不同品系及生长时间金线莲活性成分及挥发性物质比较分析

何辉; 柳洪入; 乔勇进; 张怡; 王春芳; 陈冰洁; 刘晨霞; 王晓; 邬松恒

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.03.003

不同品系及生长时间金线莲活性成分及挥发性物质比较分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.03.003

何辉^1,,
柳洪入^{1, 2},
乔勇进^{1, 2, ,},
张怡^{1, 2},
王春芳^{1, 2},
陈冰洁^{1, 2},
刘晨霞^{1, 2},
王晓^{1, 2},
邬松恒^{1, 2}

1.
上海市农业科学院农产品保鲜加工研究中心，上海　201406
2.
上海农产品保鲜加工工程技术研究中心，上海　201403

基金项目: 上海市农业农村委员会项目（2020-02-08-00-15-F01455）；上海市科学技术委员会项目（21DZ2292200、19DZ225160）

详细信息

作者简介:
何辉（1997−），男，硕士研究生，研究方向：农产品保鲜与加工（E-mail：hh18536060094@163.com）

通讯作者:
乔勇进（1967−），男，博士，研究员，研究方向：农产品保鲜与加工（E-mail：yjqiao2002@126.com）

中图分类号: S567；R282.4
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- 文章访问数: 531
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-27
- 修回日期: 2023-02-24
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-28

Active Ingredients and Volatiles in Anoectochilus roxburghii Strains at Various Growth Stages

HE Hui^1
,,
LIU Hongru^{1, 2},
QIAO Yongjin^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHANG Yi^{1, 2},
WANG Chunfang^{1, 2},
CHEN Bingjie^{1, 2},
LIU Chenxia^{1, 2},
WANG Xiao^{1, 2},
WU Songheng^{1, 2}

1.
Research Center of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201406, China
2.
Agri-food Storage and Processing Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shanghai　201403, China

摘要

摘要: 目的比较2个不同品系及不同生长时间金线莲主要活性成分和挥发性物质含量变化，为金线莲鉴别、筛选及评价提供理论依据。方法以福建小叶栽培品系土豪金以及大叶栽培品系大元宝为材料，分析评价不同生长时间金线莲中的挥发性物质并测定主要活性成分。结果总酚含量以种植18个月大元宝最高（265.07 mg·kg⁻¹），总黄酮和可溶性糖均以种植12个月土豪金最高（32.68 mg·g⁻¹、27.71 mg·kg⁻¹），可溶性蛋白则以种植18个月的土豪金最高（600.62 mg·g⁻¹）。通过SPME-GC-MS共检测到6种醇、8种醛、4种酮及2-戊基呋喃，其总量以种植24个月的大元宝最高，而组织培养6个月的土豪金和大元宝挥发性物质含量为栽培苗峰值的22.9%与16.7%。此外，通过气味活性值（Odor activity value，OAV）和主成分分析（Principal component analysis，PCA）发现，（反）-2-己烯醛、辛醛、壬醛是土豪金关键挥发性物质，1-辛烯-3-醇、芳樟醇和β-紫罗兰酮是大元宝关键挥发性物质。 PCA和偏最小二乘法判别分析（Partial least squares discriminant analysis，PLS-DA）表明，通过挥发性物质可以较好地区分不同品系及生长时间金线莲。结论不同品系及不同生长时间金线莲活性成分和挥发性物质差异显著，利用其活性成分和挥发性物质可区分不同品系及不同生长时间金线莲，这为建立适宜的质量控制体系鉴别金线莲以及筛选优质加工品种提供了依据。
- 金线莲 /
- 生长时间 /
- 活性成分 /
- 挥发性物质
Abstract: Objective Contents of active ingredients and volatiles in Anoectochilus roxburghii of different strains at different growth stages were determined. Method SPME-GC-MS analysis was conducted to determine the chemical compositions in Fujian small-leaf Tuhaojin and large-leaf Dayuanbao A. roxburghii. Result The highest total polyphenols of 265.07 mg·kg⁻¹ was found in Dayuanbao 18 months after planting, so were the total flavonoids of 32.68 mg·g⁻¹ and soluble sugars of 27.71 mg·kg⁻¹ in 12-month-old and soluble protein of 600.62 mg·g⁻¹ in 18-month-old Dayunbao plants. There were 6 alcohols, 8 aldehydes, and 4 ketones and 2-pentyl-furan identified with the greatest total amount in Dayunabao grown for 24 months. The volatile content of the 6-month-old tissue culture in Tuhaojin was merely 22.9% of the peak value in the respective cultivated seedlings, and in Dayuanbao, 16.7%. The odor activity value (OAV) and principal component analysis (PCA) concluded that (E)-2-hexenal, octanal, and nonanal were the major aromatic compounds in Tuhaojin, while 1-octen-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol, and β-ionone in Dayuanbao. The PCA and PLS-DA indicated that these volatiles could adequately distinguish A. roxburghii of different strains harvested at different times. Conclusion Active ingredients and volatiles in A. roxburghii significantly varied by the strains and growth stages. It was plausible that a chemical analysis could suffice for quality control and authentication purpose on the products in commerce.
- Anoectochilus roxburghi /
- growth stages /
- active ingredients /
- volatile compounds

HTML全文

图 1 不同生长时间不同品系金线莲总酚（A）和总黄酮（B）含量变化

不同大写字母表示同一品系不同生长时间之间差异显著（P＜0.05），不同小写字母表示同一生长时间不同品系之间差异显著（P＜0.05），下图同。

Figure 1. Total phenols (A) and flavonoids (B) in different strains and harvest times

Data with different uppercase letters indicate significant differences of the same strain at different harvest times (P＜0.05); those with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different strains at the same growth stage (P＜0.05). Same for following Figs.

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图 2 不同生长时间不同品系金线莲可溶性糖（A）和可溶性蛋白（B）含量变化

Figure 2. Soluble sugars (A) and soluble protein (B) in different strains and harvest times

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图 3 不同品系及生长时间金线莲总挥发性物质（A）、醇类（B）、醛类（C）和酮类（D）含量变化

Figure 3. Total volatiles (A), alcohols (B), aldehydes (C), and ketones (D) in different strains and harvest times

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图 4 不同生长时间不同品系主要活性成分和挥发性物质PCA（左）和PLS-DA（右）分析

A1~A3：大元宝12~24个月样品，A4：大元宝组培苗，B1~B3：土豪金12~24个月，B4：土豪金组培苗。

Figure 4. PCA and PLS-DA on main active ingredients and volatiles in different strains and harvest times

A1–A3: 12–24-month-old Dayuanbao; A4: Dayuanbao tissue culture; B1–B3: 12–24-month-old Tuhaojin; B4: Tuhaojin tissue culture.

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图 5 不同生长时间不同品系挥发性物质含量

Figure 5. Content of volatiles in different strains and harvest times

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表 1 不同品系及采集时间挥发性物质OAV值

Table 1. OAV of volatiles in different strains and harvest times

	挥发性物质 Volatile substances	水中的阈值 The threshold in water/（μg·kg⁻¹）	品系 Strain	不同生长采集时间OAV值 OAV values at different growth times
	挥发性物质 Volatile substances	水中的阈值 The threshold in water/（μg·kg⁻¹）	品系 Strain	12个月 12 months	18个月 18 months	24个月 24 months	组培苗 Tissue culture
醇类 Alcohols	正己醇 1-Hexanol	5.6	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	0.95	2.20	0.52	2.11
	正己醇 1-Hexanol	5.6	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	0.94	0.97	1.68	2.31
	1-辛烯-3-醇 1-Octen-3-ol	7	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	9.16	47.33	31.03	1.92
	1-辛烯-3-醇 1-Octen-3-ol	7	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	18.18	65.48	541.24	2.49
	芳樟醇 Linalool	0.22	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	—	8.50	—	—
	芳樟醇 Linalool	0.22	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	14.13	17.81	23.86	—
醛类 Aldehydes	正己醛 Hexanal	200	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	0.58	4.17	3.53	1.48
	正己醛 Hexanal	200	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	1.14	1.12	2.30	1.30
	庚醛 Heptanal	10	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	1.57	1.28	2.23	2.00
	庚醛 Heptanal	10	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	1.54	1.63	2.11	1.60
	（反）-2-己烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal	82	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	0.29	2.11	8.95	0.77
	（反）-2-己烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal	82	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	0.68	0.56	2.00	0.95
	辛醛 Octanal	0.1	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	380.10	278.00	980.40	193.70
	辛醛 Octanal	0.1	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	295.00	278.40	599.80	295.30
	（反）-2-庚烯醛 (E)-2-Heptenal,	10	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	0.95	1.34	1.53	1.43
	（反）-2-庚烯醛 (E)-2-Heptenal,	10	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	1.20	1.52	2.15	2.08
	壬醛 Nonanal	3.5	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	33.37	31.47	67.67	15.26
	壬醛 Nonanal	3.5	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	39.47	37.52	74.18	41.06
	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	3	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	0.87	1.44	7.60	—
	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	3	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	—	1.32	3.47	19.33
	（反）2-壬烯醛 (E)-2-Nonenal	0.07	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	175.57	128.28	179.14	103.57
	（反）2-壬烯醛 (E)-2-Nonenal	0.07	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	179.00	280.71	501.28	260.71
酮类 Ketones	β-紫罗兰酮 β-Ionone	0.007	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	—	485.71	454.28	460.00
酮类 Ketones	β-紫罗兰酮 β-Ionone	0.007	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	1581.42	1927.14	1221.42	1074.28
其他 Others	2-戊基呋喃 2-pentyl-Furan	4.8	土豪金 Tu Hao Jin	1.00	3.36	4.30	1.29
其他 Others	2-戊基呋喃 2-pentyl-Furan	4.8	大元宝 Da Yuan Bao	3.38	3.91	5.79	4.44
—：代表未检测到。 —：indicates no detection.

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