9种种衣剂对鲜食玉米草地贪夜蛾、顶（茎）腐病的防效及其安全性评价

甘林; 张扬; 邹成佳; 邱良妙; 廖长见; 李晓; 何玉仙; 卢和顶; 杨秀娟

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.05.010

9种种衣剂对鲜食玉米草地贪夜蛾、顶（茎）腐病的防效及其安全性评价

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.05.010

1.
福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所/福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室，福建　福州　350013
2.
福建省农业科学院作物研究所，福建　福州　350013
3.
四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所，四川　成都　610066

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0200706）；福建省科技计划引导性项目（2020N0026）；福建省农业科学院引导性科技创新项目（YDXM2019002）；福建省农业科学院科技创新项目（PC2018-3、ZYTS2019009）

详细信息

作者简介:
甘林（1981−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：植物病害防治（E-mail：millergan@yeah.net）

共同第一作者：张扬（1985−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：玉米遗传育种（E-mail：zywheat@163.com）

通讯作者:
杨秀娟（1972−），女，研究员，研究方向：植物病害防治（E-mail：yxjzb@126.com）

中图分类号: S 435.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-30
- 修回日期: 2021-02-10
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-31

Efficacies of Nine Seed Coating Agents for Disease Control and Safety for Fresh Consumption of Maize

1.
Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350013, China
2.
Institute of Crops Research, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350013, China
3.
Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan　610066, China

摘要

摘要: 目的明确不同种衣剂对鲜食玉米主要病虫害的防效及其对玉米的安全性，为福建省玉米生产筛选合适的种衣剂。方法选用5种杀虫剂类型种衣剂和4种杀虫剂/杀菌剂组合物类型种衣剂，在田间条件下研究供试种衣剂对玉米出苗率、保苗率、苗期草地贪夜蛾及乳熟期顶（茎）腐病、玉米产量的影响。结果除35.00%丁硫克百威种子处理粉剂（好年冬）之外，其他8种种衣剂对玉米种子出苗率、田间保苗率无不良影响。种衣剂50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）5 g·kg⁻¹和IPP1 25 g·kg⁻¹拌种处理对玉米苗期草地贪夜蛾防治效果显著，防效分别为64.15%和59.40%；50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂/4.23%种菌唑·甲霜灵微乳剂（顶苗新）5 g·kg⁻¹+5 g·kg⁻¹拌种处理对顶（茎）腐病的发生有较好防治效果，病株率防效达56.07%。从玉米产量来看，50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂/35 g·L⁻¹精甲霜灵·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂（满适金）5 g·kg⁻¹+2 g·kg⁻¹、50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂/快苗5 g·kg⁻¹+2 g·kg⁻¹、50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂/4.23%种菌唑·甲霜灵微乳剂5 g·kg⁻¹+5 g·kg⁻¹处理种子能促进玉米增产，其籽粒增产率分别为5.92%、2.05%和6.24%，鲜穗增产率分别为3.17%、5.58%和3.55%。结论 50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂/4.23%种菌唑·甲霜灵微乳剂可作为福建地区鲜食玉米生产合适的种衣剂，不仅对玉米生长安全，病虫防效显著，而且能增加玉米产量。
- 鲜食玉米 /
- 种衣剂 /
- 草地贪夜蛾 /
- 顶腐病 /
- 茎腐病 /
- 安全性
Abstract: Objective Efficacies of 9 seed coating agents in controlling the major diseases and pest infestation as well as their application safety for fresh consumption of maize were investigated. Method Nine commercially available seed coating agents (5 were insecticides, and 4 insecticide/fungicide mixtures) were applied on maize to determine their effects on the seed emergence and survival rates, the control on fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) infestation at seedling stage and top/stalk rot disease on the plants, and the crop yield in a field experimentation. Result Other than Haoniandong (a 35.00% carbosulfan WS), none of the 9 agents showed a negative effect on seed emergence or survival rate. The control efficacies of Lumingwei (a 50.00% chlorantraniliprole FS) at 5 g·kg⁻¹ and IPP1 at 25 g·kg⁻¹ on fall armyworm infestation on the maize at seedling stage were 64.15% and 59.40%, respectively. Dingmiaoxin (a mixture of 50.00% chlorantraniliprole FS and 4.23% ipconazole·metalaxy ME) at 5+5 g·kg⁻¹ reduced the top/stalk rot infection rate to 56.07%. On the yield of the plants grown from the treated seeds, the application of Manshijin (a mixture of 50.00% chlorantraniliprole FS and 35g·L⁻¹ metalaxyl-m·fludioxonil FSC) at 5+2 g·kg⁻¹, the mixture of Lumingwei and Kuaimiao at 5+2 g·kg⁻¹ and Dingmiaoxin at 5+5 g·kg⁻¹ increased the grain yields by 5.92%, 2.05% and 6.24%, respectively, and the fresh ear yields by 3.17%, 5.58%, and 3.55%, respectively, over control. Conclusion Among the tested seed coating agents, Dingmiaoxin at the recommended dosage showed a significant efficacy in controlling the major diseases and pest infestation as well as improved crop yield without growth impairment on the maize. It could be applied on maize for fresh consumption cultivated in Fujian.
- Maize for fresh consumption /
- seed coating agent /
- fall armyworm /
- top rot /
- top/stalk rot /
- food safety

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图 1 氯虫苯甲酰胺种衣剂（A）和噻虫胺种衣剂（B）处理的玉米苗草地贪夜蛾幼虫各虫量的出现频率

Figure 1. Occurrence frequencies of fall armyworm larva on maize seedlings treated by seed coating agents chlorantraniliprole FS（A） and clothianidin FSC（B）

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表 1 供试种衣剂

Table 1. Seed coating agents under test

处理编号 Treatment code	种衣剂 Seed coating agent	使用剂量 Dosage （seed）/ （g·kg⁻¹）	类型 Type
P1	480 g·L⁻¹噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂 480 g·L⁻¹Clothianidin FSC	4.5	杀虫剂 Pesticides
P2	50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫） 50.00%Chlorantraniliprole FS	5.0	杀虫剂 Pesticides
P3	40.00%溴酰·噻虫嗪种子处理悬浮剂（福亮） 40.00%Bromoyl thiamethoxam FS	5.0	杀虫剂 Pesticides
P4	35.00%丁硫克百威种子处理粉剂（好年冬） 35.00%Carbosulfan WS	6.7	杀虫剂 Pesticides
P5	IPP1	25.0	杀虫剂 Pesticides
PD1	50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/35 g·L⁻¹精甲霜灵·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂（满适金） 50.00%Chlorantraniliprole FS/35 g·L⁻¹metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil FSC	5.0+2.0	杀虫剂/杀菌剂 Pesticides/fungicide
PD2	50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/快苗 50.00%Chlorantraniliprole FS/kuaimiao	5.0+2.0	杀虫剂/杀菌剂 Pesticides/fungicide
PD3	50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/70.00%甲基硫菌灵悬浮种衣剂 50.00%Chlorantraniliprole FS/70.00%thiophanate-methyl FSC	5.0+2.5	杀虫剂/杀菌剂 Pesticides/fungicide
PD4	50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/4.23%种菌唑·甲霜灵微乳剂（顶苗新） 50.00%Chlorantraniliprole FS/ 4.23%ipconazole·metalaxyl ME	5.0+5.0	杀虫剂/杀菌剂 Pesticides/fungicide

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表 2 不同种衣剂对玉米出苗率和保苗率的影响

Table 2. Effects of seed coating agents on maize seed emergence and survival rates

处理 Treatments	出苗率 Emergence rate/ %	保苗率 Survival rate/ %	处理 Treatments	出苗率 Emergence rate/ %	保苗率 Survival rate/ %
480 g·L⁻¹噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂 480 g·L⁻¹ Clothianidin FSC	84.90±3.25 Aab	100.00	50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/ 35 g·L⁻¹精甲霜灵·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂（满适金） 50.00%Chlorantraniliprole FS/35 g·L⁻¹metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil FSC	78.00±2.65 Aa	99.53
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫） 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS	86.98±2.38 Aa	100.00	50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/快苗 50.00%Chlorantraniliprole FS/kuaimiao	79.67±5.69 Aa	99.84
40.00%溴酰·噻虫嗪种子处理悬浮剂（福亮） 40.00% Bromoyl·thiamethoxam FS	82.99±3.18 Aab	100.00	50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/ 70.00%甲基硫菌灵悬浮种衣剂 50.00%Chlorantraniliprole FS/70.00%thiophanate-methyl FSC	83.33±1.53 Aa	99.53
35.00%丁硫克百威种子处理粉剂（好年冬） 35.00% Carbosulfan WS	81.25±3.25 Ab	100.00	50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/ 4.23%种菌唑·甲霜灵微乳剂（顶苗新） 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS/4.23%ipconazole·metalaxyl ME	80.33±8.14 Aa	100.00
IPP1	86.63±3.18 Aab	100.00	空白对照 Contrast	83.00±6.08 Aa	99.84
空白对照 Contrast	88.02±1.56 Aa	100.00

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表 3 不同种衣剂对玉米苗期草地贪夜蛾的防治效果

Table 3. Effects of seed coating agents on controlling fall armyworm infestation on maize at seedling stage

处理　　　　 Treatments	株受害率 Injury rate/%	百株虫量/头 Amount per100 plants	防效 Control effects/%	虫态　　 Stages of pest
480 g·L⁻¹噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂 480 g·L⁻¹ Clothianidin FSC	100.00	173.67±10.07 Ab	8.44	1~3龄幼虫 1~3 instars larva
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫） 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS	100.00	68.00±11.79 Bd	64.15	1龄幼虫、卵块 1 instars larva、eggs
40.00%溴酰·噻虫嗪种子处理悬浮剂（福亮） 40.00% Bromoyl thiamethoxam FS	100.00	98.67±20.11 Bc	47.98	1-2龄幼虫、卵块 1~2 instars larva、eggs
35.00%丁硫克百威种子处理粉剂（好年冬） 35.00% Carbosulfan WS	100.00	210.00±12.29 Aa	—	1~3龄幼虫 1-3 instars larva
IPP1	100.00	77.00±8.19 Bcd	59.40	1龄幼虫、卵块 1 instars larva、eggs
空白对照 Contrast	100.00	189.67±22.12 Aab	—	1~3龄幼虫 1~3 instars larva

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表 4 不同种衣剂对玉米顶腐病、茎腐病的防治效果

Table 4. Effects of seed coating agents on controlling top/stalk rot on maize plants

处理 Treatments	调查株数 No. of plant investigated	病株率 Disease plant rate/%			防效 Control effect/%
处理 Treatments	调查株数 No. of plant investigated	8叶期/顶腐病 Eighth leaf/Top rot	13叶期/ 顶（茎）腐病 Thirteenth leaf/Top （stalk） rot	乳熟期/ 顶（茎）腐病 Milk stage/Top （stalk） rot	防效 Control effect/%
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/ 35 g·L⁻¹精甲霜灵·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂（满适金） 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS/35 g·L⁻¹metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil FSC	634	0.95	3.17	3.33	37.76
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/快苗 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS/kuaimiao	634	1.11	3.79	3.79	29.16
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/ 70.00%甲基硫菌灵悬浮种衣剂 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS/70.00% thiophanate-methyl FSC	638	1.73	3.62	3.94	26.36
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/ 4.23%种菌唑·甲霜灵微乳剂（顶苗新） 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS/4.23% ipconazole·metalaxyl ME	639	0.78	2.35	2.35	56.07
空白对照 Contrast	636	1.73	5.35	5.35	—

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表 5 不同种衣剂对玉米产量的影响

Table 5. Effects of seed coating agent applications on yield of maize

处理 Treatments	籽粒产量构成 Grain yield components			籽粒 Grains		鲜穗 Fresh ear
处理 Treatments	行 Row	粒/行 Grain/ row	千粒重 1000-grain weigh/g	穗粒重 Spike grain weigh/ g	增产率 Yield increase rate/%	小区产量 plot Yield/kg	产量 Yield/ （kg·hm⁻²）	增产率 Yield increase rate/%
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/ 35 g·L⁻¹精甲霜灵·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂（满适金） 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS/35 g·L⁻¹ metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil FSC	16	35.49±0.88 Aa	454.00±14.79 Aa	257.64	5.92	54.40±1.22 Aab	15111.87	3.17
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/快苗 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS/kuaimiao	16	35.05±0.83 Aa	435.00±9.42 Aa	248.22	2.05	55.67±1.94 Aa	15464.66	5.58
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/ 70.00%甲基硫菌灵悬浮种衣剂 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS/70.00% thiophanate-methyl FSC	16	35.05±0.80 Aa	426.00±18.28 Aa	242.63	−0.25	53.20±0.69 Aab	14778.52	0.89
50.00%氯虫苯甲酰胺种子处理悬浮剂（路明卫）/ 4.23%种菌唑·甲霜灵微乳剂（顶苗新） 50.00% Chlorantraniliprole FS/4.23% ipconazole·metalaxyl ME	16	35.61±0.95 Aa	455.00±42.60 Aa	258.43	6.24	54.60±0.87 Aab	15167.43	3.55
空白对照 Contrast	16	35.78±0.80 Aa	430.00±54.23 Aa	243.24	—	52.73±1.30 Ab	14647.95	—

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9种种衣剂对鲜食玉米草地贪夜蛾、顶（茎）腐病的防效及其安全性评价

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.05.010

作者简介:
甘林（1981−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：植物病害防治（E-mail：millergan@yeah.net）

共同第一作者：张扬（1985−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：玉米遗传育种（E-mail：zywheat@163.com）

通讯作者:
杨秀娟（1972−），女，研究员，研究方向：植物病害防治（E-mail：yxjzb@126.com）

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Efficacies of Nine Seed Coating Agents for Disease Control and Safety for Fresh Consumption of Maize

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目录

留言板

9种种衣剂对鲜食玉米草地贪夜蛾、顶（茎）腐病的防效及其安全性评价

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.05.010

作者简介: 甘林（1981−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：植物病害防治（E-mail：millergan@yeah.net） 共同第一作者：张扬（1985−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：玉米遗传育种（E-mail：zywheat@163.com）

通讯作者: 杨秀娟（1972−），女，研究员，研究方向：植物病害防治（E-mail：yxjzb@126.com）

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出版历程

Efficacies of Nine Seed Coating Agents for Disease Control and Safety for Fresh Consumption of Maize

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
甘林（1981−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：植物病害防治（E-mail：millergan@yeah.net）

共同第一作者：张扬（1985−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：玉米遗传育种（E-mail：zywheat@163.com）

通讯作者:
杨秀娟（1972−），女，研究员，研究方向：植物病害防治（E-mail：yxjzb@126.com）