6种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾的防效及对螟黄赤眼蜂的安全性

赵建伟; 赵金凤; 邱良妙; 丁雪玲; 游世奇; 何玉仙; 卢学松

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.08.010

6种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾的防效及对螟黄赤眼蜂的安全性

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.08.010

1.
福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所，福建　福州　350012
2.
福建省长汀县植保植检站，福建　龙岩　366300

基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项（2022R1024002）；福建省农业科院科技创新团队建设项目（CXTD2021027）；福建省农业高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程项目（XTCXGC2021011、 XTCXGC 2021017）；福建省农业科学院科技创新平台专项（CXPT202105）；福建省农业科学院自由探索项目（ZYTS202211）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵建伟（1981 —），男，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事农业昆虫与害虫防治研究，E-mail：58291012@qq.com

通讯作者:
卢学松（1970 —），男，高级农艺师，主要从事病虫害绿色防控研究，E-mail：2374632124@qq.com

中图分类号: S435.132
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-12
- 修回日期: 2023-06-12
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-19
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-28

Control efficiency of six insecticides on the Spodoptera frugiperda and the evaluation of toxicity to Trichogramma chilonis Ishii

1.
Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350012, China
2.
Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Changting County, Longyan, Fujian　366300, China

摘要

摘要: 目的明确6种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的防效及对螟黄赤眼蜂Trichogramma chilonis的安全性。方法分别采用茎叶喷雾法测试甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（甲维盐）、乙基多杀菌素、虫螨腈、氯虫苯甲酰胺、虱螨脲和茚虫威对田间玉米草地贪夜蛾的防治效果，采用浸叶法测定以上6种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的室内毒力，以及试管药膜法研究以上6种杀虫剂对螟黄赤眼蜂的室内毒性。结果 6种供试药剂对草地贪夜蛾的速效性和持效性均较好，药后1 d对草地贪夜蛾的田间防效达78.68%～95.75%；药后3 d对草地贪夜蛾的防效均达90%以上，药后7 d对草地贪夜蛾的防效仍达88.27%～96.3%。甲维盐、虫螨腈、乙基多杀菌素和氯虫苯甲酰胺对螟黄赤眼蜂具有极强的毒力，其50%推荐剂量即可导致螟黄赤眼蜂全部死亡，预示着上述这些杀虫剂的田间应用对螟黄赤眼蜂具有很高的直接杀伤风险；茚虫威和虱螨脲对螟黄赤眼蜂的毒力均较低。结论综上，甲维盐、虫螨腈、乙基多杀菌素和氯虫苯甲酰胺可作为草地贪夜蛾应急防治的首选药剂，茚虫威和虱螨脲可作为草地贪夜蛾综合防控的推荐用药。
- 草地贪夜蛾 /
- 螟黄赤眼蜂 /
- 杀虫剂 /
- 毒力 /
- 田间药效
Abstract: Objective To determine the control efficiency of six insecticides (emamectin benzoate, spinetoram, clorfenapyr, chlorantraniliprole, lufenuron and indoxacarb) on Spodoptera frugiperda and their toxicity to Trichogramma chilonis Ishii. Methods Foliar spray application was used to evaluate the control efficiency of those insecticides on Spodoptera frugiperda in the field, leaf dipping was adopted to examine the toxicity of those insecticides to the second-instar larvae of S. frugiperda in the lab, and residues contact was carried out to test the toxicity of those insecticides to T. chilonis. Results Those tested insecticides had acute and long-lasting toxicity to S. frugiperda. The control efficiency was 78.68%-95.75%, more than 90%, and 88.27%-96.3%, respectively, on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after insecticide application. Emamectin benzoate, spinetoram, clorfenapyr and chlorantraniliprole were highly toxic to T. chilonis, with half of their field recommended dosage causing mortality rates of 100%, implying the application of those insecticides in the field is dangerous to T. chilonis. However, the toxicity of lufenuron and indoxacarb to T. chilonis was low. Conclusion Emamectin benzoate , spinetoram, clorfenapyr and chlorantraniliprole can be used first for emergency control of S. frugiperda. Lufenuron and indoxacarb can also be used in the integrated pest management of S. frugiperda.
- Spodoptera frugiperda /
- Trichogramma chilonis Ishii /
- insecticide /
- toxicity /
- field efficiency

HTML全文

图 1 6种药剂对螟黄赤眼蜂的毒力

图中数据为平均值±标准差，不同字母表示经DMRT法测验在P=0. 05水平上差异显著。A：100%田间推荐剂量；B：50%田间推荐剂量；C：25%田间推荐剂量。

Figure 1. Toxicity of six agents to Trichogramma chilonis Ishii

Data in the figure are mean±SD, different letters indicate significant differences at P=0. 05 (Duncan’s multiple range test). A：100% recommended field dose；B：50% recommended field dose；C：25% recommended field dose.

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表 1 6种药剂对草地贪夜蛾的田间防治效果

Table 1. Field control effect of six insecticides against S furgiperda

供试药剂 Insecticides	剂量 Dosage/(mg·L⁻¹)	药前虫口基数 Insects base of Premedicated	药后1 d 1 d after treatment		药后3 d 3 d after treatment		药后7 d 7 d after treatment
供试药剂 Insecticides	剂量 Dosage/(mg·L⁻¹)	药前虫口基数 Insects base of Premedicated	虫口减退率 Rate of deceleration/%	校正防效 Correction effect/%	虫口减退率 Rate of deceleration/%	校正防效 Correction effect/%	虫口减退率 Rate of deceleration/%	校正防效 Correction effect/%
氯虫苯甲酰胺 Chlorantraniliprole	50.00	70.33	78.68	79.59±4.57	94.21	93.90±3.88	90.92	90.99±3.44
茚虫威 Indoxacarb	37.50	53.67	92.60	92.39±4.45	96.30	96.20±2.23	88.66	88.27±7.02
甲维盐 Emamectin benzoate	3.67	60.67	95.75	95.84±2.66	96.70	96.71±1.30	92.3	92.97±0.52
虫螨腈 Clorfenapyr	83.33	56.33	95.23	95.06±2.81	97.58	97.32±2.31	93.52	93.75±1.57
虱螨脲 Lufenuron	33.33	52.33	79.49	82.52±8.34	91.84	92.93±2.58	88.88	89.62±0.98
乙基多杀菌素 Spinetoram	30.00	49.33	93.99	94.14±2.33	97.30	97.07±2.28	96.49	96.3±3.21
表中校正防效的数据为平均值±标准差。 Data for correcting and preventing effectiveness in the table are mean±SD.

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表 2 6种药剂对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的毒力

Table 2. Toxicity of 6 insecticides on 2rd inster larvae of S. furgiperda

药剂 Insecticides	回归方程 Regression equation	LC₅₀(95%FL)/ (mg·L⁻¹)	卡方值 χ²value	自由度 df
氯虫苯甲酰胺 Chlorantraniliprole	y=−0.853+1.579x	3.467 (2.537～5.117) b	2.410	4
茚虫威 Indoxacarb	y=−2.568+1.538x	46.762 (31.405～90.752) a	2.234	4
甲维盐 Emamectin benzoate	y=2.170+2.299x	0.114 (0.088～0.157) c	1.993	4
虫螨腈 Clorfenapyr	y=−0.409+1.050x	2.452 (0.612～4.797) b	0.074	4
虱螨脲 Lufenuron	y=−0.922+1.619x	3.712 (2.664～5.243) b	1.169	4
乙基多杀菌素 Spinetoram	y=1.533+1.941x	0.158 (0.117～0.209) c	2.535	4
同列数据后不同的小写字母表示 0.05 水平上差异显著。 Those with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant difference at 0.05 level.

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