2014 Vol. 29, No. 3
Display Method:
2014, 29(3): 197-203.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.001
Abstract:
Based on the proteomic analysis of blast-resistant near-isogenic lines derived from japonica rice ‘Yunyin',infected with M.oryzae,real-time quantitative PCR and other methods were used to explore the blast resistant and susceptible materials of near-isogenic lines using LTH as genetic background and containing blast ‘Sichuan-43'resistance strain to forecast for rice blast fungus-induced response and the different degrees between the responses of Glutathione S-transferase gene OsGST(Genbank sequence number:Os05g0116100).Using RACE technology to get the full cDNA Sequence,and comparing the sequence between the blast resistant lines and the blast susceptible lines.The phylogenetic tree showed the gene had the closest genetic relationship with glutathione transferase encoding gene of brachypodium distachyon.Combined with the analysis of the protein sequence,OsGST was suggested to be a conserved gene that encoding glutathione transferase.The overexpression and RNAi expression vector were constructed for subsequent study of its functional identification and resistant mechanisms.
Based on the proteomic analysis of blast-resistant near-isogenic lines derived from japonica rice ‘Yunyin',infected with M.oryzae,real-time quantitative PCR and other methods were used to explore the blast resistant and susceptible materials of near-isogenic lines using LTH as genetic background and containing blast ‘Sichuan-43'resistance strain to forecast for rice blast fungus-induced response and the different degrees between the responses of Glutathione S-transferase gene OsGST(Genbank sequence number:Os05g0116100).Using RACE technology to get the full cDNA Sequence,and comparing the sequence between the blast resistant lines and the blast susceptible lines.The phylogenetic tree showed the gene had the closest genetic relationship with glutathione transferase encoding gene of brachypodium distachyon.Combined with the analysis of the protein sequence,OsGST was suggested to be a conserved gene that encoding glutathione transferase.The overexpression and RNAi expression vector were constructed for subsequent study of its functional identification and resistant mechanisms.
2014, 29(3): 204-208.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.002
Abstract:
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilization on early hybrid rices,Jinyou 2155and T78You 2155,in Fujian.The results indicated that,with high soil fertility,the nitrogen application rate of 150kg·hm-2 could improve the usable panicles,grain yield,dry matters in leaves and stem-sheaths,dry matter translocation and rate,as well as the contribution rate of dry matter translocation to grain weight gains.The spikelets per panicle,panicle length,plant height,1000-grain weight,spike dry matters,and dry matter accumulation after anthesis increased initially,and followed by a decline as the nitrogen amount applied to Jinyou 2155increased.The seed setting rate of T78You 2155decreased with the increased fertilization.The spikelets per panicle,panicle length and plant height increased with increasing nitrogen applicationon T78You 2155.The dry matter accumulation in Jinyou 2155and the 1000-grain weight of T78 You 2155decreased with the increased fertilization.The dry matter accumulation at the heading and maturing stages on T78You 2155showed different changing patterns with the nitrogen application.There was a close correlation found between the dry matter accumulation at both the heading and maturing stages and the usable panicles or the ultimate rice yield.
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilization on early hybrid rices,Jinyou 2155and T78You 2155,in Fujian.The results indicated that,with high soil fertility,the nitrogen application rate of 150kg·hm-2 could improve the usable panicles,grain yield,dry matters in leaves and stem-sheaths,dry matter translocation and rate,as well as the contribution rate of dry matter translocation to grain weight gains.The spikelets per panicle,panicle length,plant height,1000-grain weight,spike dry matters,and dry matter accumulation after anthesis increased initially,and followed by a decline as the nitrogen amount applied to Jinyou 2155increased.The seed setting rate of T78You 2155decreased with the increased fertilization.The spikelets per panicle,panicle length and plant height increased with increasing nitrogen applicationon T78You 2155.The dry matter accumulation in Jinyou 2155and the 1000-grain weight of T78 You 2155decreased with the increased fertilization.The dry matter accumulation at the heading and maturing stages on T78You 2155showed different changing patterns with the nitrogen application.There was a close correlation found between the dry matter accumulation at both the heading and maturing stages and the usable panicles or the ultimate rice yield.
2014, 29(3): 209-213.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.003
Abstract:
Related characteristics with photosynthesis were measured using leaves of potato variety Quan-yun No.3 and Quan Yin No.1 SPAD value of variety Quan-yun No.3 were higher than those of Quan Yin No.1.Photosynthetic parameters such as Pn,LSP and LCP in leaves of Quan-yun No.3were higher than those of Quan Yin No.1.AQY of of Quan Yin No.1are higher than those of Quan-yun No.3.Daily change curve of Pn in leaves of Quan-yun No.3showed a single peak and Pn cited bimodal curve of Quan Yin No.1may be related to species characteristics.Daily change curve of Pn were similar to that of Gs in leaves of Quan-yun No.3.It showed that Gs played a major role in the change course of Pn.
Related characteristics with photosynthesis were measured using leaves of potato variety Quan-yun No.3 and Quan Yin No.1 SPAD value of variety Quan-yun No.3 were higher than those of Quan Yin No.1.Photosynthetic parameters such as Pn,LSP and LCP in leaves of Quan-yun No.3were higher than those of Quan Yin No.1.AQY of of Quan Yin No.1are higher than those of Quan-yun No.3.Daily change curve of Pn in leaves of Quan-yun No.3showed a single peak and Pn cited bimodal curve of Quan Yin No.1may be related to species characteristics.Daily change curve of Pn were similar to that of Gs in leaves of Quan-yun No.3.It showed that Gs played a major role in the change course of Pn.
2014, 29(3): 214-219.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.004
Abstract:
The morphological diversity of spring soybean germplasm resources in Fujian were conducted.The results showed that the morphological diversity was high.The average coefficient of variation was 26.36%,and the average diversity index was 1.372.There were different degrees of correlation among agronomic traits.By the principal component analysis,the cumulative contribution rate of the first 10principal components was 81.806%.Based on the morphological data,125materials were clustered into 3groups.Each group had different agronomic traits.
The morphological diversity of spring soybean germplasm resources in Fujian were conducted.The results showed that the morphological diversity was high.The average coefficient of variation was 26.36%,and the average diversity index was 1.372.There were different degrees of correlation among agronomic traits.By the principal component analysis,the cumulative contribution rate of the first 10principal components was 81.806%.Based on the morphological data,125materials were clustered into 3groups.Each group had different agronomic traits.
2014, 29(3): 220-226.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.005
Abstract:
To study the effects of Salicylic acid(SA)on physiological indexes of Rhododendron hybridumunder low temperature stress,the seedlings of cultivar of Fenhong were pretreated with Salicylic acid of different concentration(0.3、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mmol·L-1),with spraying water as the control.and the physiological indexes changes of Rhododendron hybridum under low temperature at 0℃ for 4days were observed.The results showed that SA solution of different concentration could improve the chilling tolerance of seedlings,among which the 0.5 mmol·L-1 solution was the best.
To study the effects of Salicylic acid(SA)on physiological indexes of Rhododendron hybridumunder low temperature stress,the seedlings of cultivar of Fenhong were pretreated with Salicylic acid of different concentration(0.3、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mmol·L-1),with spraying water as the control.and the physiological indexes changes of Rhododendron hybridum under low temperature at 0℃ for 4days were observed.The results showed that SA solution of different concentration could improve the chilling tolerance of seedlings,among which the 0.5 mmol·L-1 solution was the best.
2014, 29(3): 227-232.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.006
Abstract:
Vegetative teas propagated from more than 30different germplasms were grown on Mountain No.2at the Tea Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2011to 2013.Samples of the Oolong and green teas were produced from their leaves.A blind sensory evaluation was conducted on the tea samples.The result showed that the new Oolong teas,0318Eand 308,scored higher than Huangdan(CK)on both aroma and taste for the 3consecutive years.The aroma of 0318Ewas 2.6,and that of 308 3.0,higher than the control on the score with a statistic significance.The aroma of 0314Cscored 3.2higher than Fudingdabaicha,but not statistically significant.
Vegetative teas propagated from more than 30different germplasms were grown on Mountain No.2at the Tea Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2011to 2013.Samples of the Oolong and green teas were produced from their leaves.A blind sensory evaluation was conducted on the tea samples.The result showed that the new Oolong teas,0318Eand 308,scored higher than Huangdan(CK)on both aroma and taste for the 3consecutive years.The aroma of 0318Ewas 2.6,and that of 308 3.0,higher than the control on the score with a statistic significance.The aroma of 0314Cscored 3.2higher than Fudingdabaicha,but not statistically significant.
2014, 29(3): 233-238.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.007
Abstract:
Effect of Fluoride(F)-stress on photosynthetic gas exchange parameters was studied using 10-month-old clonal plants of the tea,Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze cv.Ruixiang.The plants were grown in pots and fertilized with a nutrient solution containing 0,100,200,600or 1 800mg·L-1 F on a three times a week,24-week application.The photosynthesis characteristics of the tea leaves were determined using aportable photosynthesis system(Li-6400).The result showed that the tea leaves had increased CO2assimilation,stomatal conductance, transpiraition rate,intercellular CO2 concentration,and chlorophyll content when the F level was below 100 mg·L-1.With the F concentration increased up to 600mg·L-1,the CO2assimilation,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased,but no differences in the intercellular CO2 concentration,water use efficiency or biomass.Symptoms of F-stress were apparent when the F concention was beyond 600mg·L-1(F content in the tea leaves was(2880±220)mg·kg-1.
Effect of Fluoride(F)-stress on photosynthetic gas exchange parameters was studied using 10-month-old clonal plants of the tea,Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze cv.Ruixiang.The plants were grown in pots and fertilized with a nutrient solution containing 0,100,200,600or 1 800mg·L-1 F on a three times a week,24-week application.The photosynthesis characteristics of the tea leaves were determined using aportable photosynthesis system(Li-6400).The result showed that the tea leaves had increased CO2assimilation,stomatal conductance, transpiraition rate,intercellular CO2 concentration,and chlorophyll content when the F level was below 100 mg·L-1.With the F concentration increased up to 600mg·L-1,the CO2assimilation,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased,but no differences in the intercellular CO2 concentration,water use efficiency or biomass.Symptoms of F-stress were apparent when the F concention was beyond 600mg·L-1(F content in the tea leaves was(2880±220)mg·kg-1.
2014, 29(3): 239-242.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.008
Abstract:
Vigorous young stem segment of Sapindus mukurossi were used as explants for tissue culture and fast propagation.The results showed that the optimum medium formula of bud induction culture was MS + NAA 0.2 mg·L-1+IBA 0.05mg·L-1+6-BA 3.0mg·L-1and the bud rate reached 94.01%.The optimum combination of multiplication culture was MS+IBA 0.02mg·L-1+6-BA 1.0mg·L-1.During rooting culture,1/2MS+ IBA 0.5mg·L-1+ NAA 0.1mg·L-1 was the optimum medium.The highest rooting rate is 80.47%.After refine seeding transplant,the survival rate was maximal for 89.21%.
Vigorous young stem segment of Sapindus mukurossi were used as explants for tissue culture and fast propagation.The results showed that the optimum medium formula of bud induction culture was MS + NAA 0.2 mg·L-1+IBA 0.05mg·L-1+6-BA 3.0mg·L-1and the bud rate reached 94.01%.The optimum combination of multiplication culture was MS+IBA 0.02mg·L-1+6-BA 1.0mg·L-1.During rooting culture,1/2MS+ IBA 0.5mg·L-1+ NAA 0.1mg·L-1 was the optimum medium.The highest rooting rate is 80.47%.After refine seeding transplant,the survival rate was maximal for 89.21%.
2014, 29(3): 243-246.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.009
Abstract:
Decomposed rice straws were applied on a lettuce field in an attempt to reduce fertilization.Along with the mechanical rice harvesting,a decomposition agent was added to the straws to optimize the application.The results showed that,in comparison with the control,the treatments increased the lettuce production by 833.40-1 633.35kg·hm-2,or 1.42%-2.79%.The lettuce plant height and stem girth increased,and the soil nutrient profile improved.The seasonal soil organic matter content increased by 0.2-0.5g·kg-1(0.65%-1.61%)with a reduction on the amount of fertilizer used.The lettuce yield under Treatment 3was the highest among all with 60 000.30kg·hm-2,an increase of 2.79% over the control.The organic matter content of the lettuce under Treatment 2was the highest(i.e.,31.5g·kg-1),and the available P was the highest as well(98.3mg·kg-1) among all.And,the lettuce treated by Treatment 3contained the most alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(i.e.,120 mg·kg-1).As a result,it was concluded that,with the straw decomposition agent,the optimal addition rate of dry straws to the field was 4 500kg per hectare,while a 10%reduction on nitrogen and phosphate and 10%to 20% on potash fertilization was achieved.
Decomposed rice straws were applied on a lettuce field in an attempt to reduce fertilization.Along with the mechanical rice harvesting,a decomposition agent was added to the straws to optimize the application.The results showed that,in comparison with the control,the treatments increased the lettuce production by 833.40-1 633.35kg·hm-2,or 1.42%-2.79%.The lettuce plant height and stem girth increased,and the soil nutrient profile improved.The seasonal soil organic matter content increased by 0.2-0.5g·kg-1(0.65%-1.61%)with a reduction on the amount of fertilizer used.The lettuce yield under Treatment 3was the highest among all with 60 000.30kg·hm-2,an increase of 2.79% over the control.The organic matter content of the lettuce under Treatment 2was the highest(i.e.,31.5g·kg-1),and the available P was the highest as well(98.3mg·kg-1) among all.And,the lettuce treated by Treatment 3contained the most alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(i.e.,120 mg·kg-1).As a result,it was concluded that,with the straw decomposition agent,the optimal addition rate of dry straws to the field was 4 500kg per hectare,while a 10%reduction on nitrogen and phosphate and 10%to 20% on potash fertilization was achieved.
2014, 29(3): 247-249.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.010
Abstract:
The new lima bean variety,Pulai No.1,was bred from Putian lima bean by systematic selection.Pulai No.1was mid-ripening apple variety.The period from sowing to the first collection time was 90-110days.The harvest time was about 40days after flowering and podding.The first flower in main vine located at knot 9-13.It′s pods were in cluster.Every inflorescence had about 4-8pods.The pod had 3-4capsules,10-14cm in length, 2.8-3.0cm in width and 13-20g in weight.The weight of one hundred fresh bean was about 300-350g.The stripping out rate of fresh bean was about 68%.The seed coat was purple red with light yellow pattern.The commodity nature of pod was good.It was suitable to grow in plain of Fujian.The fruit yield was as high as 1 000-1 200kg per 667m2.The output value was more than 10thousand yuan.
The new lima bean variety,Pulai No.1,was bred from Putian lima bean by systematic selection.Pulai No.1was mid-ripening apple variety.The period from sowing to the first collection time was 90-110days.The harvest time was about 40days after flowering and podding.The first flower in main vine located at knot 9-13.It′s pods were in cluster.Every inflorescence had about 4-8pods.The pod had 3-4capsules,10-14cm in length, 2.8-3.0cm in width and 13-20g in weight.The weight of one hundred fresh bean was about 300-350g.The stripping out rate of fresh bean was about 68%.The seed coat was purple red with light yellow pattern.The commodity nature of pod was good.It was suitable to grow in plain of Fujian.The fruit yield was as high as 1 000-1 200kg per 667m2.The output value was more than 10thousand yuan.
2014, 29(3): 250-255.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.011
Abstract:
The fermentation of Ralstonia solanacearum FJAT-1458 used for production of plant vaccine was conducted in 50Lautomatic fermentation container,and the fermentation broth was prepared to produce with 2‰ agar to form a plant vaccine.During plant vaccine colloidal suspension agent storage process,the characteristics of strain FJAT-1458was detected under different pH values and different percentages of salt,and the control efficiency and attenuation index of strain FJAT-1458were also detected.The results showed that the best storage condition for plant vaccine colloidal suspension agent was pH 6-8and 2%-3% of salt.The Control efficiency of plant vaccine colloidal suspension agent against tomato bacteria wilt during its storage was stable and there was no significant difference between the attenuation in biological view.
The fermentation of Ralstonia solanacearum FJAT-1458 used for production of plant vaccine was conducted in 50Lautomatic fermentation container,and the fermentation broth was prepared to produce with 2‰ agar to form a plant vaccine.During plant vaccine colloidal suspension agent storage process,the characteristics of strain FJAT-1458was detected under different pH values and different percentages of salt,and the control efficiency and attenuation index of strain FJAT-1458were also detected.The results showed that the best storage condition for plant vaccine colloidal suspension agent was pH 6-8and 2%-3% of salt.The Control efficiency of plant vaccine colloidal suspension agent against tomato bacteria wilt during its storage was stable and there was no significant difference between the attenuation in biological view.
2014, 29(3): 256-260.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.012
Abstract:
The selectivity of tea aphid on fourteen tea cultivars was elevated,and the relationship between Tea Leaf Structure and selectivity of tea aphids on tea germplasms was analyzed.Our results showed that:① Aphid shoot rate(%),aphid number ratio,aphid sentiment index are feasible to measure the selectivity of tea aphid on different cultivars.② Aphid shoot rate(%),aphid number ratio,aphid sentiment index have a strong positive correlation with the stoma density while negative with the thickness of subepidermis,the thickness of cuticular layer on subepidermis,the thickness of palisade tissue of tea leaf,and no significant correlation with the pubescence length and density,the leaf thickness,the thickness of spongy tissue of tea leaf.③ The stoma density,the thickness of subepidermis,the thickness of the cuticular layer on subepidermis,the thickness of palisade tissue is significant factors on the selectivity of tea aphids on tea germplasms.
The selectivity of tea aphid on fourteen tea cultivars was elevated,and the relationship between Tea Leaf Structure and selectivity of tea aphids on tea germplasms was analyzed.Our results showed that:① Aphid shoot rate(%),aphid number ratio,aphid sentiment index are feasible to measure the selectivity of tea aphid on different cultivars.② Aphid shoot rate(%),aphid number ratio,aphid sentiment index have a strong positive correlation with the stoma density while negative with the thickness of subepidermis,the thickness of cuticular layer on subepidermis,the thickness of palisade tissue of tea leaf,and no significant correlation with the pubescence length and density,the leaf thickness,the thickness of spongy tissue of tea leaf.③ The stoma density,the thickness of subepidermis,the thickness of the cuticular layer on subepidermis,the thickness of palisade tissue is significant factors on the selectivity of tea aphids on tea germplasms.
2014, 29(3): 261-265.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.013
Abstract:
The malolactic bacterium strain RF17was identified by its morphological,ecological,physiological and biochemical characteristics,as well as the results from the 16SrDNA and phe S sequence analyses.Its safety for food application was determined by an acute toxicity test in order to evaluate the potential for commercial development.The results showed that the rod-shaped,gram positive RF17cells had 32out of 49sugar alcohols. The strain was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum subsp.plantarum.Its bacterial MTD was greater than 61.2 g·kg-1 body weight.Based on the acute toxic dose fractionation,RF17 was considered non-toxic and safe for human consumption.
The malolactic bacterium strain RF17was identified by its morphological,ecological,physiological and biochemical characteristics,as well as the results from the 16SrDNA and phe S sequence analyses.Its safety for food application was determined by an acute toxicity test in order to evaluate the potential for commercial development.The results showed that the rod-shaped,gram positive RF17cells had 32out of 49sugar alcohols. The strain was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum subsp.plantarum.Its bacterial MTD was greater than 61.2 g·kg-1 body weight.Based on the acute toxic dose fractionation,RF17 was considered non-toxic and safe for human consumption.
2014, 29(3): 266-270.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.014
Abstract:
Monascus purpureus S was used to research the effects of different vitamins on pigment production and color hue of fermentation liquor.The result indicated that niacin and folic acid were obvious promoted pigment production,the color value was up to about 80U·g-1.The color tone value of Monascus pigment production was 1.40when adding 0.03% niacin,which would lead to obtain high color value with red tone.Based on vitamin single-factor experiment,the culture medium of Monascus was optimized by quadratic general rotary design and a quadratic regression equation was established.The optimum culture medium of Monascus was obtained by variance analysis and the optimization of mathematical model,which were 3.97% rice powder,3.37% monosodium glutamate,0.024% Mn2+and 0.04% vitamin PP.Under those conditions,the highest color value reached with estimated value and cerified value being of 107.3U·g-1 and 106.7U·g-1.
Monascus purpureus S was used to research the effects of different vitamins on pigment production and color hue of fermentation liquor.The result indicated that niacin and folic acid were obvious promoted pigment production,the color value was up to about 80U·g-1.The color tone value of Monascus pigment production was 1.40when adding 0.03% niacin,which would lead to obtain high color value with red tone.Based on vitamin single-factor experiment,the culture medium of Monascus was optimized by quadratic general rotary design and a quadratic regression equation was established.The optimum culture medium of Monascus was obtained by variance analysis and the optimization of mathematical model,which were 3.97% rice powder,3.37% monosodium glutamate,0.024% Mn2+and 0.04% vitamin PP.Under those conditions,the highest color value reached with estimated value and cerified value being of 107.3U·g-1 and 106.7U·g-1.
2014, 29(3): 271-275.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.015
Abstract:
Microwave was applied for the extraction of polysaccharides from the stems of Clitocybe maxima.The parameters studied in the single-factor orthogonal experiment included material to liquid ratio,extraction time,and microwave power.The optimum conditions obtained were:the material to liquid ratio,1∶25;extract duration, 8min;and,microwave power,540W.Among them,microwave power exerted the greatest effect,while extraction time the least,on the polysaccharide extraction rate.Compared to the conventional hot water extraction,the new method had a 57.7% higher yield and 30.8% more polysaccharides.
Microwave was applied for the extraction of polysaccharides from the stems of Clitocybe maxima.The parameters studied in the single-factor orthogonal experiment included material to liquid ratio,extraction time,and microwave power.The optimum conditions obtained were:the material to liquid ratio,1∶25;extract duration, 8min;and,microwave power,540W.Among them,microwave power exerted the greatest effect,while extraction time the least,on the polysaccharide extraction rate.Compared to the conventional hot water extraction,the new method had a 57.7% higher yield and 30.8% more polysaccharides.
2014, 29(3): 276-281.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.016
Abstract:
Proteases,Protamex,Flavourzyme,Protex.7L,trypsin and papain were tested for the hydrolysis of Alcalase-hydrolyzed corn gluten meal for oligo-peptide preparation.From the single factor experiment using the response surface methodology,the optimized conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis were found to be Protex.7L usage at a rate of 1 070U·g-1,pH at 9.0,and temperature at 44.0℃.The oligo-peptide yield was up to(45.81 ±0.35)%,reaching the predicted maximum with a relative error of less than±1%.That was 25.04%higher than that when the hydrolysis was carried out using Alcalase alone.
Proteases,Protamex,Flavourzyme,Protex.7L,trypsin and papain were tested for the hydrolysis of Alcalase-hydrolyzed corn gluten meal for oligo-peptide preparation.From the single factor experiment using the response surface methodology,the optimized conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis were found to be Protex.7L usage at a rate of 1 070U·g-1,pH at 9.0,and temperature at 44.0℃.The oligo-peptide yield was up to(45.81 ±0.35)%,reaching the predicted maximum with a relative error of less than±1%.That was 25.04%higher than that when the hydrolysis was carried out using Alcalase alone.
2014, 29(3): 282-285.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.017
Abstract:
In this paper,study on the main biochemical composition in Tie-guanyin machining process and measure the content of caffeine,tea polyphenols,free amino acids in the different processes.The results showed that the content of caffeine,tea polyphenols,free amino acids with Tie-guanyin machining process change regularly. Chaoqing is the critical manufacturing process,high temperature causes degeneration of enzyme inactivation and stops fermentation,Tie-guanyin containing material is cured in Chaoqing process.Thereafter in the Rounian, Honggan and other processes,the content of caffeine,tea polyphenols is stabilized,the content of free amino acids reduces slowly.
In this paper,study on the main biochemical composition in Tie-guanyin machining process and measure the content of caffeine,tea polyphenols,free amino acids in the different processes.The results showed that the content of caffeine,tea polyphenols,free amino acids with Tie-guanyin machining process change regularly. Chaoqing is the critical manufacturing process,high temperature causes degeneration of enzyme inactivation and stops fermentation,Tie-guanyin containing material is cured in Chaoqing process.Thereafter in the Rounian, Honggan and other processes,the content of caffeine,tea polyphenols is stabilized,the content of free amino acids reduces slowly.
2014, 29(3): 286-290.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.018
Abstract:
The pigments of pitaya are natural dyes from plant with the characters of stable and wide in color gamut. The study was extracting red pigment from the pulp of pitaya to develop its comprehensive utilization.The pulp powder was prepared for extraction with freeze drying method and extracting procedure was optimized by single factor method,and then multi-factor orthogonal test.The results showed that,using 20% ethanol as extraction agent,the color in red solution was the brightest with the highest in absorbance.The acidity in the solution enhanced the pigment extraction;the maximum absorbance was observed while the temperature for extraction was at 40℃.The procedure of the optimum extraction was as extraction temperature 30℃,extraction time 45min,pH 6.5,and 30%ethanol concentration.The 4factors affected extraction differently,of which,extraction temperature was the key factor for controlling.
The pigments of pitaya are natural dyes from plant with the characters of stable and wide in color gamut. The study was extracting red pigment from the pulp of pitaya to develop its comprehensive utilization.The pulp powder was prepared for extraction with freeze drying method and extracting procedure was optimized by single factor method,and then multi-factor orthogonal test.The results showed that,using 20% ethanol as extraction agent,the color in red solution was the brightest with the highest in absorbance.The acidity in the solution enhanced the pigment extraction;the maximum absorbance was observed while the temperature for extraction was at 40℃.The procedure of the optimum extraction was as extraction temperature 30℃,extraction time 45min,pH 6.5,and 30%ethanol concentration.The 4factors affected extraction differently,of which,extraction temperature was the key factor for controlling.
2014, 29(3): 291-295.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.019
Abstract:
The determination method of the active ingredients in tebuconazole and prochloraz 50% micro-emulsion(ME)was established by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC).Samples were dissolved by methanol and then determined by the reversed phase HPLC.The HPLC conditions were methanol-acetonitrile-water(35∶ 30∶35,by vol)as mobile phase,flow-rate was 1.0 mL·min-1,XTerra RP-18column,Photodiode Array(PDA)detector and detection wave length at 220nm.The external standard method was employed for quantitative analysis.The results showed that the linear relationship between the peak area and concentration was in the range of 101.01to 1 010.08mg·L-1(r=0.999 9)for tebuconazole,and 99.06to 990.85mg·L-1(r=0.999 8)for prochloraz,respectively.Meanwhile,the RSD were 0.19% and 0.13%,and the average recoveries were 101.14 and 101.22%.Our results suggested that the method with simple,rapid and good separating effect,can be used for the quality control and detection of products.
The determination method of the active ingredients in tebuconazole and prochloraz 50% micro-emulsion(ME)was established by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC).Samples were dissolved by methanol and then determined by the reversed phase HPLC.The HPLC conditions were methanol-acetonitrile-water(35∶ 30∶35,by vol)as mobile phase,flow-rate was 1.0 mL·min-1,XTerra RP-18column,Photodiode Array(PDA)detector and detection wave length at 220nm.The external standard method was employed for quantitative analysis.The results showed that the linear relationship between the peak area and concentration was in the range of 101.01to 1 010.08mg·L-1(r=0.999 9)for tebuconazole,and 99.06to 990.85mg·L-1(r=0.999 8)for prochloraz,respectively.Meanwhile,the RSD were 0.19% and 0.13%,and the average recoveries were 101.14 and 101.22%.Our results suggested that the method with simple,rapid and good separating effect,can be used for the quality control and detection of products.
2014, 29(3): 296-300.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.03.020
Abstract:
In Fujian,all kinds of agricultural management bodies are developing steadily.Rural land circulation is going on smoothly and policy support becomes stronger.But there are also many problems in the training of new agricultural management body,rural finance service,rural land circulation and agricultural insurance.In this study, development strategies for agriculture managing system were put forward,which included the development of new agricultural management body,construction of new socialized services system,advancement of rural land circulation,and the strength of finance service.
In Fujian,all kinds of agricultural management bodies are developing steadily.Rural land circulation is going on smoothly and policy support becomes stronger.But there are also many problems in the training of new agricultural management body,rural finance service,rural land circulation and agricultural insurance.In this study, development strategies for agriculture managing system were put forward,which included the development of new agricultural management body,construction of new socialized services system,advancement of rural land circulation,and the strength of finance service.
