优质常规早稻新品种泉珍12号的选育及其遗传多态性分析

陈锦文; 谢旺有; 谢少和; 魏毅; 王天生; 陈惠清; 庄卫东; 余文昌

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.04.001

优质常规早稻新品种泉珍12号的选育及其遗传多态性分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.04.001

泉州市农业科学研究所，福建　晋江　362212

基金项目: 福建省科技引导性项目（2018N0050、2019N0051）；福建省科技星火项目（2020S0031）；2020年度福建省现代农业水稻产业技术体系建设项目（闽农科教函〔2020〕590号）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈锦文（1984−），男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：水稻抗病育种(E-mail：tankim@126.com)

通讯作者:
谢旺有（1973−），男，副研究员，研究方向：水稻新品种选育（E-mail：381486312@qq.com）

中图分类号: S 511
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-02
- 修回日期: 2021-01-17
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-30

Breeding and Genetic Diversity of Indica Rice, Quanzhen 12

Quanzhou Agricultural Sciences Institute, Jinjiang, Fujian　362212, China

摘要

摘要: 目的选育优质常规早稻新品种供推广种植，促进常规早稻品种更新换代，并研究新育成品种泉珍12号与其双亲的遗传相似性及多态性差异。方法以佳辐占为母本、榕籼1号为父本进行杂交，经系谱选育成的泉珍12号，于2017—2018年参加福建省早稻区域试验，2018年同步进行生产试验。以48对SSR引物对泉珍12号及其亲本的基因组DNA进行SSR分析，研究泉珍12号及其双亲的遗传相似性及多态性差异。结果 2年区域试验，泉珍12号平均产量为7 557.6 kg·hm⁻²，比对照杂优品种T78优2155增产1.82%；生产试验平均产量为6 694.05 kg·hm⁻²，比T78优2155减产6.83%；米质达部颁二等优质食用稻品种标准。2019年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定（闽审稻20190002）。多态性分析结果表明，泉珍12号与母本佳辐占共显性条带为20条，遗传相似系数为0.625；与父本榕籼1号共显性条带为12条，遗传相似系数为0.375。结论育成的优质早稻新品种泉珍12号米质好，株高较矮，适宜在福建省早季种植。泉珍12号在形态特征及亲缘关系上更倾向于母本佳辐占。
- 优质稻 /
- 泉珍12号 /
- 选育 /
- 遗传分析
Abstract: Objective An early season indica rice with excellent grain quality was bred through sexual hybridization between pedigrees and planted in regional trials for performance determination. Its genetic diversity and polymorphism were compared with the parents’. Method Hybridization of the new rice was carried out using Jiafuzhan as the female parent and Rongxian 1 as the male parent. The resulting cultivar was submitted to the regional trials in Fujian for new early rice varieties evaluation in 2017–2018 and simultaneously tested for production in 2018. Genetic diversity of the new cultivar and its parents based on the 48 pairs of identified SSR markers distributed in the 12 chromosomes of rice were compared. Result In the provincial 2017–2018 regional trial, the newly bred Quanzhen 12 delivered an average yield of 7 557.6 kg·hm⁻², i.e., 1.82% higher than that of the reference, T78you 2155. However, its production yield in 2018 trial was 6.83% lower at 6 694.05 kg·hm⁻². The grain quality of Quanzhen 12 was judged to be Grade 2 for edible rice according to the standard set forth by the Ministry of Agriculture. The variety was approved and released by Fujian Province Committee of Crop Variety Identification. The SSR makers showed the genetic similarity between Quanzhen 12 and Jiafuzhan to be 0.625, and between Quanzhen 12 and Rongxian 1 to be 0.375. Conclusion A new high-quality, short Quanzhen 12 was successfully bred. From the performances at the trials, it was considered suitable for early season planting in the province. Quanzhen 12 and Jiafuzhan appeared to have a close phylogenetic relationship.
- High-quality rice /
- Quanzhen 12 /
- breeding /
- genetic analysis

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图 1 泉珍12号选育图谱

Figure 1. Breeding of Quanzhen 12

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图 2 RM253对泉珍12号及其亲本的多态性检测

注：1为泉珍12号，2为榕籼1号，3为佳辐占，M为100 bp DNA Ladder Maker。

Figure 2. SSR marker-based polymorphisms of Quanzhen 12 and parents

Note: 1: Quanzhen 12; 2: Rongxian 1; 3: Jiafuzhan; M: 100 bp DNA ladder maker.

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图 3 泉珍12号及其亲本聚类图

Figure 3. SSR marker-based dendrogram trees of Quanzhen 12 and parents

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表 1 泉珍12号在福建省早稻区试中的农艺性状表现

Table 1. Agronomic characteristics of Quanzhen 12 exhibited at Regional Trials on Early Rice Varieties in Fujian

品种名称 Name of varieties	年份 Year	试验类型 Type of test	生育期 Growth period/d	株高 Plant height/ cm	穗长 Ear length/cm	有效穗 Effective panicle no./ ×10⁴穗·hm⁻²	成穗率 Percentage of earbearing tiller/%	总粒数 Spikelets per panicle	着粒密度 Spikelet d ensity/ No·cm⁻¹	结实率 Seed setting rate/%	千粒重 1000 grain weight/g
泉珍12号 Quanzhen 12	2017	区试 Regional trial	126.40	106.90	22.60	282.00	67.10	149.10	6.60	86.33	26.50
泉珍12号 Quanzhen 12	2018	区试 Regional trial	126.00	108.70	23.10	241.50	70.16	160.90	6.97	83.28	26.20
	平均 Average		126.20	107.80	22.85	261.75	68.63	155.00	6.79	84.81	26.35
T78优2155 T78 you 2155（CK）	2017	区试 Regional trial	129.40	106.90	23.10	288.00	62.90	136.20	5.90	84.74	26.20
T78优2155 T78 you 2155（CK）	2018	区试 Regional trial	127.40	117.50	24.70	256.50	65.91	158.80	6.43	82.19	26.20
	平均 Average		128.40	112.20	23.90	272.25	64.26	147.50	6.17	83.47	26.20
泉珍12号 Quanzhen 12	2018	生产试验 Production test	125.10	113.13	24.40	253.05		165.43	6.78	83.88	25.83
T78优2155 T78 you 2155（CK）	2018	生产试验 Production test	128.10	123.21	24.96	259.65		159.12	6.37	87.31	26.43

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表 2 泉珍12号在福建省早稻区域试验中的产量

Table 2. Yield performance of Quanzhen 12 at Regional Trials on Early Rice Varieties in Fujian

年份 Year	产量幅度 Range of yield/ （kg·hm⁻²）	平均产量 Average yield/ （kg·hm⁻²）	比CK增产 Compared with CK/ （kg·hm⁻²）	比CK增产率 Ratio compared with CK/%	试验点数 Number of test points	参试品种数 Number of varieties tested
2017	6213.00～9600.00	7659.15	120.00	1.59	10	11
2018	5286.00～8838.00	7456.50	149.55	2.05	9	11
平均 Average		7557.83	134.78	1.82

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表 3 泉珍12号在福建省早稻生产试验中的产量

Table 3. Yield performance of Quanzhen 12 at Production Trials on Early Rice Varieties in Fujian

试验点 Location	产量 Yield/ （kg·hm⁻²）	比CK增产 Compared with CK/ （kg·hm⁻²）	比CK增产率 Ratio compared with CK/%
福州市 Fuzhou	5284.50	6.00	0.10
石狮市 Shishi	4696.50	−3687.00	−43.98
龙海市 Longhai	7413.00	246.00	3.43
上杭县 Shanghang	7494.00	307.50	4.29
沙县 Shaxian	8070.00	100.50	1.27
建阳区 Jianyang	8031.00	−256.50	−3.10
福安市 Fu’an	5869.50	−150	−2.48
平均 Average	6694.05	−490.50	−6.83

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表 4 3个品种的农艺性状及产量相关性状比较

Table 4. Agronomic characteristics and yield traits of 3 rice varieties

品种 Varieties	生育期 Growth period/d	株高 Plant height/ cm	有效穗 Effective panicle no/ （×10⁴穗·hm⁻²）	成穗率 Percentage of earbearing tiller/ %	每穗总粒数 Spikelets per panicle	着粒密度 Spikelet density/ （No·cm⁻¹）	结实率 Seed setting rate/%	千粒重 1000 grain weight/g	产量 Yield/ （kg·hm⁻²）	比对照增产率 Ratio compared with CK/ %
泉珍12号 Quanzhen 12	123.00	106.90 cC	375.00 aA	85.60	170.50 aA	6.70 aA	90.20 aA	26.80 bB	7536.00 bB	−2.77
佳辐占 Jiafuzhan	125.00	112.20 bB	271.50 cC	88.40	110.20 cC	5.00 cC	89.70 aA	29.70 aA	7360.50 cC	−5.03
榕籼1号 Rongxian 1	123.00	104.30 dC	364.50 aA	82.70	167.10 aA	6.50 aA	82.40 bA	25.50 cB	7497.00 bBC	−3.27
T78优2155 T78you 2155（CK）	127.00	116.30 aA	324.00 bB	90.10	152.40 bB	5.80 bB	85.70 abA	26.00 bcB	77 0.50 aA
注：同列数据后无相同小写字母表示不同品种间在0.05水平差异显著，无相同大写字母表示不同品种间在0.01水平差异极显著。 Note: Date with different lowercase on same column indicate significant differences at 0.05 level, and different capital letters on same column indicate significant differences at 0.01 level.

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