福建省铁皮石斛茎腐病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性

姚锦爱; 黄鹏; 兰成忠; 侯翔宇; 余德亿

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.12.009

福建省铁皮石斛茎腐病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性

Identification and Biological Characteristics of Stem Rot Pathogen of Dendrobium officinale

摘要

摘要:
目的明确福建省铁皮石斛茎腐病病原菌及其生物学特性。
方法从福建省诏安县、松溪县等地的3个种植基地采集典型病株并分离病原菌，采用形态学结合分子生物学（ITS、EF1-α、ACT、RPB2和LSU基因序列分析）的方法鉴定其病原菌种类，并对该病原菌菌丝体在不同温度、pH值、光照条件、碳源、氮源等生物学特性进行研究。
结果经鉴定该病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）。生物学特性研究表明其菌丝生长最适温度为30 ℃，pH为7，光照有利于菌丝生长，最适碳、氮源分别为淀粉和蛋白胨。
结论分离鉴定了福建省铁皮石斛茎腐病病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum），明确了病原菌生物学特性。

Abstract:
Objective To isolate and identify and determine the biological characteristics of the pathogen that caused the stem rot disease on Dendrobium officinale.
Method Typical diseased plants were collected from 3 farms in Zhaoan and Songxi for pathogen isolation. Morphological and molecular identification methods including gene sequencing of ITS, EF1-α, ACT, RPB2, and LSU were performed on the isolates. Biological characteristics of the pathogen in response to temperature, pH, light condition, carbon source, and nitrogen source were determined.
Result The pathogen was identified as Fusarium oxysporum, which grew optimally at 30 ℃ and pH 7 under light on a medium using starch for carbon and peptone for nitrogen sources.
Conclusion F. oxysporum was identified to be the pathogen that caused the stem rot disease on D. officinale in Fujian, and the optimal mycelial growth conditions determined.

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