林下穴盘袋栽时长对金线莲生长和品质的影响

张航; 陈泽明; 郑智位; 吴茜; 林协全; 张麒功; 邹双全; 邹小兴

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.01.008

林下穴盘袋栽时长对金线莲生长和品质的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.01.008

张航^{1, 2,},
陈泽明^{2, 3},
郑智位⁴,
吴茜^{1, 2},
林协全^{1, 2},
张麒功^{1, 2},
邹双全^{1, 2},
邹小兴^{1, 2, ,}

1.
福建农林大学林学院，福建　福州　350002
2.
自然生物资源保育利用福建省高校工程研究中心，福建　福州　350002
3.
上海徐房绿化有限公司 200030
4.
福建省德化葛坑国有林场，福建　德化　362509

基金项目: 福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目（KHF190014）；福建农林大学乡村振兴服务团队项目（11899170128）

详细信息

作者简介:
张航（1998−），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：从事药用植物栽培（E-mial: Hanggang365@163.com）

通讯作者:
邹小兴（1971—），男，博士，副教授，从事药用植物资源与栽培研究（E-mial:fjzxxzxx@126.com）

中图分类号: S 567.239
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-13
- 修回日期: 2021-12-16
- 网络出版日期: 2022-01-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-28

Effects of Seedling Tray Bagging Duration on Growth and Quality of In-forest Cultivated Anoectochilus roxburghii

ZHANG Hang^{1, 2
,},
CHEN Zeming^{2, 3},
ZHENG Zhiwei⁴,
WU Xi^{1, 2},
LIN Xiequan^{1, 2},
ZHANG Qigong^{1, 2},
ZOU Shuangquan^{1, 2},
ZOU Xiaoxing^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
Engineering Research Center of Natural Biological Resources Conversation and Utilization of Fujian Higher Education Institute, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
3.
Shanghai Xufang Ecological Environment Ltd., Co., Shanghai　200030, China
4.
Dehua Gekeng National Forest Farm of Fujian, Dehua, Fujian　362509, China

摘要

摘要: 目的明确林下穴盘袋栽对金线莲生长和品质的影响，筛选出适宜金线莲生长的套袋时长，为金线莲科学种植、品质提升提供理论依据。方法以南靖大叶金线莲为试验材料，在南靖县葛山村试验地设置7个不同套袋时长处理，以落地栽培为对照（CK），研究穴盘袋栽及不同套袋时长对金线莲生长及品质的影响。结果（1）穴盘袋栽金线莲可以提高保存率、株高、叶片数、叶长、叶宽、茎节数、每节长、根数和根长，与对照相比，穴盘袋栽套袋150 d处理的保存率增加26.42%，株高增加26.47%，叶片数增加36.36%，每节长增加18.41%，平均单株鲜重增加8.32%，且存在显著差异；（2）穴盘栽培较落地栽培可显著提升金线莲可溶性糖含量，套袋时间过长不利于金线莲叶绿素合成，而对可溶性蛋白含量无显著影响；（3）金线莲穴盘栽培较落地栽培有利于总多糖、总黄酮、总生物碱和总氨基酸含量的积累与合成，分别增加11.85%、5.67%、3.70%、17.50%。但套袋时间过长则不利于金线莲总生物碱、金线莲苷、总酚含量提升，套袋150 d与套袋0 d处理的金线莲总黄酮、总生物碱、总氨基酸、总多糖含量达到的最高值之间无显著差异。结论穴盘袋栽较落地栽培有利于金线莲生长和品质提升，过长的袋栽时长不利于金线莲活性成分的合成，综合考虑，穴盘袋栽以套袋时长150 d较为适宜，金线莲生长和品质较佳。
- 金线莲 /
- 穴盘袋栽 /
- 套袋时长 /
- 保存率 /
- 活性成分
Abstract: Objective Effects of duration of the seedling tray bagging on the growth and quality of in-forest cultivated Anoectochilus roxburghi were analyzed. Method Under tree shade in the forest, Nanjing large leaf A. roxburghii seedlings were cultivated with the conventional ground planting (CK) or utilization of the seedling tray bagging method for 7 different lengths of time at an experimental site in Geshan Village, Nanjing County. Effects of the bagging and bagging duration on the growth and quality of the plants were evaluated. Result (1) The seedling tray bagging significantly increased the survival rate, plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, stem node number, node length, root number, and root length of the A. roxburghii plants. Compared with CK, 150 d bagging afforded the plants 26.42% higher on survival rate, 26.47% taller on height, 36.36% more on number of leaves, 18.41% longer on node, and 8.32% on average plant fresh weight. (2) The bagging significantly raised the soluble sugar content in A. roxburghii over direct ground planting. However, too long a bagging duration was detrimental to chlorophyll synthesis of the plant, even though no significant effect on protein content. (3) The bagging facilitated the plant accumulation and synthesis of polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and amino acids, as shown by 11.85%, 5.67%, 3.70%, and 17.50% increases, respectively, over the conventional ground cultivation. However, being held in the bags for a prolonged period, the plants ceased to rise on the contents of total alkaloids, kinsenoside, and total phenols. The peak contents of flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, and polysaccharides did not significantly differ on the plants bagged for 150 d or 0 d either. Conclusion The seedling tray bagging practice benefitted the growth and quality of A. roxburghii. However, prolonged bagging was not conducive to the synthesis of functional ingredients in the plant. It appeared that bagging for 150 d was optimal for the cultivation of high quality A. roxburghii in the woods.
- Anoectochilus roxburghii /
- seedling tray bagging /
- bagging duration /
- survival rate /
- functional components

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图 1 金线莲穴盘袋栽

注：A，穴盘；B，穴盘+骨架；C，穴盘袋栽；D，穴盘袋栽管理。

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of seedling tray bagging for A. roburghii cultivation

Note: A, Seedling tray; B, Seedling tray and framework; C, Seedling tray bagging cultivation; D, Seedling tray bagging cultivation management.

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图 2 不同穴盘套袋时长金线莲保存率

Figure 2. Survival rate of A. roburghii for different duration of Seedling tray bagging cultivation

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图 3 不同穴盘袋栽套袋时长金线莲生理指标

注：图中不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）。图4同。

Figure 3. Physiological indices on A. roburghii cultivated with varied bagging durations

Note: Data with different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. Same for Fig. 4.

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图 4 不同穴盘袋栽套袋时长金线莲活性成分图

Figure 4. Functional ingredients in A. roburghii cultivated with varied bagging durations

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表 1 不同穴盘袋栽套袋时长金线莲平均单株鲜、干重及折干率

Table 1. Average fresh and dry weights and drying rates of A. roburghii cultivated with varied bagging durations

处理 Treatment	平均单株鲜重 Average fresh weight per plant/g	平均单株干重 Average dry weight per plant/g	折干率 Discount rate/%
C1	5.14±0.41 b	0.99±0.07 ab	19.38±0.26 ab
C2	4.75±0.11 c	0.89±0.03 abc	18.76±0.28 bc
C3	4.07±0.13 d	0.75±0.02 abc	18.39±0.22 c
C4	4.01±0.90 d	0.74±0.17 bc	18.58±0.38 c
C5	3.94±1.07 d	0.68±0.19 c	17.27±0.22 d
C6	5.78±0.47 a	1.00±0.08 ab	17.30±0.18 d
C7	5.94±0.35 a	0.96±0.06 abc	16.26±0.15 e
CK	5.29±0.37 b	1.04±0.06 a	19.73±0.20 a
注：同列数据后不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著（P<0.05）。表2同。 Note: Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences between treatments (P＜0.05). Same for Table 2.

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表 2 不同穴盘袋栽套袋时长金线莲生长指标

Table 2. Growth of A. roburghii cultivated with varied bagging durations

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height/cm	叶片数 Number of leaves	叶长 Leaf length/cm	叶宽 Leaf width/cm	茎节数 Number of stems	每节长 Length of per section/cm	根数 Root number	根长 Root length/cm
C1	9.12±0.17 d	5.00±0.17 c	3.31±0.73 a	2.25±0.40 a	4.00±0.13 a	2.46±0.06 d	4.60±0.89 a	4.26±2.84 a
C2	9.30±0.03 cd	5.20±0.10 c	2.59±0.79 a	2.01±0.57 a	3.00±0.71 a	2.54±0.03 d	4.60±1.14 a	4.44±2.42 a
C3	9.50±0.05 c	5.37±0.06 bc	2.94±0.69 a	2.06±0.34 a	4.00±0.23 a	2.56±0.05 cd	5.00±1.00 a	4.74±2.68 a
C4	9.57±0.04 c	5.20±0.10 c	3.07±0.87 a	2.17±0.49 a	4.00±0.12 a	2.56±0.11 cd	4.60±0.89 a	5.44±2.51 a
C5	10.14±0.13 b	5.73±0.25 ab	3.01±0.98 a	2.09±0.68 a	3.60±0.55 a	2.72±0.04 bc	4.40±0.89 a	5.28±1.71 a
C6	10.51±0.03 a	6.00±0.26 a	3.72±0.9 a	2.72±0.63 a	3.80±0.45 a	2.83±0.09 b	4.80±0.45 a	5.58±1.95 a
C7	10.62±0.04 a	6.10±0.20 a	4.14±0.75 a	2.93±0.42 a	4.00±0.71 a	3.14±0.02 a	5.20±0.84 a	8.34±0.74 a
CK	8.31±0.2 e	4.40±0.10 d	2.85±0.99 a	2.10±0.52 a	3.40±0.55 a	2.39±0.02 d	4.40±1.34 a	6.32±0.94 a

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