of cells,present a new large family protein in plants.They play an important role of detoxication for plant cell.In order to provide new thoughts and theoretical basis of rice stress resistance,the characteristics for MATE transporters,molecular mechanism and their biological function were stated in the paper.Meanwhile,the role of MATE transporters for stress resistance in rice was also set forth.
2014, 29(4): 406-408.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.04.020
Abstract:
Microorganism Fatty Acids Ecology was a book that described the microbial ecology using the diversity of microorganism fatty acids biomarkers.The book contained 14 chapters,in which scientific issues,theoretic system and research technologies on microbial ecology were discussed with microorganism fatty acids biomarkers.On the basis of 6 000 bacterial species of 150 genus collected by the authors,4 500 species of which were experimentally tested,polymorphism of microorganism individual,population,community in environment were studied.The book was composed of not only theory but also practice,being a real basic work for foundation of Microorganism Fatty Acids Ecology.
Microorganism Fatty Acids Ecology was a book that described the microbial ecology using the diversity of microorganism fatty acids biomarkers.The book contained 14 chapters,in which scientific issues,theoretic system and research technologies on microbial ecology were discussed with microorganism fatty acids biomarkers.On the basis of 6 000 bacterial species of 150 genus collected by the authors,4 500 species of which were experimentally tested,polymorphism of microorganism individual,population,community in environment were studied.The book was composed of not only theory but also practice,being a real basic work for foundation of Microorganism Fatty Acids Ecology.
