酸性土壤玉米根际土壤细菌群落对秸秆还田和调理剂的响应

张慧; 苏光秋; 林陈强; 陈龙军; 陈济琛

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.04.014

酸性土壤玉米根际土壤细菌群落对秸秆还田和调理剂的响应

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.04.014

1.
福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 福建　福州　350001
2.
屏南县农业农村局, 福建　屏南　352300

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0200706）；福建省科技计划公益类专项（2019R1025-4）；福建省区域发展项目（2019Y3005）

详细信息

作者简介:
张慧（1981−），女，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事农业微生物研究（E-mail：zhanghui08@126.com）

通讯作者:
陈济琛（1965−），男，研究员，主要从事微生物研究（E-mail：chenjichen2001@126.com）

中图分类号: S 154
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-16
- 修回日期: 2020-12-28
- 网络出版日期: 2021-03-27
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-30

Responses of Rhizosphere Bacterial Community to Straw-mulching and Conditioner-addition in Acid Soil of Maize Field

1.
Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350001, China
2.
Pingnan Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Pingnan, Fujian　352300, China

摘要

摘要: 目的以福建省黄泥田土壤为研究对象，探讨不施化肥（CK）、单一施化肥（T1）、化肥配施秸秆还田（T2）、化肥配施土壤调理剂（T3）等4组处理玉米根际土壤细菌群落组成、多样性和结构的变化。方法利用 Illumina Miseq测序平台对4组处理土壤样品进行测序，基于第二代高通量技术分析4种处理（CK、T1、T2、T3）的玉米根际土壤细菌的16S rRNA基因在V3～V4区域的多样性指数、丰富度以及群落组成和结构。结果 4个处理的玉米根际土壤细菌优势门（相对丰度＞10%）为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）。T1处理细菌的丰富度指数（ACE指数和Chao1指数）较CK均有所降低，分别降低17.65%和17.88%；T3处理的细菌丰富度指数（ACE指数和Chao1指数）高于CK处理，分别提高14.52%和14.00%。分层聚类图显示细菌属水平上，CK、T1和T2处理的土壤样品细菌群落结构相似性较高，T3与其他3个处理细菌群落结构差异较大。结论化肥配施土壤调理剂对土壤细菌群落结构影响大于单一施化肥和化肥配施秸秆还田处理，单一施化肥降低了根际土壤细菌的丰富度，化肥配施土壤调理剂可以显著提高玉米根际土壤细菌群落的丰富度，施用土壤调理剂提高酸性土壤pH对玉米根际细菌群落影响最大。
- 化肥 /
- 秸秆还田 /
- 土壤调理剂 /
- 高通量测序 /
- 土壤细菌群落
Abstract: Objective Composition and diversity of rhizosphere bacterial community in response to straw-mulching and soil conditioning on land of maize field were studied. Methods Soil at the maize growing fields was treated with either no chemical fertilizer (CK), a single chemical fertilizer (T1), straw-mulching and chemical fertilization (T2), or a soil conditioner plus chemical fertilization (T3). The second-generation technology of Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing was used based on the bacterial 16S rRNA genes in V3-V4 region to determine the changes of diversity, richness, composition, and structure of bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil under treatment. Results The dominant bacteria, which showed their relative abundance greater than 10%, in the rhizosphere bacterial community were 4,183 genera of Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Actinobacteria. The ACE and Chao 1 richness indices of the community under T1 were 17.65% and 17.88%, respectively, lower, while those under T3, 14.52% and 14%, respectively, higher than those under CK. At genera level, the stratified cluster diagram of community structure under T3 differed from those under CK, T1, and T2. Conclusion T3 significantly affected the structure of the bacteria community and more so than did the other treatments. Among all treatments, T1 lowered, while T3 enhanced, the richness of the community over CK. And the added soil conditioner raised the pH of the acidic soil rendering the greatest effect on the rhizosphere bacterial community in maize field.
- Chemical fertilization /
- straw-mulching /
- soil conditioner /
- high-throughput sequencing /
- rhizosphere bacterial community

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图 1 4种施肥措施土壤细菌门水平下类群比较

Figure 1. Bacteria at phyla level in rhizosphere soil under treatments

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图 2 4种施肥措施土壤样品细菌纲水平下类群比较

Figure 2. Bacteria at class level in rhizosphere soil under treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 4种施肥措施土壤样品属水平细菌OTUs热图

Figure 3. OTUs heatmap of bacterial OTUs at genus level in rhizosphere soil under treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 基于门和属水平下土壤细菌种群分布和环境因子的冗余分析

Figure 4. Redundancy analysis on bacterial community at phylum and genus levels in rhizosphere soil and on associated environmental factors

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表 1 4种施肥措施下根际土壤细菌的序列读数及OTUs数

Table 1. Sequences and OTUs of rhizosphere bacterial community under treatments

处理 Treatment	序列读数 Reads	OTUs数 OTUs
CK	50675±1401 b	1789±34 ab
T1	46145±2253 b	1476±57 b
T2	47686±1571 b	1779±145 ab
T3	56660±2119 a	2057±220 a
注：① CK：不施化肥秸秆不还田；T1：常规施肥秸秆不还田；T2：常规施肥秸秆还田；T3：常规施肥加土壤调理剂。② 同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异达显著水平（P＜0.05），下同。 Note: ① CK: Basic soil; T1: Conventional fertilization; T2: Humic acid organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer ; T3: Humic acid biological organic fertilizer；-N 20% Humic acid biological organic fertilizer. ② Data with different lowercase letters on same row denote significant difference between treatments （P＜0.05）, same for the following.

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表 2 4种施肥措施下根际土壤细菌的多样性指数

Table 2. Bacterial diversity of rhizosphere soil under treatments

处理 Treatment	ACE指数 ACE index	Chao1 指数 Chao1 index	Simpson指数 Simpson index	Shannon指数 Shannon index	覆盖率指数 Good’s coverage
CK	2170±28 ab	2164±28 ab	0.0072±0.0014 a	5.96±0.02 a	0.9889±0.0003 a
T1	1787±73 b	1777±69 b	0.0124±0.0004 a	5.53±0.07 a	0.9909±0.0004 ab
T2	2175±150 ab	2181±144 ab	0.0063±0.0006 a	5.94±0.13 a	0.9888±0.0005 ab
T3	2485±257 a	2467±260 a	0.0115±0.006 a	6.04±0.29 a	0.9875±0.0013 b

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