5种杉木幼林不同龄期生长特性比较

张丽霞; 曹光球; 林开敏; 马祥庆; 帅鹏

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.007.011

5种杉木幼林不同龄期生长特性比较

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.007.011

张丽霞^{1, 2,},
曹光球^{1, 2},
林开敏^{1, 2},
马祥庆^{1, 2},
帅鹏^{1, 2, ,}

1.
福建农林大学林学院，福建　福州　350002
2.
国家林业和草原局杉木工程技术研究中心，福建　福州　350002

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD2201302、2016YFD0600301）；福建农林大学科技创新专项（CXZX2020034A）

详细信息

作者简介:
张丽霞（1998−），女，硕士研究生，主要从事人工林定向培育和林木逆境响应研究（E-mail：1696310917@qq.com）

通讯作者:
帅鹏（1988−），男，讲师，主要从事人工林定向培育和林木逆境响应研究（E-mail：shuai@fafu.edu.cn）

中图分类号: S 791.27
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-15
- 修回日期: 2022-04-19
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-07
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-28

Growth of Young Chinese Fir Forests in Years of Cultivation

ZHANG Lixia^{1, 2
,},
CAO Guangqiu^{1, 2},
LIN Kaimin^{1, 2},
MA Xiangqing^{1, 2},
SHUAI Peng^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究5种杉木幼林不同龄期生长特性，为杉木人工林高效培育技术体系的构建提供理论依据。方法采用随机区组试验设计，共设置5种处理（洋020、洋061、广西二代、福建埔上三代营造纯林、洋020和洋061株间混交造林），比较其生长过程的平均胸径、树高、东西冠幅、南北冠幅、单株立木材积、径阶分布等的变化情况。结果各杉木良种的胸径、树高、冠幅和单株材积生长的良种效应差异多数达到显著性水平；洋061与洋061（混交）良种的平均胸径、树高、冠幅生长量变异都很小，洋061良种造林时林分分布更整齐；福建三代标准地径阶分布图形明显呈正态分布，具有良好的空间结构，洋061（混交）与洋061良种在8～12 cm径阶林木株树占总株数的百分比最多，分别为60.45%、41.81%。结论洋061良种林木各项生长指标表现最好，拥有大量的大径阶林木，在造林初期杉木洋061良种效应相较于其他良种更有优势，具有高效培育杉木人工林的优质潜力。
- 杉木 /
- 幼龄林 /
- 遗传控制 /
- 材积 /
- 径阶
Abstract: Objective Growth of young Chinese fir trees under 5 cultivation models were studied for the forest building. Method In a span of several years, 5 forest building models were implemented for the experimentation on Cunninghamia lanceolata. Young plants were cultivated according to a randomized block design of 5 existing models, i.e., Yang 020, Yang 061, Guangxi 2G, Fujian Pushang 3G, and the mixed Yang 020/061. The average diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, east-west crown width, north-south crown width, individual standing timber volume, and trunk girth classification of the plants were continuously measured throughout the growth period. Results Significant deviations in DBH, height, crown width, and timber volume were found among most of the trees under different cultivation methods. The differences in DBH, height, and canopy growth were not significant between Yang 061 and Yang 020/061. The stand structure was uniformly distributed under Yang 061. Under Fujian Pushang 3G, a normal distribution on the trunk girth classifications with a solid spatial structure of the fir was observed. Yang 020/061 and Yang 061 had the greatest proportions of trees in the 8-12 cm diameter classes at 60.45% and 41.81%, respectively. Conclusion The growth of the Chinese fir trees under the cultivation model of Yang 061 showed the highest indices and abundant large-diameter trunks among 5 models. It provided the young forest with desirable development environment and was consider a high-efficiency approach to building forests of Chinese fir in the wild.
- Cunninghamia lanceolata /
- young forest /
- genetic control /
- timber volume /
- trunk diameter classification

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图 1 不同良种幼龄林径阶分布差异

Figure 1. Distribution of trunk diameter classifications of young Chinese fir

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表 1 不同良种幼龄林地径/胸径生长

Table 1. Growth differentiations on average diameter at ground-level/DBH ratio of young Chinese fir

处理 Treatment	2年生 2a		3年生 3a		4年生 4a
处理 Treatment	地径均值 Ground diameter/cm	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	胸径均值 DBH/cm	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	胸径均值 DBH/cm	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%
广西二代 Guangxi second generation	1.71±0.46 b	26.90	3.87±1.96 a	50.65	5.68±1.60 c	28.17
福建埔上三代 Fujian Pushang third generation	1.67±0.45 b	26.95	3.99±1.32 a	33.08	5.67±1.98 c	34.92
洋061 Yang061	1.85±0.44 a	23.78	4.13±1.36 a	32.93	6.56±1.65 b	25.15
洋020 Yang020	1.02±0.45 d	44.12	2.43±1.10 b	45.27	5.58±1.53 c	27.42
洋061（混交） Yang061 (mixed)	1.90±0.52 a	27.37	3.98±1.15 a	28.89	7.26±2.32 a	31.96
洋020（混交） Yang020 (mixed)	1.12±0.51 c	45.54	2.51±1.04 b	41.43	5.47±1.78 c	32.54
同列数据后不同小写字母表示组间差异显著（P＜0.05）。下同。 The data with different lowercase letters in column mean significant differences (P＜0.05). The same below.

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表 2 不同良种幼龄林树高生长差异

Table 2. Growth differentiations on average tree height of young Chinese fir

处理 Treatment	2年生 2a		3 年生 3a		4年生 4a
处理 Treatment	均值 Mean/m	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	均值 Mean/m	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	均值 Mean/m	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%
广西二代 Guangxi second generation	1.17±0.30 b	25.64	2.54±0.56 d	22.05	4.80±0.91 c	18.96
福建埔上三代 Fujian Pushang third generation	1.02±0.31 c	30.39	2.87±0.86 c	29.97	4.59±1.10 d	23.97
洋061 Yang061	1.26±0.27 a	21.43	3.18±0.80 a	25.16	4.98±0.66 b	13.25
洋020 Yang020	0.79±0.30 d	37.97	2.45±0.56 d	22.86	5.23±0.83 a	15.87
洋061（混交） Yang061 (mixed)	1.26±0.31 a	24.60	3.00±0.46 b	15.33	5.02±0.82 b	16.33
洋020（混交） Yang020 (mixed)	0.82±0.30 d	36.59	2.51±0.57 d	22.71	4.88±1.01 bc	20.70

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表 3 不同良种幼龄林冠幅生长差异

Table 3. Growth differentiations on average tree crown of young Chinese fir

处理 Treatment	冠幅 Crown width	2年生 2a		3年生 3a		4年生 4a
处理 Treatment	冠幅 Crown width	均值 Mean/m	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	均值 Mean/m	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	均值 Mean/m	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%
广西二代 Guangxi second generation	东西 East-west	0.88±0.28 b	31.82	1.55±0.37 b	23.87	2.22±0.57 d	25.68
广西二代 Guangxi second generation	南北 South-north	0.87±0.26 b	29.89	1.50±0.38 b	25.33	2.22±0.54 d	24.32
福建埔上三代 Fujian Pushang third generation	东西 East-west	0.92±0.24 ab	26.09	1.72±0.40 a	23.26	2.52±0.52 b	20.63
福建埔上三代 Fujian Pushang third generation	南北 South-north	0.93±0.24 a	25.81	1.66±0.38 a	22.89	2.42±0.50 b	20.66
洋061 Yang061	东西 East-west	0.94±0.22 a	23.40	1.68±0.41 a	24.40	2.34±0.44 c	18.80
洋061 Yang061	南北 South-north	0.96±0.23 a	23.96	1.65±0.41 a	24.85	2.34±0.41 bc	17.52
洋020 Yang020	东西 East-west	0.54±0.24 d	44.44	1.31±0.39 c	29.77	2.35±0.50 c	21.28
洋020 Yang020	南北 South-north	0.55±0.24 d	43.64	1.24±0.34 c	27.42	2.28±0.50 cd	21.93
洋061（混交） Yang061 (mixed)	东西 East-west	0.91±0.27 ab	29.67	1.68±0.41 a	24.40	2.67±0.63 a	23.60
洋061（混交） Yang061 (mixed)	南北 South-north	0.92±0.25 a	27.17	1.64±0.41 a	25.00	2.63±0.63 a	23.95
洋020（混交） Yang020 (mixed)	东西 East-west	0.61±0.27 c	44.26	1.22±0.33 d	27.05	2.10±0.54 e	25.71
洋020（混交） Yang020 (mixed)	南北 South-north	0.61±0.27 c	44.26	1.21±0.31 c	25.62	2.10±0.55 e	26.19

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表 4 不同良种幼龄林材积生长差异

Table 4. Growth differentiations on average timber volume of young Chinese fir

处理 Treatment	3年生 3a	4年生 4a
处理 Treatment	均值 Mean/cm³	均值 Mean/cm³
广西二代 Guangxi second generation	2523.54±1815.07 b	8435.03±4776.17 c
福建埔上三代 Fujian Pushang third generation	2602.99±1575.64 b	8705.84±5407.89 c
洋061 Yang061	3335.76±2021.01 a	11173.48±4632.82 b
洋020 Yang020	1053.69±820.63 c	8554.66±4367.99 c
洋061（混交） Yang061 (mixed)	2713.50±1375.58 b	14417.44±6732.91 a
洋020（混交） Yang020 (mixed)	1160.04±802.55 c	8193.85±4275.91 c

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