桂东南地区三种常见鸡病毒性免疫抑制病的血清抗体检测与分析

吕其壮; 李佩伦; 张成成; 覃婷; 陈旭健

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.05.002

桂东南地区三种常见鸡病毒性免疫抑制病的血清抗体检测与分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.05.002

吕其壮^{1, 2,},
李佩伦³,
张成成⁴,
覃婷¹,
陈旭健^1, ,

1.
玉林师范学院生物与制药学院，广西　玉林　537000
2.
广西农产资源化学与生物技术重点实验室，广西　玉林　537000
3.
玉林市动物疫病预防控制中心，广西　玉林　537000
4.
扬州大学兽医学院，江苏　扬州　225009

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31860708）；广西自然科学基金项目（2017GXNSFBA198025）；玉林师范学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202010606226）

详细信息

作者简介:
吕其壮（1989−），男，博士，副教授，研究方向：分子病原学与免疫学（E-mail：lvqizhuang062@163.com）

通讯作者:
陈旭健（1965−），男，硕士，教授，研究方向：微生物学（E-mail：ylsfxycxj@163.com）

中图分类号: S 851.31; S 858.31
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-21
- 修回日期: 2021-03-31
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-17
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-31

Detection and Analysis of Serum Antibody Against Three Kinds of Common Viral Immunosuppressive Diseases in Chicken Flocks in the Region of Southeast Guangxi

1.
College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi　537000, China
2.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yulin, Guangxi　537000, China
3.
Animal Diseases Control & Prevention Centre of Yulin City, Yulin　537000 , China
4.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu　225009, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解3种常见病毒性免疫抑制病在桂东南地区鸡群中的发病情况和流行趋势。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法，对2018年3月至2019年4月来自玉林、北流、兴业、博白、容县、陆川、贵港、桂平、平南等9个县市农村散养户送检的637份病鸡血清样品进行病毒抗体的检测并分析地区、季节、品种和年龄段等因素对鸡群感染病毒性免疫抑制病的影响。结果以上地区的农户散养鸡群中存在3种常见病毒性免疫抑制病的抗体，且不同病毒的抗体情况受地区、季节、品种和年龄段等因素的影响。鸡传染性贫血病毒（CIAV）、禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒（REV）和禽呼肠孤病毒（ARV）的抗体总阳性率分别为23.86%、13.97%、7.06%，提示CIAV在以上地区鸡群中的感染率相对较高，应该作为今后该地区鸡群疫病防控的重点。此外，在所有阳性样品中混合感染率为24.65%，说明目前以上地区农户散养鸡群中的病毒性免疫抑制病存在混合感染，尤其以CIAV与其他病原组成的混合感染类型为主，占98.11%。结论针对桂东南地区农户散养鸡群进行血清学调查，为防控该地区鸡群中的3种常见病毒性免疫抑制病提供了重要参考。
- 鸡 /
- 病毒性免疫抑制病 /
- 抗体检测 /
- ELISA
Abstract: Objective In order to explore the current morbidity and epidemic trend of three kinds of common viral immunosuppressive diseases in chicken flocks in southeast Guangxi. Method From March 2018 to April 2019, a total of 637 sick chicken sera were collected from scattering chicken raising households in nine counties and cities including Yulin, Beiliu, Xingye, Bobai, Rongxian, Luchuan, Guigang, Guiping and Pingnan, to detect the serum antibodies against three viruses by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyzed the impact of different factors including region, season, breed and age on the infection statuses of these three viral immunosuppressive diseases. Result The results showed that the antibodies against three common immunosuppressive viruses were ubiquitous in the above areas and the positive rates of antibodies against different viruses were affected by regions, seasons, breeds and age groups of the chicken flocks. The positive rates of antibodies against Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV), Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) and Avian reovirus (ARV) were 23.86%, 13.97% and 7.06% respectively, indicating that the positive rate of CIAV were higher than other two viral immunosuppressive diseases in chicken flocks of the farmers in the above-mentioned regions and it should be regarded as the focus of the prevention and control of epidemic diseases in chicken flocks. In addition, multi-infection was the common infection type, as the mixed infection rate reached up to 24.65%, and CIAV co-infection with other pathogens were the most common diversified infection type, accounting for 98.11%. Conclusion This study provided the serological surveillance of chicken viral immunosuppressive diseases in the chicken flocks of the scattering raising households in the region of southeast Guangxi and provided a reliable reference for making control measures of these three kinds of common viral immunosuppressive diseases.
- chicken /
- viral immunosuppressive diseases /
- detection of antibody /
- ELISA

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表 1 3种常见鸡病毒性免疫抑制病的血清抗体检测结果

Table 1. Investigation results of serum antibodies against three common chicken viral immunosuppressive diseases

病毒种类 Virus types	阳性数量/份 Numbers of positive samples	占总样品的比例 The rate of total samples/%	单一感染阳性数量/份 Numbers of single infection	占阳性样品的比例 The rate of total positive samples/%	混合感染阳性数量/份 Numbers of mix-infection	占阳性样品的比例 The rate of total positive samples/%	占混合感染样品的比例 The rate of total mix-infection samples/%
CIAV	152	23.86	100	46.51	52	24.19	98.11
REV	89	13.97	39	18.14	50	23.26	94.34
ARV	45	7.06	23	10.70	22	10.23	41.51
注：表中215是指所有阳性鸡的个数，53是指215只阳性鸡中同时感染两种及以上病原的鸡的个数。 Note: The 215 in Table 2 meaned the number of antigen positive chickens, and 53 meaned the number of chickens infected with two or more pathogens.

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表 2 不同日龄鸡群三种常见病毒性免疫抑制病的血清抗体检测结果

Table 2. Investigation results of serum antibodies against three common chicken viral immunosuppressive diseases at different day ages

病毒种类 Virus types	40日龄以下 Under 40 day age		40～140日龄 40-140 day age		141～240日龄 141-240 day age		240日龄以上 Over 240 day age
病毒种类 Virus types	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate/%	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate/%	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate/%	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate/%
CIAV	149	23.49	432	24.07	44	22.73	12	25.00
REV	149	12.75	432	13.19	44	25.00	12	16.67
ARV	149	2.01	432	9.26	44	4.55	12	0.00

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表 3 不同季节鸡群3种常见病毒性免疫抑制病的血清抗体检测结果

Table 3. Investigation results of serum antibodies against three common chicken viral immunosuppressive diseases in different seasons

病毒种类 Virus types	春季（3～5月） Spring（March-May）		夏季（6～8月） Summer（June-August）		秋季（9～11月） Autumn（September-November）		冬季（12～2月） Winter（December-February）
病毒种类 Virus types	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate /%	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate/%	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate /%	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate/%
CIAV	194	28.35	149	14.77	138	28.99	156	22.44
REV	194	20.62	149	9.40	138	10.87	156	12.82
ARV	194	5.15	149	8.05	138	8.70	156	7.05

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表 4 不同生长区域鸡群3种病毒性免疫抑制病的血清抗体检测阳性率

Table 4. Positive rates of serum antibodies against three common chicken viral immunosuppressive diseases from different areas

（单位：%）
病毒种类 Virus types	玉林 Yulin	北流 Beiliu	兴业 Xingye	博白 Bobai	容县 Rongxian	陆川 Luchuan	贵港 Guigang	桂平 Guiping	平南 Pingnan
CIAV	40.17	21.93	20.37	0.00	20.31	37.50	20.83	0.00	7.14
REV	25.64	14.50	5.56	0.00	10.16	0.00	12.50	0.00	7.14
ARV	11.11	5.95	9.26	0.00	4.69	12.50	16.67	0.00	0.00

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表 5 不同品种鸡群3种病毒性免疫抑制病的血清抗体检测结果

Table 5. Investigation results of serum antibodies against three common chicken viral immunosuppressive diseases in different chicken breeds

病毒种类 Virus types	三黄鸡 Three-yellow chicken		凉亭鸡 Liangting chicken		霞烟鸡 Xiayan chicken
病毒种类 Virus types	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate/%	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate/%	样品数 Sample number	阳性率 Positive rate/%
CIAV	317	26.50	207	22.71	113	18.58
REV	317	11.99	207	18.36	113	11.50
ARV	317	8.20	207	6.28	113	5.31

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表 6 三种常见鸡病毒性免疫抑制病混合感染的检测结果

Table 6. Investigation results of mixed infection of three common chicken viral immunosuppressive diseases

混合感染类型 Types of mix-infection	阳性数量 Number of positive samples	占总样品的比率 Rate of total samples/%	占阳性样品的比率 Rate of total positive samples/%	占混合感染样品的比率 Rate of total mix-infection samples/%
CIAV+REV	31	4.87	14.42	58.49
CIAV+ARV	3	0.47	1.40	5.66
REV+ARV	1	0.16	0.47	1.89
CIAV+REV+ARV	18	2.83	8.37	33.96
总计	53	8.32	24.65	100.00

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