不同菌草基质栽培灵芝多指标质量评价

林冬梅; 罗虹建; 林树钱; 王赛贞; 林占熺; 王联福; 林辉

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.012.009

不同菌草基质栽培灵芝多指标质量评价

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.012.009

福建农林大学国家菌草工程技术研究中心，福建　福州　350002

基金项目: 中央引导地方科技发展专项（2021L3008）；福建省科技重大专项（2021NZ0101）；福建农林大学学科交叉融合推动菌草科学及产业高质量发展项目（XKJC71202103A）

详细信息

作者简介:
林冬梅（1975−），女，博士，研究方向：食药用菌活性成分及质量控制（E-mail：Lindm_juncao@163.com）

通讯作者:
林占熺（1943−），男，教授，研究方向：菌草研究、推广及应用（E-mail：lzxjuncao@163.com ）

中图分类号: R 284
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-15
- 修回日期: 2022-10-18
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-05
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-28

Multifactor Quality Evaluation of Ganoderma lucidum Cultivated using Different JUNCAO Substrates

National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China

摘要

摘要: 目的以水溶性浸出物、灵芝多糖肽、灵芝酸、灵芝甾醇、单糖组成和分子量特征图谱为指标综合评价不同菌草基质栽培灵芝的品质。方法采用HPLC法测定多糖肽、灵芝酸、甾醇含量和单糖组成，运用统计学方法比较不同基质栽培灵芝的差异及其相关性。结果不同栽培基质的水溶性浸出物含量为14.21%～17.35%，灵芝多糖肽含量为3.80%～6.63%，灵芝酸总量为0.24%～0.53%，甾醇含量为31.43～69.16 μg·g⁻¹；主成分分析筛选出2个主成分，累计方差贡献率84.63%；相关性分析显示浸出物与活性成分呈正相关；单糖组成主要是葡萄糖和少量甘露糖；分子量特征图谱标定了6个共有峰，组间相似度大于0.98。结论不同基质栽培灵芝的活性物质含量存在显著差异，其中灵芝多糖肽和灵芝酸可作为灵芝质量评价重要指标；类芦、芦竹和五节芒栽培灵芝富含活性成分，这为科学利用菌草栽培灵芝提供参考。
- 菌草基质 /
- 质量评价 /
- 灵芝多糖肽 /
- 灵芝酸 /
- 甾醇 /
- 单糖组成 /
- 分子量特征图谱
Abstract: Objective To comprehensively evaluate the quality of Ganoderma lucidum(G. lucidum) cultivated in different JUNCAO substrates by using water-soluble extract, polysaccharide peptides, ganoderic acids, sterols, monosaccharides and molecular weight map as indicators. Method Contents of polysaccharide peptides, ganoderic acids, sterols, and monosaccharides in the water-soluble extract of G. lucidum cultivated in different substrates using JUNCAO as ingredients were determined by HPLC. Differences and correlations among the evaluation criteria were statistically analyzed, and a molecular weight map of the active substances constructed. Result The content of water-soluble extract of various G. lucidum samples ranged 14.21%–17.35%, that of polysaccharide peptides 3.80%–6.63%, that of total ganoderic acids 0.24%–0.53%, and that of sterols 31.43–69.16 μg·g⁻¹. The contents of water extract and the active substances were positively correlated. Among these substances, two principal components contributed 84.63% cumulative variance. The monosaccharides in G. lucidum were mainly glucose, aside from a small amount of mannose. There were 6 common peaks in the molecular weight fingerprint that showed a similarity between groups greater than 0.98. Conclusion There were significant differences in the content of active substances in G. lucidum cultivated with different substrates, and polysaccharide peptide and ganoderic acids could be used as important indicators for quality evaluation. G lucidum cultivated with Neyraudia reynaudiana, Arundo donax and Miscanthus floridulus is rich in active ingredients, which provides reference for the scientific cultivation of G. lucidum of JUNCAO for .
- JUNCAO cultivation substrate /
- quality evaluation /
- ganoderic acids /
- Ganoderma lucidum /
- sterol /
- monosaccharides /
- molecular weight map

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图 1 不同基质栽培灵芝水溶性浸出物含量

不同小写字母表示不同基质之间差异显著（P＜0.05），下同。

Figure 1. Water extracts of G. lucidum cultivated in substrates of different JUNCAO and sawdust

Data with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences of different substrates(P＜0.05). Same for below.

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图 2 不同基质栽培灵芝子实体多糖肽、灵芝酸、甾醇和单糖含量

Figure 2. Polysaccharide peptides，ganoderic acids，sterols, and monosaccharides in G. lucidum fruiting bodies

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 灵芝活性物质含量的相关性分析

Figure 3. Correlations among G. lucidum active substances

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图 4 不同基质栽培灵芝子实体分子量指纹图谱和对照图谱（R）

Figure 4. Molecular weight fingerprints of G. lucidum fruit bodies cultivated on JUNCAO substrates and reference (R)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 回归方程及相关系数

Table 1. Regression equation and correlation coefficient

灵芝酸 Ganoderic acids	回归方程 Regression equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	线性范围 Linearity range/(μg·mL⁻¹)
灵芝酸C₂ Ganoderic acid C₂	Y=8.73×10⁶X+1.44×10⁴	0.999 9	0.084~0.420
灵芝酸B Ganoderic acid B	Y=8.73×10⁶X+4.30×10³	0.999 3	0.092~0.462
灵芝酸A Ganoderic acid A	Y=8.02×10⁶X+1.72×10⁴	0.999 8	0.088~0.440
灵芝烯酸D Ganoderenic acid D	Y=1.84×10⁷X+3.49×10⁴	0.999 8	0.110~0.548
灵芝酸C₁ Ganoderic acid C₁	Y=8.28×10⁶X+5.20×10³	0.999 8	0.135-0.676

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