添加生物炭对连作黄瓜生长及营养吸收的影响

黄馨怡; 陆建增; 周丽颜; 吴凤芝; 高丹美

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.06.009

添加生物炭对连作黄瓜生长及营养吸收的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.06.009

东北农业大学园艺园林学院，黑龙江　哈尔滨 150030

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年项目（32102464）；黑龙江省自然科学基金（LH2020C013）；中国博士后科学基金面上项目（2022MD713726）；黑龙江省博士后基金面上项目（LBH-Z22004）

详细信息

作者简介:
黄馨怡（2000 —），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：设施园艺与蔬菜生理生态（E-mail：3289017224@qq.com）

通讯作者:
高丹美（1989 —），女，副教授，研究方向：设施园艺与蔬菜生理生态（E-mail：dmgao2019@neau.edu.cn）

中图分类号: S642.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-01-28
- 修回日期: 2023-05-04
- 网络出版日期: 2023-06-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-28

Effects of Biochar Addition in Soil on Growth and Nutrient-uptake of Monocropped Cucumber Plants

College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang　150030, China

摘要

摘要: 目的添加生物炭在改善土壤结构、提高土壤肥力，促进微生物活性和功能等方面发挥作用，并在消减作物连作障碍中起正向调控作用，但最大程度消减连作土壤障碍的最适生物炭添加量还不清楚。因此，本试验探究添加不同比例生物炭对黄瓜生长及营养吸收的作用，以期明确适宜生物炭添加量，为消减黄瓜连作障碍及设施农业健康发展提供新思路。方法以黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）为试验材料，通过盆栽试验，添加质量分数分别为0.5%、1%、2%、3%的生物炭，并以不添加生物炭处理为对照，研究添加不同量生物炭对黄瓜生长及营养吸收的影响。结果随着生物炭施加量的增加黄瓜幼苗干鲜重呈先增加后降低的趋势，其中添加1%生物炭处理的黄瓜幼苗干鲜重最高。同时，随着生物炭施加量的增加黄瓜幼苗植株氮、磷、钾质量浓度和含量也呈现出先增加后降低的趋势，添加1%生物炭处理的黄瓜幼苗植株氮、磷、钾质量浓度最高，均显著高于对照处理（P＜0.05）。随着生物炭施加量的增加，黄瓜连作土壤pH以及土壤有机碳含量呈现上升趋势，与对照相比，添加2%生物炭显著提高了土壤速效钾的含量（P＜0.05），添加2%、3%生物炭处理显著提高了土壤有效磷的含量（P＜0.05），添加1%生物炭处理显著提高了土壤碱解氮的含量（P＜0.05）。结论添加适宜量的生物炭在促进黄瓜生长方面发挥了重要作用，在连作土壤中添加质量分数为1%的生物炭，对黄瓜生长的促进作用最大，而添加生物炭含量过高时会抑制黄瓜的生长。
- 生物炭 /
- 黄瓜 /
- 生长 /
- 土壤养分 /
- 植株营养
Abstract: Objective Effects of adding biochar in soil on the growth and nutrient-uptake of continuous monocropped cucumber plants were studied. Methods A pot experiment was performed on cucumber seedlings grown in soil without (CK) or with various concentrations of biochar at 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Growth and nutrients absorption by the plants were monitored to determine the effects and optimal application of the soil conditioner. Results The fresh and dry weights as well as the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents of the cucumber seedlings increased significantly as the amount of added biochar increased but declined at higher levels of the addition. With 1% added biochar in soil, the biomass and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the plants peaked. The pH and organic carbons in soil underwent an upward trend with increasing biochar. Compared to CK, adding 2% biochar to the potting soil significantly improved the contents of available potassium, 2% and 3% significantly elevated that of available phosphorus, and 1% significantly rose that of alkali hydrolysis nitrogen. Conclusion As commonly known, presence of biochar can improve the structure, fertility, and microbial activity in soil. In this study, it was found that an addition of the soil conditioner at 1% level achieved not only the desirable effects on the soil but also on the growth of continuous monocropped cucumber plants.
- Biochar /
- cucumber /
- plant growth /
- soil nutrients /
- plant nutrient uptake

HTML全文

图 1 添加生物炭对黄瓜幼苗鲜重和干重的影响

Figure 1. Effect of biochar addition on fresh and dry weights of cucumber seedlings

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 添加生物炭对黄瓜幼苗植株营养积累的影响

Figure 2. Effect of biochar addition on nutrient uptake by cucumber seedlings

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 添加生物炭对土壤pH、EC值的影响

Figure 3. Effects of biochar addition on soil pH and EC

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 添加生物炭对黄瓜幼苗土壤速效养分含量的影响

Figure 4. Effects of biochar addition on available nutrient contents in potting soil

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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