不同生育期水稻对甲基汞的蓄积

张志渊; 胡文俊; 卢畅; 官甲训; 王敏; 李云云; 王果

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.09.014

不同生育期水稻对甲基汞的蓄积

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.09.014

福建农林大学资源与环境学院，福建　福州　350002

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（U2032201）

详细信息

作者简介:
张志渊（1987−），男，博士，研究方向：环境土壤学（E-mail：zzy@fafu.edu.cn）

通讯作者:
李云云（1987−），女，博士，研究方向：土壤重金属污染修复研究（E-mail：723208247@qq.com）

中图分类号: X 53
计量
- 文章访问数: 687
- HTML全文浏览量: 223
- PDF下载量: 14
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-10
- 修回日期: 2021-08-24
- 网络出版日期: 2021-10-23
- 刊出日期: 2021-09-28

Methylmercury Accumulation in Rice at Different Growth Stages

College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian,　350002, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究水稻生长的不同生育期对甲基汞蓄积和转化能力。方法采用水培的试验方法，设置5个甲基汞暴露处理组，即空白组（无汞暴露）、幼苗期组、分蘖期组、拔节期组和抽穗期组，测定不同汞暴露时期水稻地上组织中总汞和甲基汞的含量以及根部甲基汞含量，并计算水稻地上组织中甲基汞占总汞的比例。结果和空白组相比，水稻不同生育期甲基汞暴露显著提高了水稻组织中甲基汞含量。水稻对甲基汞的蓄积与甲基汞暴露的时期密切相关，具体表现为抽穗期组和拔节期组的水稻根部、秸秆和稻米甲基汞及总汞含量显著高于幼苗期组和分蘖期组，说明水稻越接近成熟期，对甲基汞的蓄积能力越强。幼苗期组和分蘖期组稻米中有超过60%的汞是以甲基汞的形式存在；而在拔节期组和抽穗期组，其稻米中甲基汞占总汞的比例为80%，据此可知，越接近成熟期，稻米蓄积甲基汞的能力越强，而甲基汞的转化能力越弱。结论水稻对甲基汞的蓄积表现为水稻生育后期高于前期，甲基汞的转化则为水稻生育前期高于后期，因此水稻生育前期甲基汞暴露的风险更小。
- 水稻 /
- 甲基汞 /
- 生育期 /
- 转化 /
- 蓄积
Abstract: Objective Capability of Oryza sativa L. in accumulating and transforming methylmercury (MeHg) at different growth stages was studied. Method Rice plants without MeHg exposure (as control) and 4 treatments groups with a MeHg exposure at seedling, tillering, jointing, or heading stages were cultivated in a hydroponic setting. Total Hg and MeHg concentrations in tissues of the plants were determined, and percentages of MeHg to total Hg in straws and grains calculated. Result Compared with control, the MeHg exposure increased the MeHg content in rice tissues at all growth stages, but the accumulation significantly varied according to both the growth stage of the exposure and the tissue tested. The total Hg and MeHg contents in all parts of rice at the seedlings or tillering stage were lower than those at the jointing or heading stage. It indicated greater accumulation tended to occur approaching the end of plant growth. And at the seedling and tillering stage, more than 60% of the Hg in the grains was in the form of MeHg, as opposed to more than 80% at the jointing and heading stages. Thus, MeHg was more highly accumulated, or less likely be transformed, in the grains at the heading stage than in the early stage of rice growth. Conclusion As a rice plant maturing, the MeHg accumulation increased and the transformation lessened. Hence, exposure of rice to MeHg would present less severe a safety risk at early than late stage of growth.
- rice /
- methylmercury /
- growth stage /
- transformation /
- accumulation

HTML全文

图 1 不同处理组根系甲基汞含量

注：图中不同小写字母表示不同处理组之间差异显著（P＜0.05）。

Figure 1. MeHg contents in roots of rice plants under different treatments

Note: Data with different small letters indicate significant differences at 0.05 level. The same as below.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同处理组秸秆甲基汞含量（A），秸秆总汞（B）和秸秆甲基汞/总汞（C）

Figure 2. Contents of MeHg (A) and total Hg (B) and percentages of MeHg to total Hg (C) in straws of rice plants under different treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同处理组稻米甲基汞含量（A），稻米总汞（B）和稻米甲基汞/总汞（C）

Figure 3. Contents of MeHg (A) and total Hg (B) and percentages of MeHg to total Hg (C) in grains of rice plants under different treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(22)

[1]	JIANG G B, SHI J B, FENG X B. Mercury pollution in China [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2006, 40(12): 3672−3678.
[2]	许妍, 陈永青. 我国环境汞污染现状及其对健康的危害 [J]. 职业与健康, 2012, 28(7):879−881. XU Y, CHEN Y Q. Present situation of mercury pollution in the environment and its health hazards in China [J]. Occupation and Health, 2012, 28(7): 879−881.(in Chinese)
[3]	QIU G L, FENG X B, WANG S F, et al. Environmental contamination of mercury from Hg-mining areas in Wuchuan, northeastern Guizhou, China [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2006, 142(3): 549−558. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.015
[4]	DAI Q, FENG X, QIU G, et al. Mercury contaminations from gold mining using amalgamation technique in Xiaoqinling Region, Shanxi Province, PR China [J]. Journal De Physique IV (Proceedings), 2003, 107: 345−348. doi: 10.1051/jp4:20030312
[5]	FENG X B, DAI Q Q, QIU G L, et al. Gold mining related mercury contamination in Tongguan, Shaanxi Province, PR China [J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2006, 21(11): 1955−1968. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.08.014
[6]	袁晓博, 冯新斌, 仇广乐, 等. 中国大米汞含量研究 [J]. 地球与环境, 2011, 39(3):318−323. YUAN X B, FENG X B, QIU G L, et al. Mercury concentrations in rice from China [J]. Earth and Environment, 2011, 39(3): 318−323.(in Chinese)
[7]	ZHAO J T, LI Y F, LI Y Y, et al. Selenium modulates mercury uptake and distribution in rice (Oryza sativa L.), in correlation with mercury species and exposure level [J]. Metallomics, 2014, 6(10): 1951−1957. doi: 10.1039/C4MT00170B
[8]	WANG Y J, DANG F, EVANS R D, et al. Mechanistic understanding of MeHg-Se antagonism in soil-rice systems: The key role of antagonism in soil [J]. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6: 19477. doi: 10.1038/srep19477
[9]	GONG Y, NUNES L M, GREENFIELD B K, et al. Bioaccessibility-corrected risk assessment of urban dietary methylmercury exposure via fish and rice consumption in China [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 630: 222−230. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.224
[10]	李浪, 朱金山. 水旱轮作稻田旱作季土壤汞微生物甲基化的研究进展 [J]. 贵州农业科学, 2020, 48(9):52−56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2020.09.011 LI L, ZHU J S. Research progress on soil mercury microbial methylation during dry season in paddy field under water-dry rotation [J]. Guizhou Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 48(9): 52−56.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2020.09.011
[11]	高润霞, 罗文倩, 胡海艳, 等. 稻田土壤中汞的微生物甲基化研究进展 [J]. 宁夏农林科技, 2020, 61(1):46−49. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-204x.2020.01.015 GAO R X, LUO W Q, HU H Y, et al. Research progress of microbial methylation of mercury in paddy soil [J]. Ningxia Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, 2020, 61(1): 46−49.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-204x.2020.01.015
[12]	谷成, 钟寰, 张慧玲, 等. 秸秆还田影响汞污染地区“稻田汞”环境行为的研究进展 [J]. 科学通报, 2017, 62(24):2717−2723. doi: 10.1360/N972017-00230 GU C, ZHONG H, ZHANG H L, et al. Advances in understanding Hg dynamics in mercury contaminated paddy soils under straw amendment [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2017, 62(24): 2717−2723.(in Chinese) doi: 10.1360/N972017-00230
[13]	LI Y Y, ZHAO J T, ZHONG H, et al. Understanding enhanced microbial MeHg production in mining-contaminated paddy soils under sulfate amendment: Changes in Hg mobility or microbial methylators? [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2019, 53(4): 1844−1852.
[14]	胡正义, 夏旭, 吴丛杨慧, 等. 硫在稻根微域中化学行为及其对水稻吸收重金属的影响机理 [J]. 土壤, 2009, 41(1):27−31. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9829.2009.01.005 HU Z Y, XIA X, WU C Y H, et al. Chemical behaviors of sulfur in the rhizosphere of rice and its impacts on heavy metals uptake in rice [J]. Soils, 2009, 41(1): 27−31.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9829.2009.01.005
[15]	钟顺清, 仇广乐, 冯新斌. 铁硫耦合影响甲基汞在土壤-水稻系统中迁移转化的研究进展 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(8):2351−2357. ZHONG S Q, QIU G L, FENG X B. Coupling effects of iron and sulfur on the migration and transformation of methylmercury in soil-rice system: A review [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2017, 36(8): 2351−2357.(in Chinese)
[16]	HU Z Y, ZHU Y G, LI M, et al. Sulfur (S)-induced enhancement of iron plaque formation in the rhizosphere reduces arsenic accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2007, 147(2): 387−393. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.06.014
[17]	XU X H, ZHAO J T, LI Y Y, et al. Demethylation of methylmercury in growing rice plants: An evidence of self-detoxification [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 210: 113−120. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.12.013
[18]	LI Y Y, ZHAO J T, ZHANG B W, et al. The influence of iron plaque on the absorption, translocation and transformation of mercury in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings exposed to different mercury species [J]. Plant and Soil, 2016, 398(1/2): 87−97.
[19]	DOMINIQUE Y, MAURY-BRACHET R, MURESAN B, et al. Biofilm and mercury availability as key factors for mercury accumulation in fish (Curimata cyprinoides) from a disturbed Amazonian freshwater system [J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2007, 26(1): 45. doi: 10.1897/05-649R.1
[20]	朱宗强, 王训, 王衡, 等. 单一汞同位素示踪大气与农田作物汞的交换过程 [J]. 环境化学, 2018, 37(3):419−427. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017080902 ZHU Z Q, WANG X, WANG H, et al. Mercury exchange process between crop foliage and atmosphere by using single mercury isotope [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(3): 419−427.(in Chinese) doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017080902
[21]	STRICKMAN R J, MITCHELL C P J. Accumulation and translocation of methylmercury and inorganic mercury in Oryza sativa: An enriched isotope tracer study [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 574: 1415−1423. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.068
[22]	孙荣国, 毛雯, 马明, 等. 水体中甲基汞光化学降解特征研究 [J]. 环境科学, 2012, 33(12):4329−4334. SUN R G, MAO W, MA M, et al. Characteristics of monomethylmercury photodegradation in water body [J]. Environmental Science, 2012, 33(12): 4329−4334.(in Chinese)