镁缓解高温强光对烟草植株光合生理伤害的影响

魏晓玲; 冯常青; 黄云侠; 徐时长; 邱福祥; 吴题; 郑英洁; 李文卿; 何华勤

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.01.005

镁缓解高温强光对烟草植株光合生理伤害的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.01.005

1.
福建农林大学生命科学学院，福建　福州　350002
2.
福建省烟草专卖局烟草科学研究所，福建　福州　350003

基金项目: 福建省烟草专卖局项目（20193500002400009）

详细信息

作者简介:
魏晓玲（1995−），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：植物分子生理（E-mail：1762121290@qq.com ）

通讯作者:
何华勤（1968−），男，教授，博士，研究方向：植物分子生态学（E-mail: hehq3@fafu.edu.cn）

中图分类号: Q 945.78；S 572
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-02
- 修回日期: 2021-09-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-07
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-28

Physiological Effect of Magnesium in Relieving Temperature-and-light-induced Damage to Tobacco Plants

1.
College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
Fujian Institute of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350003, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究镁营养缓解高温强光对烟草光合生理伤害的影响机制，以期为福建地区烟草栽培提供理论指导。方法以烟草翠碧一号为试验材料，设置4个镁质量浓度（0、12.0、48.0 和120.0 mg·L⁻¹）与33 ℃高温下2个光强（600和1200 µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹）处理，分析不同施镁量对不同光强处理下烟株光合生理的影响。结果强光（1 200 µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹ ）加重了烟株的缺镁症状，烟叶出现日灼斑，H₂O₂与丙二醛含量增加，膜透性升高。在48 mg·L⁻¹时，烟株启动CAT、POD、SOD等抗氧化活性酶，清除多余的H₂O₂与丙二醛，增加叶片叶绿素合成量，提高净光合速率，避免烟株遭受高温强光逆境的伤害。结论适当施镁能缓解高温强光胁迫下烟叶的日灼斑症状，提高烟株的干物质量和叶片叶绿素合成量，增加CAT、POD、SOD等抗氧化活性酶活性，从而有效缓解高温强光对烟株光合生理的伤害，其中在48.0 mg·L⁻¹镁供应下缓解效果最好。
- 烟草 /
- 镁营养 /
- 高温强光胁迫 /
- 生理
Abstract: Objective Application of magnesium to alleviate the physiological damage that seriously ill-affects the yield and quality of a tobacco plant by high temperature and strong light was studied. Method Flue-cured tobacco, Cuibi No. 1 (Nicotiana tabacum), plants were supplied with magnesium at 0, 12.0, 48.0, and 120.0 mg·L⁻¹ under 33 ℃ with light exposures of 600 or 1 200 µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹. Effects of the nutrient supplement on the physiology of tobacco plants were monitored. Result A magnesium deficiency on the plants with the symptoms of sun-burn, H₂O₂ and malondialdehyde accumulations, and a heightened leaf membrane permeability was observed under the stress of 33 ℃ and the light exposure at 1 200 µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹. Through supplementing 48 mg·L⁻¹ magnesium the tobacco plants significantly rose on the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, which eliminated ROS, as well as the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate. The adverse effects caused by the stress were significantly relieved. Conclusion Appropriate application of magnesium fertilization could alleviate the physiological damages on tobacco plants caused by high temperature and strong light exposure.
- Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) /
- magnesium supply /
- high-temperature/strong-light stress /
- physiology

HTML全文

图 1 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草的叶片形态.

Figure 1. Morphology of leaves from tobacco plants under treatments

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图 2 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的光合参数

注：① A：气孔导度；B：胞间二氧化碳浓度；C：蒸腾速率；D：净光合速率。② 图中同一列不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05），下图同。

Figure 2. Photosynthetic parameters of tobacco plants under treatments

Note: 1. A: Stomatal conductance (G_s); B: Intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i); C: Transpiration rate (T_r); D: Net photosynthetic rate (P_n). 2. Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences at P＜0.05. Same for following figures.

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图 3 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟株的荧光参数

注： A：初始荧光；B：最大荧光；C：可变荧光；D：最大光化学效应。

Figure 3. Fluorescence parameters of tobacco plants under treatments

Note: A: Minimal fluorescence (F_o): B: Maximal fluorescence (F_m): C: Variable fluorescence (F_v); D: F_v/F_m.

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图 4 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的H₂O₂（A）、MDA（B）的含量和相对膜透性（C）

Figure 4. Contents of H₂O₂ (A), MDA (B), and membrane permeability (C) of tobacco plants under treatments

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图 5 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的抗氧化酶活力

注：A：过氧化氢酶活性；B：过氧化物酶活性；C：超氧化物歧化酶活性。

Figure 5. Activity of antioxidant enzymes in tobacco plants under treatments

Note: A: CAT activity; B: POD activity; C: SOD activity.

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表 1 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的干物质量

Table 1. Dry weight of tobacco plants under treatments

处理 Treatment group	地上部干物质量 Dry weight above ground/g	地下部干物质量 Dry weight underground/g	整株干物质量 Dry weight of whole plant/g
L600Mg0	9.75±0.81 c	0.90±0.11 d	10.43±0.85 c
L1200Mg0	13.07±0.78 abc	0.82±0.03 d	13.89±0.81 bc
L600Mg12	10.29±1.94 bc	1.27±0.13 bc	12.15±2.05 bc
L1200Mg12	14.59±1.27 ab	1.30±0.06 c	16.00±1.22 ab
L600Mg48	10.62±0.54 c	1.41±0.11 bc	11.87±0.60 bc
L1200Mg48	14.68±0.77 ab	1.95±0.19 bc	16.31±0.79 ab
L600Mg120	12.14±2.57 bc	1.49±0.17 b	13.96±2.72 bc
L1200Mg120	16.41±1.45 a	2.24±0.09 a	18.79±1.52 a
注：表中同一列不同小写字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。 Note: Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences at P＜0.05.

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表 2 不同施镁量与光强处理对烟草植株的干物质量影响的方差分析

Table 2. Variance analysis on effects of treatments on dry matters of tobacco plants

变异来源 Sources of variation	地上部干物质量 Dry weight above ground/g	地下部干物质量 Dry weight underground/g	整株干物质量 Dry weight of whole plant/g
镁质量浓度	***	NS	**
光强	*	***	NS
镁质量浓度x光强	NS	NS	NS
注：同一列、、*分别表示P＜0.05、P＜0.01、P＜0.001显著性水平；NS表示无显著性。表4、表5同。 Note: , * , and * * on same column indicate significances at P＜0.05, P＜0.01, and P＜0.001, respectively. Same for table 4 and 5.

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表 3 同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的叶绿体色素含量

Table 3. Chloroplast pigment content of tobacco plants under treatments

处理 Treatment group	Chl. a含量 Chl.a content/ （mg·g⁻¹）	Chl. b含量 Chl.b content/ （mg·g⁻¹）	Car含量 Car content/ （mg·g⁻¹）	Chl.含量 Chl. content/ （mg·g⁻¹）	叶绿素a/b Chl.（a/b）
L600Mg0	1229.71±12.13 d	450.06±35.32 d	193.91±12.63 c	1679.77±23.88 c	2.77±0.25 a
L1200Mg0	978.35±60.70 e	637.47±72.44 cd	105.42±14.54 d	1615.82±132.82 c	1.55±0.08 d
L600Mg12	1836.13±57.10 b	646.37±18.22 bc	296.78±8.97 a	2482.49±72.94 b	2.84±0.05 a
L1200Mg12	1533.91±96.90 c	704.80±47.85 bc	234.53±30.68 abc	2238.71±122.04 b	2.19±0.15 bc
L600Mg48	1829.40±57.88 b	711.86±18.23 bc	274.65±19.99 ab	2536.21±48.91 b	2.60±0.16 ab
L1200Mg48	1629.22±24.65 bc	832.36±61.23 b	225.10±17.71 bc	2461.58±84.06 b	1.98±0.13 cd
L600Mg120	2456.96±156.84 a	1184.78±132.25 a	263.27±26.60 ab	3641.74±278.58 a	2.10±0.15 bc
L1200Mg120	1755.00±101.31 bc	1038.29±23.68 a	221.77±36.39 bc	2632.32±225.25 b	2.09±0.30 bc
注：① A：叶绿素a含量；B：叶绿素b含量；C：类胡萝卜素含量；D：叶绿素总含量；E：叶绿素a/b。② 图中同一列不同小写字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。 Note: 1. A: Chlorophyll a content (Chl. a); B: Chlorophyll b content (Chl. b); C: Carotenoid content (Car); D: Chlorophyll content (Chl.); E: Chl. (a/b). 2. Data with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P＜0.05.

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表 4 不同施镁量与光强处理对烟草植株光合特性影响的方差分析

Table 4. Variance analysis on effects of treatments on photosynthetic characteristics of tobacco plants

变异来源 Sources of variation	Chl.a含量 Chl.a content	Chl.b含量 Chl.b content	Car含量 Car content	Chl.含量 Chl. content	叶绿素a/b Chl.（a/b）	P_n	T_r	G_s	C_i	F_o	F_v	F_m	F_v/F_m
施镁量 Magnesium application	***	NS	**	**	***	***	***	***	NS	***	***	***	***
光强 Light intensity	***	***	***	***	NS	***	**	**	NS	NS	*	**	NS
施镁量×光强 Magnesium application×Light intensity	*	NS	NS	*	*	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS

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表 5 不同施镁量与光强处理对烟草植株抗氧化系统影响的方差分析

Table 5. Variance analysis on effects of treatments on antioxidant system of tobacco plants

变异来源 Sources of variation	H₂O₂含量 H₂O₂ content	MDA含量 MDA content	相对膜透性 Relative membrane permeability	CAT活力 CAT activity	POD活力 POD activity	SOD活力 SOD activity
施镁量 Magnesium application	NS	**	***	NS	***	***
光强 Light intensity	***	NS	NS	***	***	***
施镁量×光强 Magnesium application×Light intensity	*	NS	*	**	***	**

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