超级稻及其再生稻镉累积特性及安全风险分析

时鹏涛; 蒋越华; 林鹰; 李鸿; 吴凤; 王运儒; 张莉娟; 蓝唯; 秦玉燕

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.04.011

超级稻及其再生稻镉累积特性及安全风险分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.04.011

广西农业科学院广西亚热带作物研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室（南宁）/农业农村部亚热带果品蔬菜质量安全控制重点实验室，广西　南宁　530001

基金项目: 广西青年科学基金项目（2020GXNSFBA297084）

详细信息

作者简介:
时鹏涛（1987−），男，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向：农产品质量安全及风险评估（E-mail：307979494@qq.com）

通讯作者:
秦玉燕（1987−），女，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向：农产品质量安全及风险评估（E-mail：956346090@qq.com）

中图分类号: X173
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-16
- 录用日期: 2022-10-16
- 修回日期: 2023-03-06
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-14
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-28

Cadmium Accumulation and Food Safety of First Crop and Ratoon Rice

Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agricultural Product (Nanning), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanning, Guangxi　530001, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究超级稻湘两优900及其再生稻镉累积特性，探明再生稻镉安全风险。方法以超级稻湘两优900为研究对象，在温室大棚中进行镉（Cd）添加试验，设置0（CK）、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.2和1.5 mg·kg⁻¹ 等6个镉质量浓度处理，研究头季和再生稻根、茎、叶、稻米中Cd含量和累积规律，并进行安全风险评价。结果头季和再生稻各器官Cd含量随镉浓度的增加而增加，各器官Cd含量依次为：根＞叶＞茎＞稻米；相同处理下，再生稻各器官Cd含量均低于头季。头季根系Cd含量为0.2317～0.9581 mg·kg⁻¹，再生稻为0.2128～0.7802 mg·kg⁻¹，较头季低5.1%～20.5%，平均降幅15.2%；头季稻茎Cd含量为0.0212～0.0846 mg·kg⁻¹，再生稻为0.0189～0.0621 mg·kg⁻¹，较头季稻Cd含量降低10.8%～42.6%，平均降幅29.7%；头季稻叶片Cd含量为0.0273～0.1157 mg·kg⁻¹，再生稻叶片Cd含量为0.0245～0.0689 mg·kg⁻¹，较头季降低10.3%～65.6%，平均降幅45.5%；头季稻米Cd含量为0.0172～0.0516 mg·kg⁻¹，再生稻米Cd含量为0.0150～0.0312 mg·kg⁻¹，较头季稻米Cd含量降低12.8%～53.1%，平均降低幅度33.2%，除CK外，相同Cd浓度下，头季与再生稻稻米镉含量差异显著（P＜0.05）。Cd在水稻各器官中富集能力大小依次为：根＞叶＞茎＞稻米。再生稻各器官风险系数均小于1。结论再生稻各器官中Cd含量均低于头季稻，头季留桩保留的具有生物活性的根、茎没有对再生稻产生镉迁移风险，以超级稻湘两优900进行再生稻生产时，再生稻镉安全风险低于头季，是一种较常规双季种植更为安全的水稻生产方式。
- 再生稻 /
- 超级稻 /
- 镉累积量 /
- 风险评估 /
- 镉污染
Abstract: Objective Accumulation and food safety of cadmium in first crop and ratoon rice were studied. Method In a greenhouse experiment, plants of Xiangliangyou 900 , touted as the “Super Rice”, were grown in pots with artificially added Cd in the soil at a rate of 0 (CK), 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, or 1.5 mg·kg⁻¹. Cd contents in the roots, stems, leaves, and grains of the first and ratoon crops of the rice were determined, cumulation pattern analyzed, and risk of safety for consumption assessed. Result Cd in various organs of the rice plants of both first and ratoon crops increased with increasing Cd in soil in the order of roots＞leaves＞stems＞grains. In the ratoon season, the plants contained less Cd than in the first season. The roots of the first crop plants contained Cd in the range of 0.2317–0.9581 mg·kg⁻¹, which was 5.1%–20.5% and averaging 15.2% higher than the ratoon counterparts of 0.2128–0.7802 mg·kg⁻¹. The stems of the first crop plants had Cd in the range of 0.0212–0.0846 mg·kg⁻¹, which was 10.8%–42.6% and averaging 29.7% higher than the ratoon counterparts of 0.0189–0.0621 mg·kg⁻¹. In the leaves, the first crop plants showed Cd in the range of 0.0273–0.1157 mg·kg⁻¹, which was 10.3%–65.6% averaging 45.5% higher than the ratoon plants of 0.0245–0.0689 mg·kg⁻¹. And in the grains, the Cd content of the first crop rice was in the range of 0.0172–0.0516 mg·kg⁻¹, which was 12.8%–53.1% averaging 33.2% higher than 0.0150–0.0312 mg·kg⁻¹ of the ratoon plants. Other than CK, at a same level of Cd in the pot soil, significant differences on Cd contents between the two different crops of same rice plants were observed (P＜0.05). The capacity of accumulating Cd ranked by different organs was roots＞leaves＞stems＞grains. The heavy metal risk coefficients for individual organs of the ratoon rice were all less than 1. Conclusion Cd in various organs were less in the ratoon than the first crop rice. After harvest of first crop, the regenerated roots and stems on a ratoon rice plant did not inherit or transfer the Cd. Consequently, consumption of ratoon Xiangliangyou 900 rice would mean a reduced food safety risk for the consumers.
- Ratoon rice /
- super rice /
- cadmium accumulation /
- risk assessment /
- cadmium pollution

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图 1 不同镉添加量处理头季稻和再生稻根系镉含量

不同小写字母表示头季和再生稻不同镉添加量处理之间差异显著（P＜0.05），图2~4同。

Figure 1. Cd in roots of first crop and ratoon rice plants under Cd treatments

Data with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in first and ratoon seasons under Cd treatments (P＜0.05). Same for Figs.2–4.

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图 2 不同镉添加量处理头季稻和再生稻叶片镉含量

Figure 2. Cd in leaves of first crop and ratoon rice plants under Cd treatments

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图 3 不同镉添加量处理头季稻和再生稻茎镉含量

Figure 3. Cd in stems of first crop and ratoon rice plants under Cd treatments

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图 4 不同镉添加量处理头季和再生稻稻米镉含量

Figure 4. Cd in grains of first crop and ratoon rice plants under Cd treatments

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表 1 不同镉添加量处理下头季稻各器官富集系数

Table 1. Bioaccumulation coefficients of organs of first crop rice plants under Cd treatments

Cd处理 Cd treatment/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	根系 Roots	叶 Leaves	茎 Stems	稻米 Rice
0.0	1.053±0.181a	0.124±0.006b	0.096±0.002b	0.078±0.012b
0.2	0.716±0.167a	0.109±0.001b	0.082±0.003b	0.065±0.004b
0.4	0.711±0.147a	0.087±0.010b	0.062±0.006b	0.054±0.002b
0.8	0.709±0.109a	0.078±0.011b	0.062±0.002b	0.039±0.003b
1.2	0.572±0.052a	0.069±0.006b	0.052±0.004b	0.034±0.002b
1.5	0.557±0.113a	0.067±0.011b	0.049±0.002b	0.030±0.002b
同行数据后不同小写字母表示不同镉添加量处理下各器官间差异显著（P＜0.05）。 Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences among organs under Cd treatments (P＜0.05).

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表 2 不同镉添加量处理下各器官风险系数

Table 2. Risk coefficients of organs of first crop and ratoon rice plants under Cd treatments

Cd处理 Cd treatment/(mg·kg⁻¹)	根系 Roots	叶 Leaves	茎 Stems	稻米 Rice
0.0	0.918	0.897	0.892	0.872
0.2	0.795	0.550	0.571	0.674
0.4	0.949	0.488	0.736	0.622
0.8	0.798	0.395	0.674	0.790
1.2	0.811	0.344	0.609	0.582
1.5	0.814	0.596	0.734	0.469

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