2004 Vol. 19, No. 4
Display Method:
2004, 19(4): 193-197.
Abstract:
The growth and out-crossing characteristics of high quality rice male sterile lines T55A and T80A were studied.The results showed that days from sowing to heading and numbers of main stem leaves of T55A and T80A were significantly correlative to effective accumulated temperature(10C),it indicated that both T55A and T80A were developmentally temperature-sensitive.T55A had the characteristics of early flowering,high percentage of spikelet opening before noon and concentrated flowering;while T80A was spikelet opening earlier than T55A,but not concentrated flowering,and the percentage of spikelet flowering before noon was low.Both T55A and T80A had strong stigma vigor,but their seed-setting by out-crossing was much variant under different environments.
The growth and out-crossing characteristics of high quality rice male sterile lines T55A and T80A were studied.The results showed that days from sowing to heading and numbers of main stem leaves of T55A and T80A were significantly correlative to effective accumulated temperature(10C),it indicated that both T55A and T80A were developmentally temperature-sensitive.T55A had the characteristics of early flowering,high percentage of spikelet opening before noon and concentrated flowering;while T80A was spikelet opening earlier than T55A,but not concentrated flowering,and the percentage of spikelet flowering before noon was low.Both T55A and T80A had strong stigma vigor,but their seed-setting by out-crossing was much variant under different environments.
2004, 19(4): 198-201.
Abstract:
The main physiological characteristics of six South China super high-yielding rice varieties(combinations).including dry matter weight,chlorophyll contents(a+b)of the functional leaves.leaf area index(LAI),root activity and net photosynthetic rate were measured at the active tillering stage in both early and latecrops.The significance of difference among these physiological characteristics and the effects of these physiologicalcharaetenstics to dry matter weight,and the effects of different environments between early and late crops wereanalyzed by using statistics methods.The required physiological values at the active tillering stage for dynamicplant type breeding of South China double cropping super high-yielding rice were put forward.They were 3.9-4.2mg·g-1in the early crop and 4.0 mg·g-1m the late crop for the ideal chlorophyll contents(a and b)of thefunctional leaves.270—348/μg·g-1·h-1in the early crop and 318 μg·g-1·h-1in the late crop for the ideal rootactivity.2.4-2.7 in the early crop and 3.8 in the late crop for the ideal leaf area mdex.24.8 μmol·m2·s1 inthe early crop and 23.3μmol·m2·s1 in the late crop for the ideal net photosynthetic rate of functional leaves.
The main physiological characteristics of six South China super high-yielding rice varieties(combinations).including dry matter weight,chlorophyll contents(a+b)of the functional leaves.leaf area index(LAI),root activity and net photosynthetic rate were measured at the active tillering stage in both early and latecrops.The significance of difference among these physiological characteristics and the effects of these physiologicalcharaetenstics to dry matter weight,and the effects of different environments between early and late crops wereanalyzed by using statistics methods.The required physiological values at the active tillering stage for dynamicplant type breeding of South China double cropping super high-yielding rice were put forward.They were 3.9-4.2mg·g-1in the early crop and 4.0 mg·g-1m the late crop for the ideal chlorophyll contents(a and b)of thefunctional leaves.270—348/μg·g-1·h-1in the early crop and 318 μg·g-1·h-1in the late crop for the ideal rootactivity.2.4-2.7 in the early crop and 3.8 in the late crop for the ideal leaf area mdex.24.8 μmol·m2·s1 inthe early crop and 23.3μmol·m2·s1 in the late crop for the ideal net photosynthetic rate of functional leaves.
2004, 19(4): 202-205.
Abstract:
The toxicity of 0.3% Azadirachtin emulsion comentration and Verticillium lecanii to Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans were tested.The results showed that 0.3% Azadirachtin emulsion comentration had some toxicity to Amblsyseius cucumeris Oudemans.The LC50 to Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans was 5.01 mg·L-1 regression linear equation was y=1.2294x+0.526.But it showed no toxicity to Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans after Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans eat the citrus spider mite that were treated by 0.3% Azadiraehtin.And Verticillium lecanii also had no toxicity to Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans.So adopting 0.3% Azadirachtin and Verticillium lecanii to control green leaf hopper,citrus pest mite,citrus white fly.citrus scale,aphid and other pests.not only acquirc better control effects but also protect the natural enemies—Amblyseius cucmeris Oudemans.
The toxicity of 0.3% Azadirachtin emulsion comentration and Verticillium lecanii to Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans were tested.The results showed that 0.3% Azadirachtin emulsion comentration had some toxicity to Amblsyseius cucumeris Oudemans.The LC50 to Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans was 5.01 mg·L-1 regression linear equation was y=1.2294x+0.526.But it showed no toxicity to Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans after Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans eat the citrus spider mite that were treated by 0.3% Azadiraehtin.And Verticillium lecanii also had no toxicity to Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans.So adopting 0.3% Azadirachtin and Verticillium lecanii to control green leaf hopper,citrus pest mite,citrus white fly.citrus scale,aphid and other pests.not only acquirc better control effects but also protect the natural enemies—Amblyseius cucmeris Oudemans.
2004, 19(4): 206-209.
Abstract:
It was found that Campylomma chinensis Schuh fed on eggs of Plutella xylostella L.. The artificial multiplieation of Campylomma chinensis in cultural room and the effect of the bugs on controlling Plutella xylostella L.in the field were studied.The results showed that Campylomma chinensis Schuh played an important role in controlling the population of Plutella xylostella L.in the field.
It was found that Campylomma chinensis Schuh fed on eggs of Plutella xylostella L.. The artificial multiplieation of Campylomma chinensis in cultural room and the effect of the bugs on controlling Plutella xylostella L.in the field were studied.The results showed that Campylomma chinensis Schuh played an important role in controlling the population of Plutella xylostella L.in the field.
2004, 19(4): 210-212.
Abstract:
The crude extracts from mycelia toxin of Verticillium lecanii(Zimm.)viegas strain Vp28 were gained after extractions with organic solvent and vacuum concentration.and the deterrent effect of the crude extracts on the adults of Bemisia tabaci was tested.The results showed that the crude extract from mycelia toxin of V.lecanii strain Vp28 possessed deterrent effect on adults of B.tabaci under 2000-6000 diluted concentration.and the deterrent rate dropped linearly with the decrease of the applied concentration of crude extracts.
The crude extracts from mycelia toxin of Verticillium lecanii(Zimm.)viegas strain Vp28 were gained after extractions with organic solvent and vacuum concentration.and the deterrent effect of the crude extracts on the adults of Bemisia tabaci was tested.The results showed that the crude extract from mycelia toxin of V.lecanii strain Vp28 possessed deterrent effect on adults of B.tabaci under 2000-6000 diluted concentration.and the deterrent rate dropped linearly with the decrease of the applied concentration of crude extracts.
2004, 19(4): 213-218.
Abstract:
Systemic investigations on the pathogen of epidemic septicemia,a new infectious disease in fishes(mainly silver carps,tilapia)which occurred among cultured fishes in South China in summer to early-autumn of 2003 were carried out.Two strains of Edwardstella tarda(Et)and a strain of Citrobacter freundn(Cf)were isolated from kidney of moribund fishes with hemorrhage in dermis,vent,fin,gill and internal organs.Four-tube method and clinic symptom indicated that two isolates belong to Et and a isolate Cf.In addition.VITEK-JR30 system was used to identify these isolates and reconfirmed the results.Pathogenic test documented that the bacteria are the causative agents of the disease.After experimentally infected by the bacteria via intraperitoneal inoculation,fishes died of hemorrhagic scpticemia,similar to naturally infected fish.The piscine diseases were effectively controlled by using sensitive drugs which had been proven to be strongly susceptive to these strains.
Systemic investigations on the pathogen of epidemic septicemia,a new infectious disease in fishes(mainly silver carps,tilapia)which occurred among cultured fishes in South China in summer to early-autumn of 2003 were carried out.Two strains of Edwardstella tarda(Et)and a strain of Citrobacter freundn(Cf)were isolated from kidney of moribund fishes with hemorrhage in dermis,vent,fin,gill and internal organs.Four-tube method and clinic symptom indicated that two isolates belong to Et and a isolate Cf.In addition.VITEK-JR30 system was used to identify these isolates and reconfirmed the results.Pathogenic test documented that the bacteria are the causative agents of the disease.After experimentally infected by the bacteria via intraperitoneal inoculation,fishes died of hemorrhagic scpticemia,similar to naturally infected fish.The piscine diseases were effectively controlled by using sensitive drugs which had been proven to be strongly susceptive to these strains.
2004, 19(4): 219-223.
Abstract:
The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of the digestible energy and lysme on the performance and biochemical traits of growing-finishing pigs during constant high temperature period.Thtrty-two cross bred (Duroc×Long white×Large white)fatterting pigs.weighing an average of 44.1kg±1.8kg.were randomly assigned to four treatments.The level of the crude protem was 15.5%.The levels of energy were 13.23 MJ·kg1.13.73 MJ·kg1,14.93 MJ·kg-1.14.73 MJ·kg1,and the,levels of lysine were 0.676%.0.726%,0.764%.0.800% respectively.Results showed that:①High dietary energy and lysine level increased the body weight sigmficantly(P0.05)and decreased the Fecd/Gain ratio(P0.05).②With the increase of the dietary energy and lysine.the concentration of thyroxine(T3).total protein,globulin in the serum increased significantly(P0.05),and the concentration of Thyroxine(T4).glucose.albumin.increased insignificantly(P0.05).but the content of creatine kinase.triglyceride.Albumin/Globulin decreased significantly(P0.05).③With the increase of the dietary energy and lysine.serum K+ increased significantly(P0.05)and serum C1 decreased(P0.05),The energy and lysine had little effect on the serum Na+.④The energy and lysine increased the levels of blood antibody and lymphocyte ratio,and had a significant effect on Serum IgM(P0.05).and had a insignificant effect on the serum IgA.IgG and lvmphocvte ratio(P0.05).
The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of the digestible energy and lysme on the performance and biochemical traits of growing-finishing pigs during constant high temperature period.Thtrty-two cross bred (Duroc×Long white×Large white)fatterting pigs.weighing an average of 44.1kg±1.8kg.were randomly assigned to four treatments.The level of the crude protem was 15.5%.The levels of energy were 13.23 MJ·kg1.13.73 MJ·kg1,14.93 MJ·kg-1.14.73 MJ·kg1,and the,levels of lysine were 0.676%.0.726%,0.764%.0.800% respectively.Results showed that:①High dietary energy and lysine level increased the body weight sigmficantly(P0.05)and decreased the Fecd/Gain ratio(P0.05).②With the increase of the dietary energy and lysine.the concentration of thyroxine(T3).total protein,globulin in the serum increased significantly(P0.05),and the concentration of Thyroxine(T4).glucose.albumin.increased insignificantly(P0.05).but the content of creatine kinase.triglyceride.Albumin/Globulin decreased significantly(P0.05).③With the increase of the dietary energy and lysine.serum K+ increased significantly(P0.05)and serum C1 decreased(P0.05),The energy and lysine had little effect on the serum Na+.④The energy and lysine increased the levels of blood antibody and lymphocyte ratio,and had a significant effect on Serum IgM(P0.05).and had a insignificant effect on the serum IgA.IgG and lvmphocvte ratio(P0.05).
2004, 19(4): 224-227.
Abstract:
The results of research on the introduced peach vaviety“Premier”showed that:“Premier”belong to the variety type of super short-low-temperature as it could anthesis and bear fruit under the condition of accumulated 54 hours of ≤7.2℃ during the winter season;“Premier”had the characteristic of high-yielding.The fruit yield of each tree was 39 kg.54.5kg.52.5kg and 76.5kg after planting 2,3,4 and 5 years,respectively;“Premier” had the trait of good fruit quality with a soluble solid content of 12.7% and 147.8g of each fruit weight.
The results of research on the introduced peach vaviety“Premier”showed that:“Premier”belong to the variety type of super short-low-temperature as it could anthesis and bear fruit under the condition of accumulated 54 hours of ≤7.2℃ during the winter season;“Premier”had the characteristic of high-yielding.The fruit yield of each tree was 39 kg.54.5kg.52.5kg and 76.5kg after planting 2,3,4 and 5 years,respectively;“Premier” had the trait of good fruit quality with a soluble solid content of 12.7% and 147.8g of each fruit weight.
2004, 19(4): 228-231.
Abstract:
Using middle-leaf type and asexual Oolong tea varieties as experimental materials,the phenotypic and genotypic relativities between growth characters of young tea plants and the yield were observed and analyzed.The results showed that the relation between the height.trunk diameter,branch number of naturally growing tea plants in the 1st—2nd year and the yield were not significant;the phenotypic and genotypic relativities among trunk diameter,branch number,leaf number of naturally growing tea plants in the 3rd year,leaf-branch amounts after pruning practice during the 3rd—4th year’s period,spring sprout number tea plants in the 4th year,the yield in the 5th year with averaged 5-year yield during the 5th—9th year’s period reached significant or very significant.It was suggested that the above seven characters could be served as the objective characters for early identification on tea plants yield and variety selection.The regression analysis on growth characters and yield showed that the relation between trunk diameter in the 3rd year,leaf-branch number after pruning practice in the 4th year,yield in the 5th year with averaged 5-year yield and the 5th—9th year’s period were linear regression;whereas,the relation between branch number,leaf number,spring sprout number with averaged 5-year yield and the 5th—9th year’s period was a logarithmic regression.
Using middle-leaf type and asexual Oolong tea varieties as experimental materials,the phenotypic and genotypic relativities between growth characters of young tea plants and the yield were observed and analyzed.The results showed that the relation between the height.trunk diameter,branch number of naturally growing tea plants in the 1st—2nd year and the yield were not significant;the phenotypic and genotypic relativities among trunk diameter,branch number,leaf number of naturally growing tea plants in the 3rd year,leaf-branch amounts after pruning practice during the 3rd—4th year’s period,spring sprout number tea plants in the 4th year,the yield in the 5th year with averaged 5-year yield during the 5th—9th year’s period reached significant or very significant.It was suggested that the above seven characters could be served as the objective characters for early identification on tea plants yield and variety selection.The regression analysis on growth characters and yield showed that the relation between trunk diameter in the 3rd year,leaf-branch number after pruning practice in the 4th year,yield in the 5th year with averaged 5-year yield and the 5th—9th year’s period were linear regression;whereas,the relation between branch number,leaf number,spring sprout number with averaged 5-year yield and the 5th—9th year’s period was a logarithmic regression.
2004, 19(4): 232-237.
Abstract:
The plant number and yield of forage growing in different time were observed and recorded in successive three years.The results showed that temperate specise(Trifolium repens cv.Haifa and Dactyls glomerate cv.Porto)sowed grew poor in the spring and that sowed m the autumn grew well.On the contrary,tropical species (Macroptilium atropurpureum cv.Siratro and Digitarta smutsii cv.Premier Finger grass)grew well sowed in the spring and that soved in the autumn grew poor.The method of grey cot relation analysis was applied by using the synthetic evaluation indexes such as plants number.colour.relative forage yield.height,width,flowering,relative seeds yield,lodging months and actual yield as sub-sequence,and ideal values as the sequence.The result was suitable for the changing of plant number and yield.
The plant number and yield of forage growing in different time were observed and recorded in successive three years.The results showed that temperate specise(Trifolium repens cv.Haifa and Dactyls glomerate cv.Porto)sowed grew poor in the spring and that sowed m the autumn grew well.On the contrary,tropical species (Macroptilium atropurpureum cv.Siratro and Digitarta smutsii cv.Premier Finger grass)grew well sowed in the spring and that soved in the autumn grew poor.The method of grey cot relation analysis was applied by using the synthetic evaluation indexes such as plants number.colour.relative forage yield.height,width,flowering,relative seeds yield,lodging months and actual yield as sub-sequence,and ideal values as the sequence.The result was suitable for the changing of plant number and yield.
2004, 19(4): 238-242.
Abstract:
A method for preparing the immuno-stimulating complexes(ISCOMs)with theβ-hemolysin(β-HemA) and Quil A was described,in which the β-hemolysin of Aeromonas hydrophila was extracted by ammonium sulphate gradient precipitation and pretreated with an acidic pH(2.5)to reveal hydrophobic regions,and then was mixed with the Quil A and other reagents.The ISCOMs was a cagelike Structure with a diameter of 30—40 nm by negative contrast electron microscopy.Several groups of eel were immunized with β-HemA-ISCOMs,β-HemA-CFA and same amount of β-hemolysin without adjuvant,respectively,and followed by challenge with a virlent bacterial strain TPS-30.The protecion rates of that were 100%,62.5%,and 50%,respectively.The result indicated that the eel immunized with β-HemA-ISCOMs were effectively protected against the challenge.
A method for preparing the immuno-stimulating complexes(ISCOMs)with theβ-hemolysin(β-HemA) and Quil A was described,in which the β-hemolysin of Aeromonas hydrophila was extracted by ammonium sulphate gradient precipitation and pretreated with an acidic pH(2.5)to reveal hydrophobic regions,and then was mixed with the Quil A and other reagents.The ISCOMs was a cagelike Structure with a diameter of 30—40 nm by negative contrast electron microscopy.Several groups of eel were immunized with β-HemA-ISCOMs,β-HemA-CFA and same amount of β-hemolysin without adjuvant,respectively,and followed by challenge with a virlent bacterial strain TPS-30.The protecion rates of that were 100%,62.5%,and 50%,respectively.The result indicated that the eel immunized with β-HemA-ISCOMs were effectively protected against the challenge.
2004, 19(4): 243-246.
Abstract:
The varieties of early-mature and middle-late-mature Chinese cabbage were used to study the influence of genotype and physioloyical status of donor plants on microspore embryogenesis and plant regeneration.The results showed that inducement ratio of the embryoid was significantly different among the different donor plants and the embryo productivity had no significant difference between the earty-mature varieties and middle-late-maturing ones.The temperature from three days before bud plucking to the plucking day was a key factor and 14℃/24℃ (night/day)was most suitable to induce microspore embryogenesis.The bud in full florescence and the donor plant with good nutritional status were also beneficial to induce microspore embryogenesis and plant regeneration.
The varieties of early-mature and middle-late-mature Chinese cabbage were used to study the influence of genotype and physioloyical status of donor plants on microspore embryogenesis and plant regeneration.The results showed that inducement ratio of the embryoid was significantly different among the different donor plants and the embryo productivity had no significant difference between the earty-mature varieties and middle-late-maturing ones.The temperature from three days before bud plucking to the plucking day was a key factor and 14℃/24℃ (night/day)was most suitable to induce microspore embryogenesis.The bud in full florescence and the donor plant with good nutritional status were also beneficial to induce microspore embryogenesis and plant regeneration.
2004, 19(4): 247-249.
Abstract:
The technology of esterase isozyme electrophoresis had been compared with field purity test in identifying genetic purity of hybrid rice.The results showed that there was no significantly difference between these two methods in purity test for hybrid rice cultivars.And the former could be used as an assistant measure in the practices.Some problems about the technology of esterase isozyme electrophoresis for purity test were also discussed.
The technology of esterase isozyme electrophoresis had been compared with field purity test in identifying genetic purity of hybrid rice.The results showed that there was no significantly difference between these two methods in purity test for hybrid rice cultivars.And the former could be used as an assistant measure in the practices.Some problems about the technology of esterase isozyme electrophoresis for purity test were also discussed.
2004, 19(4): 250-253.
Abstract:
MAP storage technique for Jiefangzhong loquat,such as storing temperature,thickness of packaged film and packaged fruit weight were studied,the result indicated that low temperature significantly inhibited fruit respiration,but the respiratory rate increased when storing temperature below 6 C;the best storing temperature of Jiefangzhong loquat was 8—10C;MAP storage could greatly prolong the storing time and delay the decrease of fruit quality,the storing time could be over 30 days.Under the same superficial dimension,the thickness of film decided the proper packaged fruit weight,their proper packaged fruit weight were 3.6 kg·m-2 and 6.4 kg·m-2with 0.03 mm and 0.02 mm polyethylene film.
MAP storage technique for Jiefangzhong loquat,such as storing temperature,thickness of packaged film and packaged fruit weight were studied,the result indicated that low temperature significantly inhibited fruit respiration,but the respiratory rate increased when storing temperature below 6 C;the best storing temperature of Jiefangzhong loquat was 8—10C;MAP storage could greatly prolong the storing time and delay the decrease of fruit quality,the storing time could be over 30 days.Under the same superficial dimension,the thickness of film decided the proper packaged fruit weight,their proper packaged fruit weight were 3.6 kg·m-2 and 6.4 kg·m-2with 0.03 mm and 0.02 mm polyethylene film.
