1996 Vol. 11, No. 3
Display Method:
1996, 11(3): 1-6.
Abstract:
Red Relshi No.6”with high-yield and fine-quality for woodiog cultivation was princi-pally applied and popularized by our institute in Fujian province.In this paper,the log-cultivated and economic characters were described.Electric scanning microscopy(ESM)and light rnicroscopy were used to study the basldiospore.The results showed that most of spores were ovate-obrotund with trancated or abtuse apex,their size were 6.53～8.04×9.55～12.56μm,some shallow minute hollows were evident on the spore surface.Under ESM,the trunk of skelete hyphae had a diameter of 2.6～3.95μm and the branch had a diameter of 1.8～2. 6μm,the majority of binding hyphae were tortuous and had a diarneter of 1.1～1.5μm。Easteraes zymograms of“Red Reishi No.6”and other strains in Fujian province,were analysed and compared by gradient concentration polyacry-lamide gel electrophoresis(GC-PAGE).The resuits showed that“Red Reishi No.6”had 15 bands ditributed in gelconcentration ranging from 8.9%to 25.6%,with remarkable difference from oth-er strins.
Red Relshi No.6”with high-yield and fine-quality for woodiog cultivation was princi-pally applied and popularized by our institute in Fujian province.In this paper,the log-cultivated and economic characters were described.Electric scanning microscopy(ESM)and light rnicroscopy were used to study the basldiospore.The results showed that most of spores were ovate-obrotund with trancated or abtuse apex,their size were 6.53～8.04×9.55～12.56μm,some shallow minute hollows were evident on the spore surface.Under ESM,the trunk of skelete hyphae had a diameter of 2.6～3.95μm and the branch had a diameter of 1.8～2. 6μm,the majority of binding hyphae were tortuous and had a diarneter of 1.1～1.5μm。Easteraes zymograms of“Red Reishi No.6”and other strains in Fujian province,were analysed and compared by gradient concentration polyacry-lamide gel electrophoresis(GC-PAGE).The resuits showed that“Red Reishi No.6”had 15 bands ditributed in gelconcentration ranging from 8.9%to 25.6%,with remarkable difference from oth-er strins.
1996, 11(3): 7-9.
Abstract:
Rice blastresistant varieties,Dwarf Tetep,ChiKuaiai,Hongjiaozhan,Wunong N0. 1 and Gunong No. 13 were identified for their blast resistanec in 1990～1993.The resistant rates of these varieties to physiological races were 100.0%,72.73%,81 82%,8l.82%and 100.0%respective-ly,and to isolated strains were 96.01%,95.21%,94.52%,94.57%and 98.46%respective-ly。These 5 varieties were also undertaken the jiont identification in national and Fujian provincial uniform rice blast nursery.The results showed that,4 of them performed highly resistant to leaf and panicle blast,except Wunong No.1 which appeared middle resistant Genetic analysis showed that,the resistanec to physiological races ZA49,ZB1 and ZB13 of the varieties Dwarf Tetep,Chikuaiai and Wunong No.1 were governed by two pairs of dominant genes,while the variety Wunong No.1had only one dorninant gene of resistance to race ZC1.Segregation ratioes of three pairs of genes for the resistance to races ZB13 and ZC13 were detected in F2 populations of the crosses of Chikuaiai/Wunong No.1 and Chikuaiai/Gunong No.13,respectively.
Rice blastresistant varieties,Dwarf Tetep,ChiKuaiai,Hongjiaozhan,Wunong N0. 1 and Gunong No. 13 were identified for their blast resistanec in 1990～1993.The resistant rates of these varieties to physiological races were 100.0%,72.73%,81 82%,8l.82%and 100.0%respective-ly,and to isolated strains were 96.01%,95.21%,94.52%,94.57%and 98.46%respective-ly。These 5 varieties were also undertaken the jiont identification in national and Fujian provincial uniform rice blast nursery.The results showed that,4 of them performed highly resistant to leaf and panicle blast,except Wunong No.1 which appeared middle resistant Genetic analysis showed that,the resistanec to physiological races ZA49,ZB1 and ZB13 of the varieties Dwarf Tetep,Chikuaiai and Wunong No.1 were governed by two pairs of dominant genes,while the variety Wunong No.1had only one dorninant gene of resistance to race ZC1.Segregation ratioes of three pairs of genes for the resistance to races ZB13 and ZC13 were detected in F2 populations of the crosses of Chikuaiai/Wunong No.1 and Chikuaiai/Gunong No.13,respectively.
1996, 11(3): 10-13.
Abstract:
Barley varieties in Fujian province had been seriously infected by Powdery Mildew,it heav-ily limited the increasement of yield,so the high quality and disease-resistant variety─ “Mushigang3”were used to crossed with”pudamaiyand a new feeding barley variety with good-harvest,high quality and disease-resistant-pudamai 5 have been bred,it made a breakthrough progress in Powdery Mildew resistant breeding.The main experience were showed as follow:to make a correct objetion of selection,give prominence Powdery Mildew resistant and good-har-vest characteristic,open up disease resistant resources in extensive,make scientific crossing de-sign,create profitable condition for disease,select vigorous disease-resistant plant,propagate seeds twice a year,speed up demonstration and popularization.
Barley varieties in Fujian province had been seriously infected by Powdery Mildew,it heav-ily limited the increasement of yield,so the high quality and disease-resistant variety─ “Mushigang3”were used to crossed with”pudamaiyand a new feeding barley variety with good-harvest,high quality and disease-resistant-pudamai 5 have been bred,it made a breakthrough progress in Powdery Mildew resistant breeding.The main experience were showed as follow:to make a correct objetion of selection,give prominence Powdery Mildew resistant and good-har-vest characteristic,open up disease resistant resources in extensive,make scientific crossing de-sign,create profitable condition for disease,select vigorous disease-resistant plant,propagate seeds twice a year,speed up demonstration and popularization.
1996, 11(3): 14-18.
Abstract:
The stabilities of yield and its components of six barbeys varieties(line)breeded in Fujian were determined in two years.The results are as follows,(1)with the imorovement of effective ears,ear grains and 1000-grain weight,the yield of new breeded line increased by 9.2%～16.6%as compared with CK(Pudamai 4),but the performance of these characters in experimental sites was different,and the remarkable interaction was found between the varieties and the experimental sites(2)Minmai 06 showed high and stable yields and its yield components were stable and coordi-nate.Pumai 50 showed some high but unstable yields mainly due to unstable ear number.The yield and its stability of Pumai 93,Minyou 3 and Quan 1418 were better than CK,and their yield cornpo-nents were relatively stable except for the unstable ear grains of Quan 1418.The CK showed un-stable vields and its yield component stability was confused(3)No correlation was found of the mean values of yield and yield components with the parameters of their stabilities(Nand the varia-tion coefficients(c,v)of the characters,but the values of band C.V showed remarhHecorrela-tions.The stability parameters of yield and yield components showed no remarkable correlations.
The stabilities of yield and its components of six barbeys varieties(line)breeded in Fujian were determined in two years.The results are as follows,(1)with the imorovement of effective ears,ear grains and 1000-grain weight,the yield of new breeded line increased by 9.2%～16.6%as compared with CK(Pudamai 4),but the performance of these characters in experimental sites was different,and the remarkable interaction was found between the varieties and the experimental sites(2)Minmai 06 showed high and stable yields and its yield components were stable and coordi-nate.Pumai 50 showed some high but unstable yields mainly due to unstable ear number.The yield and its stability of Pumai 93,Minyou 3 and Quan 1418 were better than CK,and their yield cornpo-nents were relatively stable except for the unstable ear grains of Quan 1418.The CK showed un-stable vields and its yield component stability was confused(3)No correlation was found of the mean values of yield and yield components with the parameters of their stabilities(Nand the varia-tion coefficients(c,v)of the characters,but the values of band C.V showed remarhHecorrela-tions.The stability parameters of yield and yield components showed no remarkable correlations.
1996, 11(3): 19-22.
Abstract:
Giemsa C-banding of the chromosomes of four clones of three sugarcane species,S.spontaneum,S.sinense and S officinarum,were studied in the paper.The results are showed as follows.(1)After the root tip of sugarcane experienced the treating procedure: pretreatment→fixa-tion→enzymatic isolization→smear→maturation in dry air→BSG banding treatment,the Giernsa C-banded chromosome would be induced;and the time of maturing treatment in dry air is the key of success,(2)The two species of S,spontaneum and S.officinarum had low content of heterochro-matin and they were more original species in sugarcane evolution.S.sinense had higher heterochro-matin content and so it is more developed species.The origin of S.sinense was also discussed in the paper.
Giemsa C-banding of the chromosomes of four clones of three sugarcane species,S.spontaneum,S.sinense and S officinarum,were studied in the paper.The results are showed as follows.(1)After the root tip of sugarcane experienced the treating procedure: pretreatment→fixa-tion→enzymatic isolization→smear→maturation in dry air→BSG banding treatment,the Giernsa C-banded chromosome would be induced;and the time of maturing treatment in dry air is the key of success,(2)The two species of S,spontaneum and S.officinarum had low content of heterochro-matin and they were more original species in sugarcane evolution.S.sinense had higher heterochro-matin content and so it is more developed species.The origin of S.sinense was also discussed in the paper.
1996, 11(3): 23-27.
Abstract:
When the seeds were soaked by 20%25% PEG 6000 for 8h at 32t,the germination rate and vigor index of then were obviously increased.Under field condition,the emergence race,the weight and height of the seeding were greatly increased.The speed of taking up water and the leakage were greatly lowered if seeds were treated with PEG.It was suggested that the osmotic treatnient was avail-able for the reestablishing and repairing on the membranes,and thus raise the vigor of vegtahle soybean.
When the seeds were soaked by 20%25% PEG 6000 for 8h at 32t,the germination rate and vigor index of then were obviously increased.Under field condition,the emergence race,the weight and height of the seeding were greatly increased.The speed of taking up water and the leakage were greatly lowered if seeds were treated with PEG.It was suggested that the osmotic treatnient was avail-able for the reestablishing and repairing on the membranes,and thus raise the vigor of vegtahle soybean.
1996, 11(3): 28-32.
Abstract:
The excellent self-imcomapatible line“S-89”was bred from Chinese cabbage cultivar“Xian Dabaotuo”by means of selfing for generations, the excellent self-imcomaptible line“S-75”was bred from cultivar“Mudanjiang No1”by mean of selfing for generations.The combining abili-ty and index of compatibility of these lines were tested and analysed strictly.Finally by crossing“S-89”and“S-75”Medium Maturing No4”was bred and named.This hybrid haxhigh resistance to disease,high productivity and excellent adaptability,better quality and other commercial charac-terlstics.It is with shorter growing perlod.Now it becomes the most medium-maturing and late-maturing Chinese Cabbage cultivated in Fuzhou area. It was spreaded inxeverl areas in south Chi-na.In the National Regional Trial of Medium-rnaturing and Late-maturing Chinese Cabbage held in Fujian in 1994,it was determined to be the best hybrid with high productivity,high resistance to disease and with good quality.It has been approved and qualified by the provincial and Municipal Committee of Cultivar examination and Approval.It was awarded the firstclass scientific and tech- nical progress prize from Fuzhou Governrnent in 1995.
The excellent self-imcomapatible line“S-89”was bred from Chinese cabbage cultivar“Xian Dabaotuo”by means of selfing for generations, the excellent self-imcomaptible line“S-75”was bred from cultivar“Mudanjiang No1”by mean of selfing for generations.The combining abili-ty and index of compatibility of these lines were tested and analysed strictly.Finally by crossing“S-89”and“S-75”Medium Maturing No4”was bred and named.This hybrid haxhigh resistance to disease,high productivity and excellent adaptability,better quality and other commercial charac-terlstics.It is with shorter growing perlod.Now it becomes the most medium-maturing and late-maturing Chinese Cabbage cultivated in Fuzhou area. It was spreaded inxeverl areas in south Chi-na.In the National Regional Trial of Medium-rnaturing and Late-maturing Chinese Cabbage held in Fujian in 1994,it was determined to be the best hybrid with high productivity,high resistance to disease and with good quality.It has been approved and qualified by the provincial and Municipal Committee of Cultivar examination and Approval.It was awarded the firstclass scientific and tech- nical progress prize from Fuzhou Governrnent in 1995.
1996, 11(3): 33-36.
Abstract:
The essay was based on the character of chrysanthemum growth and the standard of im-porting.After thousands of experiments,We′ve got a good result that shows it′s an effect way to improve the quality of cutting chrysanthernum by selecting the best planting time and single plant-ing.The rate of the qualified for importing is changed from 20% to 45% if you strictly depend on all kinds of planting techniques to plant。
The essay was based on the character of chrysanthemum growth and the standard of im-porting.After thousands of experiments,We′ve got a good result that shows it′s an effect way to improve the quality of cutting chrysanthernum by selecting the best planting time and single plant-ing.The rate of the qualified for importing is changed from 20% to 45% if you strictly depend on all kinds of planting techniques to plant。
1996, 11(3): 37-40.
Abstract:
The present paper dealt with the host selection and the functional response of the para-site,Anagyrus dactylopii,to the host,Nipeacoccus vastator.the parasite oviposited only in above second instar of the host.The number of eggs laid by the parasite was more in the third-instar and the adult females than in the second-instar.The functional response of the paradite to the third-in-star host was related to Holling Response II with the parameter of 1.278.The functional response equation was expressed as N=3.401Nt/(1 + 0.905Nt)+1.019.The biological control on the spherical mealybug was discussed in the paper.
The present paper dealt with the host selection and the functional response of the para-site,Anagyrus dactylopii,to the host,Nipeacoccus vastator.the parasite oviposited only in above second instar of the host.The number of eggs laid by the parasite was more in the third-instar and the adult females than in the second-instar.The functional response of the paradite to the third-in-star host was related to Holling Response II with the parameter of 1.278.The functional response equation was expressed as N=3.401Nt/(1 + 0.905Nt)+1.019.The biological control on the spherical mealybug was discussed in the paper.
1996, 11(3): 41-45.
Abstract:
Tobacco bactetial wilt(Pseudomonas solanacearum),a major tobacco disease in Fujian province,general occures from the southen to northen of Fujian during late April and early May.If the climate condition is favorable for it from middle to the end of May,the disease would become greatly prevalent,especially in Spring tobacco,The occurrence and damage of the disease were closely related to cultivars,cropping system,cultivation practics and topography.The experimental results showed that,on tobacco bacterial wilt control,effects of 90%Yishuangqing soluble powder was over 80%superior to sulphurate streptomycin(10 million units).
Tobacco bactetial wilt(Pseudomonas solanacearum),a major tobacco disease in Fujian province,general occures from the southen to northen of Fujian during late April and early May.If the climate condition is favorable for it from middle to the end of May,the disease would become greatly prevalent,especially in Spring tobacco,The occurrence and damage of the disease were closely related to cultivars,cropping system,cultivation practics and topography.The experimental results showed that,on tobacco bacterial wilt control,effects of 90%Yishuangqing soluble powder was over 80%superior to sulphurate streptomycin(10 million units).
1996, 11(3): 46-49.
Abstract:
The mixture of nutrient biocide“Thuringcidfe”and four chemical pesticide respectively was used to control Plutella Xylostella L.The result showed that the indoor 72 hour′s proof con-trol of the four mixture ranged from 83.7%to 100%,and their field proof control ranged from 83.2%to 100%after seven days.They were all better than the normal chemical oesticide and Bt sold in the market,also the latter two mixture had the stronger instant control function;the co-toxicity coefficient were between 17.3%and 44.8%,the controlling effect was increasing as the co-toxicity increased.The plutella xylostella L,showed great escape,the eat refusal rate was be-tween 81.3%and 96.5%.Meanwhile the mixture had different nutrient funtion which could in-crease the height and weight of a plant.
The mixture of nutrient biocide“Thuringcidfe”and four chemical pesticide respectively was used to control Plutella Xylostella L.The result showed that the indoor 72 hour′s proof con-trol of the four mixture ranged from 83.7%to 100%,and their field proof control ranged from 83.2%to 100%after seven days.They were all better than the normal chemical oesticide and Bt sold in the market,also the latter two mixture had the stronger instant control function;the co-toxicity coefficient were between 17.3%and 44.8%,the controlling effect was increasing as the co-toxicity increased.The plutella xylostella L,showed great escape,the eat refusal rate was be-tween 81.3%and 96.5%.Meanwhile the mixture had different nutrient funtion which could in-crease the height and weight of a plant.
1996, 11(3): 50-53.
Abstract:
According to the Banana growth regulation,the need of its nutrient and the soil agro-chemical condit ions in Fujian Province,on organic and mineral mixed fertilizer applied in Banana was exploited and studied.The experimental results showed that under the condition of equal ni-trogen amount,Banana comprehensive character of this fertiliter treatment was superior to those of the control.Its yield increased by 14.0%～31.9%。Banana bunchy top incidence decreased by 7.9%as compared with the control.The differences among treatment were significant.The changes of pH value,organic matter NPK content and microbe population of soil were also investi-galed in the experiment.after the organic and mineral mixed fertilizer treatment.The results showed that this fertilizer had a high and long effectiveness and could increase the fertility of soil.In the past two years,we tried to adapt the development of new product to the need Of mar-ket,the organic and mineral mixed fertilizer was produced more than 300 ton.Its application had gained significant economic efficiency.
According to the Banana growth regulation,the need of its nutrient and the soil agro-chemical condit ions in Fujian Province,on organic and mineral mixed fertilizer applied in Banana was exploited and studied.The experimental results showed that under the condition of equal ni-trogen amount,Banana comprehensive character of this fertiliter treatment was superior to those of the control.Its yield increased by 14.0%～31.9%。Banana bunchy top incidence decreased by 7.9%as compared with the control.The differences among treatment were significant.The changes of pH value,organic matter NPK content and microbe population of soil were also investi-galed in the experiment.after the organic and mineral mixed fertilizer treatment.The results showed that this fertilizer had a high and long effectiveness and could increase the fertility of soil.In the past two years,we tried to adapt the development of new product to the need Of mar-ket,the organic and mineral mixed fertilizer was produced more than 300 ton.Its application had gained significant economic efficiency.
1996, 11(3): 54-59.
Abstract:
In 1992,both mega and micro sporocarps with normal reproductivity have been achieved from interspecific,hybrids crossed by A.micropylla and A.mexicana,The morphology of sexual organgs of parent material as well as their F1 hybrids was analy:ed by optical and scanning elec-tron microscopes,The exoperine and float surface of megasporocary and the glochidial appearance includinig the sepla number in glochdium of microsporocarp massules were compared among them.The result provided an useful basis for the classification of Azolla species and the identification of hybrid progenies.
In 1992,both mega and micro sporocarps with normal reproductivity have been achieved from interspecific,hybrids crossed by A.micropylla and A.mexicana,The morphology of sexual organgs of parent material as well as their F1 hybrids was analy:ed by optical and scanning elec-tron microscopes,The exoperine and float surface of megasporocary and the glochidial appearance includinig the sepla number in glochdium of microsporocarp massules were compared among them.The result provided an useful basis for the classification of Azolla species and the identification of hybrid progenies.
1996, 11(3): 60-63.
Abstract:
The Chromosome preparations were made from myelocvtes of Muscovy duck,white feather egg-laying duck and their F1 hybrid.The metaphase chromosomes in mitotic cells were ana-lyzed.The diploid chromosome number with few exceptions in these ducks was 78.Pair 1 chromo-somes of Muscovy duck were submetacentric,White feather egg-laying duck′s chromosomes were metacentric;Pair 2 chromosomes of Muscovy duck and White feather egg-laying duck were meta-centric;sex chromosornes were zz/zw,Z chromosomes of Muscovy duck were telocentric,White feather egg-laying duck was actocentric,The other chromosomes were telocentriC.The dif-ferent karyotype in pair 1 and Z chromosome of Muscovy duck and Whlte feather egglaying duck was the major reason of infertility in their F1.
The Chromosome preparations were made from myelocvtes of Muscovy duck,white feather egg-laying duck and their F1 hybrid.The metaphase chromosomes in mitotic cells were ana-lyzed.The diploid chromosome number with few exceptions in these ducks was 78.Pair 1 chromo-somes of Muscovy duck were submetacentric,White feather egg-laying duck′s chromosomes were metacentric;Pair 2 chromosomes of Muscovy duck and White feather egg-laying duck were meta-centric;sex chromosornes were zz/zw,Z chromosomes of Muscovy duck were telocentric,White feather egg-laying duck was actocentric,The other chromosomes were telocentriC.The dif-ferent karyotype in pair 1 and Z chromosome of Muscovy duck and Whlte feather egglaying duck was the major reason of infertility in their F1.
