超甜玉米闽双色6号籽粒甜度遗传基础解析

林静; 张扬; 林建新; 卢和顶; 陈山虎; 廖长见

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.007.001

超甜玉米闽双色6号籽粒甜度遗传基础解析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.007.001

福建省农业科学院作物研究所/福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心，福建　福州　350013

基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项（2019R1031-13、2021R1031006）；福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目（zycxny2021006）；福建省科技计划重大专项（2020NZ08017）；福建省农业高质量发展超越“ 5511”协同创新工程项目（XTCXGC2021019）；福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目（CXTD2021011-2）

详细信息

作者简介:
林静（1991−），女，助理研究员，主要从事玉米遗传育种工作（E-mail：jing287346@163.com）

通讯作者:
廖长见（1979 −），男，副研究员，主要从事玉米遗传育种工作（E-mail：liaocj1978@163.com）

中图分类号: S 513
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-25
- 修回日期: 2022-05-31
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-07
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-28

Genetic Basis of Sweetness of Super-sweet Corn, Minshuangse No. 6

Institute of Crop Research, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Province Characteristic Dry Crop Variety Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China

摘要

摘要: 目的深入探究甜玉米甜度形成的关键基因及可能涉及的杂种优势分子机制。方法以超甜玉米品种闽双色6号及其双亲为研究材料，利用生物信息学，重测序，转录组等技术对蔗糖合酶基因家族进化、甜度相关基因分型及表达模式进行分析。结果玉米中存在18个蔗糖合酶基因；其中，Zm0001d029087与Sh1、Sus1和Sus2/3同属一个亚家族，进化上亲缘关系较近，表明Zm0001d029087可能在籽粒糖代谢中发挥功能；在双亲与B73的变异分析中发现，Sh1、Sus1和Sus2/3均存在突变，共同构成闽双色6号的超甜特性的遗传物质基础；表达分析发现，18个基因中仅Zm0001d029087与Sh1、Sus1和Sus2/3在籽粒中有表达。进一步对4个基因在闽双色6号及其双亲中的表达进行分析，结果显示，除Sh1基因外，其他3个基因在闽双色6号中的表达显著低于双亲或之一，表明闽双色6号在糖代谢途径上存在超亲遗传的分子机制。结论解析了闽双色6号籽粒超甜特性的遗传特性，发现1个潜在的功能基因Zm0001d029087，并初步探究杂种优势在闽双色6号超甜特性形成中的遗传机制。
- 闽双色6号 /
- 甜度 /
- 遗传变异 /
- 表达分析 /
- 杂种优势
Abstract: Objective This study explored the key genes of sweet corn sweetness formation and the possible molecular mechanism of heterosis. Method Genotypes and expressions of sucrose synthase gene family of a super-sweet corn variety, Minshuangse No.6, and its parents were analyzed using bioinformatics, resequencing, transcriptome, and other techniques to unveil the underlining basis of the sweet taste of corns. Result Eighteen sucrose synthase genes were isolated from the corn kernels. Among them, Zm0001d029087 was found to belong to the same subfamily as Sh1, Sus1, and Sus2/3 with close evolution relationships. It might play a role in the sugar metabolism of the corn. Comparing both parents with B73, mutations were found in Sh1, Sus1, and Sus2/3. Of the 18 genes, only Zm0001d029087 and those 4 genes expresses in the kernels. Further analyses showed the 4 genes, except Sh1, had significantly lower expressions in Minshuangse No.6 than in both or one of the parents. Conclusion The genetic variations in the super-sweet Minshuangse No.6 revealed a unique characteristic of Zm0001d029087 that might relate to the sweetness of the corn kernels. A preliminary role of heterosis in sugar formation by that gene was proposed for further investigation.
- Minshuangse No. 6 /
- sucrose synthase /
- genetic variation /
- expression analysis /
- heterosis

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图 1 玉米蔗糖合酶基因家族的系统进化分析

Figure 1. Phylogenetic analysis on sucrose synthase gene family in corn

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图 2 玉米蔗糖合酶家族基因外显子组成

Figure 2. Exon of sucrose synthase genes in corn

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图 3 玉米蔗糖合酶基因家族的表达分析

A、B、C分别表示闽甜系67、闽甜系146和闽双色6号，“**”表示该基因在籽粒中有表达。

Figure 3. Expressions of sucrose synthase genes in corn kernel

A, B and C represent Mintian 67, Mintian 146, and Minshuangse No. 6, respectively; ** indicates expressions of these genes in corn kernel.

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图 4 不同品种籽粒间蔗糖合酶基因的差异表达分析

A、B、C、D分别为Zm00001d045042（Sh1）、Zm00001d047253（ Sus1 ）、Zm00001d029091 （ Sus2/3 ）、Zm00001d029087；不同小写字母表示该基因在不同品种籽粒中的表达差异性。

Figure 4. Differential expressions of sucrose synthase genes in kernels of different corn varieties

A, B and C represent Mintian 67, Mintian 146, and Minshuangse No. 6, respectively; different lowercase letters represent expression differences of respective genes in kernels of different corn varieties.

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表 1 双亲与B73的基因型对比分析

Table 1. Comparison on genotypes between parents and B73

基因号 Gene ID	染色体 Chromosome	位置 Position	突变类型 Mutation type	B73	闽甜系146 Mintian 146	闽甜系67 Mintian 67
Zm00001d029087	1	57458900	非同义突变nonsynonymous	A	—	G
	1	57459090	非同义突变nonsynonymous	G	A	G
	1	57459108	非同义突变nonsynonymous	C	T	C
	1	57459240	非同义突变nonsynonymous	G	T	G
	1	57459287	非同义突变nonsynonymous	T	C	T
	1	57459517	终止子缺失Stoploss	A	C	T
	1	57459532	非同义突变nonsynonymous	A	A	G
	1	57462132	非同义突变nonsynonymous	C	G	C
Zm00001d029091 （Sus2/3）	1	57487288	非同义突变nonsynonymous	T	T	C
	1	57487312	非同义突变nonsynonymous	A	—	G
	1	57487334	非同义突变nonsynonymous	G	—	C
	1	57487573	提前终止Stopgain	G	T	T
	1	57487653	非同义突变nonsynonymous	G	T	G
	1	57487700	非同义突变nonsynonymous	T	C	T
	1	57490727	移码突变frameshift	C	CAT	CAT
Zm00001d002608	2	16655931	移码突变frameshift	TATACGTG	T	T
	2	16655939	非移码突变 No-frameshift	ATAC	A	T
	2	16655944	移码突变frameshift	TCC	TCC	T
Zm00001d050151	4	69443338	非同义突变nonsynonymous	C	T	C
Zm00001d051837	4	171682444	非同义突变nonsynonymous	C	C	T
	4	240099563	非同义突变nonsynonymous	A	A	T
	4	240099712	非同义突变nonsynonymous	T	C	C
	4	240099721	非同义突变nonsynonymous	C	C	T
	4	240099732	非同义突变nonsynonymous	T	T	C
	4	240103694	非同义突变nonsynonymous	C	A	C
Zm00001d014119	5	33044977	非同义突变nonsynonymous	A	—	T
Zm00001d014119	5	33045010	非同义突变nonsynonymous	G	—	A
Zm00001d010801	8	128221424	非同义突变nonsynonymous	A	G	A
	8	128221755	非同义突变nonsynonymous	G	G	A
	8	128221768	移码突变frameshift	CCG	C	CCG
	8	128223803	移码突变frameshift	C	CA	C
	8	128223824	非同义突变nonsynonymous	G	G	A
Zm00001d045042 （Sh1）	9	10912802	非同义突变nonsynonymous	C	C	G
Zm00001d045042 （Sh1）	9	10912803	移码突变frameshift	TCG	TCG	T
Zm00001d047253 （Sus1）	9	124178618	移码突变frameshift	C	CTT	C
	9	124178640	非同义突变nonsynonymous	G	A	G
	9	124178644	移码突变frameshift	A	AGAAG	A
	9	124179054	非同义突变nonsynonymous	G	C	C
	9	124182253	非同义突变nonsynonymous	T	T	G
Zm00001d023966	10	32431873	非同义突变nonsynonymous	C	C	T
基因型中“—”表示重测序数据中未检测到。 The "—" in the genotype indicates that it is not detected in the resequencing data.

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