李果斑病病原菌生物学特性及室内毒力测定

舒然; 龙海江; 龙友华; 顾桂飞; 杨敬之; 尹显慧

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.09.012

李果斑病病原菌生物学特性及室内毒力测定

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.09.012

舒然^{1, 2,},
龙海江^{1, 2},
龙友华^{1, 2},
顾桂飞^{1, 2, 3},
杨敬之^{1, 2},
尹显慧^{1, 2, ,}

1.
贵州大学猕猴桃工程技术研究中心，贵州　贵阳　50025
2.
贵州大学作物保护研究所，贵州　贵阳　550025
3.
毕节市周驿茶场，贵州　毕节　551700

基金项目: 贵州省科技支撑计划项目[黔科合支撑〔2019〕2406]

详细信息

作者简介:
舒然（1997−），女，硕士生，研究方向：农产品质量安全（E-mail：535455779@qq.com）

通讯作者:
尹显慧（1978−），女，博士，教授，研究方向：有害生物绿色治理与农产品质量安全（E-mail：xhyin@gzu.edu.cn）

中图分类号: S 432.1
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- 文章访问数: 391
- HTML全文浏览量: 102
- PDF下载量: 19
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-18
- 修回日期: 2021-06-28
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-30
- 刊出日期: 2021-09-28

Biological Characteristics and Lab Toxicity Test Results of Plum Fruit Spot Pathogen

SHU Ran^{1, 2
,},
LONG Haijiang^{1, 2},
LONG Youhua^{1, 2},
GU Guifei^{1, 2, 3},
YANG Jingzhi^{1, 2},
YIN Xianhui^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Engineering and Technology Research Center on Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou　550025, China
2.
Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou　550025, China
3.
Zhouyi Tea Plantation of Bijie, Bijie, Guizhou　551700, China

摘要

摘要: 目的明确李果斑病病原菌（Fusarium fujikuroi）的生物学特性并筛选出对李果斑病有效的防治药剂。方法测定不同培养基、光照、温度、pH和碳、氮源对病原菌生长的影响，并采用菌丝生长速率法测定7种杀菌剂对该病原菌的室内毒力。结果该病原菌最适生长温度25 ℃，pH为7～8，最适培养基为Czapek和PDA，最适碳源为淀粉和葡糖糖，最适氮源为蛋白胨和硝酸钠，不同光照条件对菌丝生长无显著影响；室内毒力测定结果表明7种杀菌剂对病原菌菌丝生长均有抑制效果，其中45%咪鲜胺WDG、20%吡噻菌胺SC和30%丙硫菌唑OD对该菌室内毒力较强，其EC₅₀值分别为0.8914、0.9436、1.0220 μg·mL⁻¹。结论明确了对李果斑病病原菌生长的最适温度、pH、光照及营养物质等，筛选对该病原菌有较好抑制作用的杀菌剂，为李果斑病的后续研究提供基础数据及有效防控措施的选择提供参考。
- 李 /
- 藤仓镰刀菌 /
- 生物学特性 /
- 室内毒力测定
Abstract: Objective Biological characteristics of the pathogen that caused the plum fruit spot disease, Fusarium fujikuroi, were studied. Various agents for effective control of the disease were tested in the laboratory. Method Effects of culture medium, light exposure, temperature, pH, and carbon/nitrogen sources on the growth of F. fujikuroi were determined. Toxicities of 7 fungicides to the pathogen were compared with the mycelium growth rate method in the laboratory. Result F. fujikuroi grew well on Czapek or PDA medium at pH of 7-8 and 25 ℃. The preferred carbon sources were starch and glucosaccharide, and those for nitrogen, peptone and sodium nitrate for the culture. Different light exposures did not significant affect the fungal growth. The 7 fungicides displayed significant but varying inhibitory effects on the mycelial development. Among them, 45% imidazolide WDG, 20% pyrathiazolide SC, and 30% prothiazolium OD showed high toxicities with EC₅₀ of 0.891 4, 0.9436, and 1.022 0 μg·mL⁻¹, respectively. Conclusion The effects of temperature, pH, light exposure, and nutrients on the growth of F. fujikuroi were clearly shown by this study. The relative efficacies of 7 commonly available fungicides for controlling the plum fruit spot disease were compared.
- Plum /
- Fusarium fujikuroi /
- biological characteristics /
- toxicity test

HTML全文

图 1 不同培养基对李果斑病菌菌丝生长的影响

注：不同大小写字母表示处理间差异达极显著（P＜0.01）和显著水平（P＜0.05），图2～6同。

Figure 1. Effect of culture media on mycelial growth of F. fujikuroi

Note: Data with different uppercase and lowercase letters indicate extremely significant difference (P＜0.01) and significant difference (P＜0.05) between treatments, respectively. Same for Figs. 2-6.

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图 2 不同碳源对李果斑病病原菌菌丝生长的影响

Figure 2. Effect of nitrogen sources on mycelial growth of F. fujikuroi

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同光照条件对李果斑病病原菌菌丝生长的影响

Figure 6. Effect of light exposure on mycelial growth of F. fujikuroi

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同氮源对李果斑病菌病原菌丝生长的影响

Figure 3. Effect of carbon sources on mycelial growth of F. fujikuroi

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同温度对李果斑病菌菌丝生长的影响

Figure 4. Effect of culture temperature on mycelial growth of F. fujikuroi

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同pH对李果斑病病原菌菌丝生长的影响

Figure 5. Effect of pH on mycelial growth of F. fujikuroi

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表 1 供试药剂

Table 1. Fungicides evaluated

药剂名称 Fungicide	处理质量浓度 Concentration gradient/（μg·mL⁻¹）
药剂名称 Fungicide	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5
0.3%丁子香酚 SL	0.625	1.25	2.5	5	10
20%吡噻菌胺 SC	0.5	0.75	1	1.25	1.5
30%丙硫菌唑 OD	0.25	0.5	1	1	4
45%苯菌酮 SC	5	10	20	40	80
25%嘧菌酯 SC	1	2	4	8	16
50%嘧菌环胺 WDG	1	2	4	8	16
45%咪鲜胺 EW	0.15	0.3	0.6	1.2	2.4

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 7种杀菌剂对李果斑病病原菌的室内毒力测定

Table 2. Indoor toxicity test results of 7 fungicides on F. fujikuroi

药剂名称 Fungicides	毒力回归方程 Regression equation of Toxicity	EC₅₀/ （mg·L⁻¹）	相关系数r Correlation Coefficient r
0.3%丁子香酚 SL	y=4.6957+0.8980x	2.1821	0.9980
20%吡噻菌胺 SC	y =5.0692+2.7458 x	0.9436	0.9940
30%丙硫菌唑 OD	y =4.9656+3.6470 x	1.0220	0.9906
45%苯菌酮 SC	y =3.4712+1.1822 x	19.6403	0.9915
25%嘧菌酯 SC	y =4.2710+1.0144 x	5.2313	0.9845
50%嘧菌环胺 WDG	y =4.2012+1.0008 x	6.2818	0.9865
45%咪鲜胺 EW	y =5.0861+0.9908 x	0.8914	0.9935

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