大豆不同部位处理对茶园土壤细菌和真菌群落的影响

高水练; 朱悦蕊; 何鹏; 佐明兴; 韦雅芳; 陈倩洁; 胡雲飞

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.010.015

大豆不同部位处理对茶园土壤细菌和真菌群落的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.010.015

高水练^1,,
朱悦蕊²,
何鹏¹,
佐明兴²,
韦雅芳¹,
陈倩洁¹,
胡雲飞^{1, 2, ,}

1.
福建农林大学安溪茶学院，福建　福州　350002
2.
福建农林大学园艺学院，福建　福州　350002

基金项目: 福建省自然科学基金项目（2019J01664）；安溪县茶园土壤配方施肥与生态改良项目（KH210209A）；海南省五指山市生态科技特派员项目（CZ2020068）；教育部产学合作协同育人项目（202102377005）

详细信息

作者简介:
高水练（1979−），男，博士，副教授，研究方向：茶树营养与生理生态（E-mail：gaoshuilian@126.com）

通讯作者:
胡雲飞（1987−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：茶树栽培生理与生态研究（E-mail： huyunfei@fafu.edu.cn）

中图分类号: S 571.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-14
- 修回日期: 2022-06-29
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-10-30

Soil Microbial Community Affected by Treatments on Soybean Plants Grown at Tea Plantations

1.
Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探明大豆不同部位处理对茶树土壤细菌和真菌的群落结构及多样性的影响。方法采用MiSeq高通量测序方法，分析USB（种植大豆，移除大豆地上部枝叶、只保留根系于土壤中）、ASB（未种植大豆，将USB处理的大豆地上部割下覆盖到土壤表面）、WSB（种植大豆，保留大豆根系并将大豆上部割下就地覆盖土壤表面）3种处理方式对茶树根际土壤细菌和真菌群落多样性、组间差异性和相关性。结果相对CK组，ASB、USB和WSB三组茶园土壤细菌的OTU数量、ACE指数和Chao1指数显著提高(P＜0.05)；ASB和WSB组中真菌的OTU数量显著提高，3组真菌的ACE指数显著提高。Bray聚类和三元相位图表明，3组处理组土壤细菌和真菌的群落结构相似性高；优势细菌为鞘鞍醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas,7.53%)，与Bryobacter菌属互为正相关性；而相对于CK，真菌群落相对丰度产生明显的差异，其中优势菌种阿尼菌属 (Arnium, 7.21%)只存在于3个处理组，并与青霉菌属(Penicillium)呈现出负相关性；Condenascus的相对丰度也明显提高。结论大豆不同部位处理提高了茶园土壤微生物群落多样性、增加有益微生物种类，其中WSB组中有益的微生物富集作用更为显著。
- 大豆 /
- 茶园土壤 /
- 群落结构 /
- 多样性 /
- 组间差异性
Abstract: Objective Effects of different treatments of soybean plants on the microbial community in tea plantation soil were studied. Method MiSeq high-throughput sequencing method was employed to analyze the differentiations on the microbial structure and diversity in rhizosphere soils at tea plantations with or without soybeans plants grown on the land and the use of cut plant parts. The treatments applied for the study were USB (removing aboveground parts of planted soybean plants), ASB (ground-mulching with cut plant parts from USB treatment), and WSB (covering soybean growing ground with cut aboveground plant parts). Result The rhizosphere soil of the treatment fields had significantly higher OTU, ACE index, and Chao1 index than that of no-treatment CK (P＜0.05). ASB or WSB significantly increased the fungal OTU, while all 3 treatments significantly raised the fungal ACE index. The Bray clustering and ternary phase plots on the 3 treatments showed a similarity on soil bacterial and fungal structures that had Sphingomonas being the dominant bacteria at 7.53% and positively correlated with Bryobacter. The relative abundance of the fungal communities, on the other hand, significantly differed from that of CK as the dominant species Arnium at 7.21% found only in the treatment soils which was negatively correlated with Penicillium. In addition, the abundance of Condenascus increased significantly. Conclusion The various treatments on the soybean plants at the tea plantations altered the soil microbial community. They increased the diversity and abundance of microbes, especially, WSB significantly enriched the microbial population in in the rhizosphere soil.
- Soybean /
- tea plantation soil /
- community microbial structure /
- diversity /
- intergroup variability

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图 1 基于Bray Curtis算法的处理组聚类分析

A、C：组间的细菌聚类；B、D: 组间的真菌聚类

Figure 1. Cluster analysis by Bray Curtis distance of 4 soil samples

A、C: bacterial clustering between groups; B、D: fungal clustering between groups.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同处理后对茶园土壤微生物的群落分布

A、B：组间的细菌群落结构；C、D: 组间的真菌群落结构

Figure 2. Community microbial distribution in tea plantation soil with different treatments on soybean plants

A、B :community bacterial structures of groups; C、D:community fungal structures of groups.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 3个不同处理的OTU和门水平微生物分布的三元图

①A：组间的细菌菌种差异；B: 组间的真菌菌种差异；②三角形的3个角分别代表3个样品，3个样品分别用3个颜色表示，三条边用于度量相应颜色的样品的物种丰度，三角图中的圆圈代表某一门水平下包含的所有种水平的物种分类，圆圈大小代表物种的平均相对丰度。

Figure 3. Ternary plot of OTU and phylum-level microbial distribution in soils under treatments

①A: different bacterial strains among groups; B: different fungal strains among groups; ②3 corners in a triangle represent 3 different samples in different colors, and 3 sides signify species abundance in samples of corresponding color. Circle inside a triangle represents species classification of all species at a specified level, and size of circle signifies average relative abundance of species.

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图 4 不同处理后对微生物的属水平相关性分析

A：细菌属水平相关性；B: 真菌属水平相关性；圆圈代表物种，圆圈大小代表物种平均丰度大小；线条代表两物种间相关，线的粗细代表相关性的强弱；线的颜色：橙色代表正相关，绿色代表负相关。

Figure 4. Correlation among microbes in soil at genus level after treatments.

A: among bacteria; B: among fungi；Circle represents species and its size average abundance; line, correlation between two species and its thickness strength of correlation; orange-colored line, positive correlation; and green-colored line, negative correlation.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同处理后茶园土壤微生物Alpha多样性指数

Table 1. Indices of alpha microbial diversities of tea plantation soils with different treatments on soybean plants

类别 Category	处理 Treatment	OTU数量 OTU counts	ACE指数 ACE index	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	辛普森多样性指数 Simpson index	香农多样性指数 Shannon index
细菌 Bacterium	CK	985.67±132.90 b	1042.00±97.63 b	1055.43±95.03 b	0.01±0.00 a	5.71±0.18 a
	ASB	1247.50±21.36 a	1296.88±11.65 a	1305.34±14.97 a	0.02±0.01 a	5.58±0.23 a
	USB	1178.50±47.18 a	1231.65±39.31 a	1242.85±39.17 a	0.11±0.10 a	5.02±0.66 a
	WSB	1233.67±22.00 a	1322.35±14.42 a	1326.90±14.39 a	0.02±0.00 a	5.50±0.12 a
真菌 Fungus	CK	170.67±32.52 c	185.41±40.11 b	176.25±35.13 a	0.07±0.04 a	3.61±0.43 a
	ASB	221.33±14.94 ab	279.63±13.94 a	251.77±13.57 a	0.06±0.01 a	3.77±0.12 a
	USB	180.83±10.70 bc	281.73±29.52 a	256.58±37.65 a	0.09±0.02 a	3.41±0.18 a
	WSB	241.33±10.56 a	263.26±9.65 a	262.41±11.21 a	0.10±0.03 a	3.40±0.18 a
数据表示重复组的平均值±标准误差。不同字母表示组间差异显著（P ＜0.05）. Data represent mean ± standard error of replicates. Different letters indicate significant difference between the treatments (P＜ 0.05).

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